习近平法治思想的法知识学特征分析

党的十八大以来,习近平总书记关于全面依法治国的一系列重要论述中所蕴含的各种法治思想特征,分别表现为法哲学、法价值论、法制度论、法规范论、法行为论、法社会学等不同法知识学形态,构成了习近平法治思想的具体内涵。习近平法治思想的博大精深,使其居于中国特色社会主义法治理论中"百科全书"的理论地位。习近平法治思想的思想特征,深刻地体现在习近平总书记关于法与其他现象之间的"十个关系"重要论述中,习近平法治思想的学术体系以及话语特征使得习近平法治思想为中国特色社会主义法治理论提供了正当性基础,同时也使得我国的法学研究事业彻底地摆脱西式法治话语的影响,走出了一条具有中国特色社会主义法治理论的法理学之路。

时间结构中的法学——《法学的知识谱系》阅读札记

法学究竟是一门什么样的学问,或者说,法学是不是一门科学,它与自然科学、社会科学、人文科学有着什么样的关系,我们应该秉持什么样的立场和方法来研究法学,中国的法学应该向何处去,这些是《法学的知识谱系》一书关切的核心问题。为了回答这些问题,《法学的知识谱系》在跨越三千年的思想史脉络中探求法学知识成长的“密码”。该研究显示,法学的知识是理论的,但它的指向是实践的;法学的理论是多元的,但却未必是混乱的;法学的成长时而中断,但时而又从“废墟”中再生。回到当代中国,面对思想市场的扭曲化和知识生产的无序化,这种方法论的研究和规训,对于推进法学研究的严谨性和真实性大有神益,也是解决无序知识生产的一剂良药。

中国自主法教义学知识体系之本土资源探析——以中国古代法释义学为中心

中国古代法释义学(律典解释学)是构建中国自主法教义学知识体系的重要本土资源。中国古代法释义学以探寻律义为目标,逐渐产生了一套以刑律注释为主的知识体系。在立法层面,法释义学成果直接融入立法文本,成为立法理论发展的推动力。在司法层面,律学著作对司法实践具有重要指导作用,各级司法机关广泛援引其观点作为裁判依据。在执法环节,法释义学通过诠释法律精神,提升执法者的专业素养,塑造了公正、为民、严格、和谐的执法理念。借鉴中国古代法释义学突破学科藩篱的历史经验,应对法学内部各学科、社科法学与法教义学以及法学与其他社会科学的竞合,为构建中国自主法学知识体系作出贡献。

＂Flipped Class Mode＂ Applied to Reading and Writing Class With WeChat APP

With the development of computer, technology way of language teaching has experienced great changes. In the past, the methods of language teaching mainly focus on the direct method, the grammar-translation, audio-lingual, the structure approach, communicative language teaching, community language learning, task-based language learning, etc. These methods start and develop with the need and application of some theories. At the present time, the computer is widely used in every field and the Internet is compulsory of daily life, especially more and more students use the WeChat APP. So the way of teaching language is changing accordingly. This paper is to analyze the new way of language teaching, the flipped class model, and how it is used with WeChat APP. The first part is the general introduction of the flipped class model, the second part is the application of the flipped class model to reading and writing classes, and the third part is the use of WeChat APP in the cell phone.

The Misunderstandings and Teaching Strategies on English Grammar Learning in College

English grammar teaching in college is a very challenging task, because teachers must not only consider the increase of students＇ communicative competence, but also take care of their grammar knowledge learning in the teaching process. This paper puts forward three teaching countermeasures based on the English grammar learning misunderstanding of college students, namely strengthen the grammar study of psychological counseling, strengthen guidance for English grammar learning method, and choose the teaching method of combination of explicit grammar and implicit grammar teaching.

Updating of the hierarchical rock mass rating(HRMR) system and a new subsystem developed for weathered granite formations

The RMR system is still very much applied in rock mechanics engineering context. It is based on the evaluation of six weights to obtain a final rating. To obtain the final rating a considerable amount of information is needed concerning the rock mass which can be difficult to obtain in some projects or project stages at least with accuracy. In 2007 an alternative classification scheme based on the RMR, the Hierarchical Rock Mass Rating(HRMR) was presented. The main feature of this system was the adaptation to the level of knowledge existent about the rock mass to obtain the classification of the rock mass since it followed a decision tree approach. However, the HRMR was only valid for hard rock granites with low fracturing degrees. In this work, the database was enlarged with approximately 40% more cases considering other types of granite rock masses including weathered granites and based on this increased database the system was updated. Granite formations existent in the north of Portugal including Porto city are predominantly granites. Some years ago a light rail infrastructure was built in the city of Porto and surrounding municipalities which involved considerable challenges due to the high heterogeneity levels of the granite formations and the difficulties involved in their geomechanical characterization. In this work it is intended to provide also a contribution to improve the characterization of these formations with special emphasis to the weathered horizons. A specific subsystem applicable to the weathered formations was developed. The results of the validation of these systems are presented and show acceptable performances in identifying the correct class using less information than with the RMR system.

Study on Implicit and Explicit Learning Theory in English Grammar Teaching

The teachers use explicit learning in the traditional teaching of English grammar, which pays great attention to the master of grammar knowledge points. Nowadays, some English teachers excessively emphasize the importance of teaching grammar imperceptibly, but neglect to explain the rules of grammar. The diametrically isolation of implicit and explicit learning doesn＇t correspond with the English grammar teaching. So the teachers should combine the two learning styles in order to make the best use of them to teach English grammar.

The Geographical Distribution and Historical Strata of Appellation Words Referring to ＂FATHER＂ in Jin Dialects --Exploring the Causes for the Formation of Historical Strata of Dialect Words

Based on geographical distribution and literature survey, the present study constructs the historical strata of the appellation words referring to ＂FATHER＂ in Jin Dialects. It holds that the patterns of the appellation words are the result of superposition of different historical periods. But their leading words directly inherit the appellation words of standard language of the Song Dynasty and are mainly monosyllabic words. Words used before the Song Dynasty as living fossils of the words only retain in some districts or localities. The different evolution route of＂pa （爸）＂ and ＂tiε （爹）＂ either in Jin dialects or in mandarin is a further proof that Jin dialects and mandarin evolves asynchronously. In addition, it maintains that the formulation of the historical strata is the interaction of the horizontal transmission of languages and systemic changes of local dialects.

A Study on Language Standardization and Variation From the Perspective of Language Ecology

This thesis examines the dialectical relationship between language standardization and variation from the perspective of language ecology. Language standardization is a task of calibrating language ecological niche. No matter what kind of language in the world, it would experience language standardization issues during its development process. Language standardization and variation is the unity of contradiction. To handle their relationship properly is the basis of maintaining the harmonious language ecology, and also a prerequisite of forming a good language environment. It is pragmatic subject＇s bounden duty to observe and perform language standardization. Dynamic trend is determined by linguistic ecological environment. Pragmatic energy is determined by the competition among different languages. Linguistic ecological variation determines pragmatic change of pragmatic subject.

The Evolution of Terminology Within the Tertiary Education System in Poland From a Diachronic Perspective

Pursuant to the Bologna Declaration of 1999, the establishment of the European Higher Education Area has entailed some standardization within the scope of terminology pertaining to tertiary education. Even though the process has left some room for country specific terminology, with names of higher education institutions being often used in their original wording, just to avoid lack of clarity, translation of the names in question is often performed for informative and for diploma recognition purposes. The aspect of translation seems not to pose a significant problem with regard to current names of tertiary education as there exist both strict and transparent rules defined by the Polish law with regard to the naming process as well as guidelines issued by the Council of Europe determining the standardization of higher education in the countries of the Bologna Process signatories. It may, however, cause some difficulties, in the case of translation of names used in the past. The main thrust hereof is to present the way the tertiary education system in Poland developed in terms of applied terminology of proper names of higher education institutions. The analyzed issue is mostly supposed to depict restrictions within the naming process and to suggest translation into English that conforms to the currently binding Polish law and that takes into consideration the then binding laws in Poland. The legislative ground subject to the analysis is constituted by Polish acts, resolutions, and official announcements, while the period covered encompasses the time span between WWII and the present moment. The suggested translation is understood as a transfer of culture and presentation of the education system, depicted from a diachronic perspective.

On Cultural Default and Compensation in Big Breasts and Wide Hips From the Perspective of Cultural Schema Theory

Cultural schema theory proposes that when we interact with members of the same culture in certain situations, or talk about certain information with them many times, cultural schemas are created and stored in our brain, which can promote coherence between the original and target language text, thus solving the cultural default caused by the cultural differences. It is vital to make cultural compensation to different cultural schemas and to coordinate the cultural contradiction. This thesis focuses on the translation methods and strategies in Big Breasts and Wide Hips from the perspective of the cultural schema theory, which exemplifies how cultural default and compensation functions in this novel.

Training Interpreters With Compound Abilities From the Perspective of Signed and Spoken Language Interpretation

Signed language is a natural language for verbal communication of the deaf and people hard of hearing. Both signed and oral language interpretation are activities that convert one language into another. They are similar with each other in terms of interpreting strategy, model, skills and so on. Sign language interpretation teaching and research can be integrated with oral interpretation teaching and research. China today urgently needs more multi-talented people than skillful language users. This paper holds if English majors learn signed language and can interpret between CSL, Chinese, and English, they must be warmly welcome in the employment market. Such interpreters with compound abilities are able to bridge the gap between hearing and deaf people even from different countries. This is of necessity and feasibility.

The Role of Globalization in Formation of Pedagogical Communication

The article is commonly about the impact of globalization on participants of pedagogical process in the condition of communication. The globalization leaves its tracks in separate spheres of the educational system as well as it impacts all spheres of modern life. The relation between a teacher and a student differs with its peculiarity in the contemporary life. A pupil or a student differs totally in classifying the information gained in his activity. A modem student demonstrates a special attitude to everyday events and gets an independent position. Such reality demands the teacher of the day to have a very high practice; the necessity of contemporary training in the process of training-education can be marked as the appearance of globalization. It occurs as a demand for globalization as well. All these items after being analyzed bring some conclusions.

Reliance or Defiance： Writing out of Her Mother in Maxine Hong Kingston＇s The Woman Warrior

This paper is to illustrate that form develops meaning in Maxine Hong Kingston＇s The Woman Warrior （1989）. Her writing is permeated with the dual forces stretching to diverse directions, and equips readers with the mimic world to be pushed and pulled to experience all the paradoxes in narrator＇s life. This enigmatic writing style is the mimesis of the push-pull dynamics existent in the mother-daughter relationship in the book, and also through this kind of writing does the writer finally succeed in breaking away from the suffocating mother-daughter relationship and in claiming her own unique identity.

Social Concerns for the Industrialization of Regional Culture in Gansu

Gansu, as the birthplace of Chinese Civilization, has very rich cultural resources. The advantages of regional culture in Gansu are strongly inclusive in category, excellent in spirit, rare in resources, completely worthless in value, famous world-wide, and so on. But serious concerns still exist in the industrialization of regional culture in Gansu, China. Here we recall the advantages of the cultural resources in this province, since it is beneficial for training a kind of cultural spirit or consciousness. It is also intended to put forward suggestions for the industrialization of regional culture and avoid unnecessary steps or even irretrievable loss.

Sequence Types and Textual Production Teaching

Currently, Portuguese teaching prioritizes the study of text sequence types and genres. All the didactic material and activity in the classroom are guided by this study. Because the narrative text type is one of the first which the student has contact with, it will be the focus of this work. This article aims to present a didactic sequence along the lines of Dolz, Noverraz, and Schneuwly （2004）, using the fable and tale genres in order to contribute to the development and appropriation, by the students, of the structural and linguistic characteristics of these genres and the type that makes it up. This sequence of activities is fundamental to work with text production, as it greatly contributes to the writing teaching.

A Contrastive Study of English Source Text and Back-Translation Version and Its Application

Back-translation is the translation of a translated text back into the language of the original text, which is an effective way to ensure accurate translation and assumes to be beneficial to improving learner＇s English competence. This thesis, based on the author＇s back translation training exercise, intends to make a constrastive study of source text in English and its back-translation precisely from the aspects of word choice, collocation, and sentence mechanics. Results have shown that by doing back-translation practice, the learners will strengthen their awareness of language differences between English and Chinese. Besides, as a special kind of translation, back-translation has its implications on English learning and Chinese-English translation, such as being a recitation method and testing tool.

A Study of Tragic Existence of Characters in ＂Dry September＂

＂Dry September＂ depicts many tragic characters, and it is significant to analyze tragic existence of characters. In this paper, by grasping the survival of each individual, we can have a better understanding of the theme.

One Kind of Reality： Mapping out Chinese ＂Postmodernism＂

This paper outlines the literary context and developments in post-1980s China, and seeks to map out Chinese postmodernism. It discusses the problematic existence of ＂Chinese postmodernism＂ by taking into account the more general postmodernity of Chinese society. The result is a view of postmodernism that is flexible, critical, historically and culturally situated and ethically sensitive without being dogmatic or propagandistic. This in turn will offer a basis for further study of ＂postmodernisms＂ as they have developed both in the countries of the concept＇s origin and elsewhere

A Research on English Teachers＇ Perception of English Listening by Analysis of a Questionnaire

Among the four skills of English learning--reading, writing, listening, and speaking, listening is always considered as the most implicit skill to teach, which makes it the most demanding course for English teachers in China. This study is to investigate the teachers＇ understanding of listening and listening teaching, thus to provide useful date on how to conduct the class teaching to fulfill teaching purpose. By analyzing the results from a questionnaire on 78 English teachers in three different colleges, the author made a conclusion that most teachers realized the importance of English listening, yet they failed to use the effective methods in class teaching.