隋唐经录与《出三藏记集》的差异——以支谦译经为例

佛经目录是研究佛教文献的重要依据,但是不同目录之间的记载并不相同。现存最早的完整经录是梁僧祐的《出三藏记集》,但隋唐经录的记载与之相比,却出现了经名、卷数乃至译者姓名等关键信息的不同。以三国时期著名译者支谦的作品为例,来说明这种差异的形成原因。研究发现,隋唐经录采用了部分目前已经失传的材料,且根据编辑团队自身设定的体例,更动了文献的著录信息。这就意味着,我们藉助经录研究佛教文献时,不仅要参照时代更早的经录,也要了解经录本身特定的体例,这样才能得到更为准确的信息。

Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of muscle regions of meridians needling method for refractory facial paralysis based on infrared thermal imaging technology

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of muscle regions of meridians needling method for refractory facial paralysis affecting different locations.Methods A total of 110 participants were randomized into an observation group and a control group,with 55 cases in each group.The observation group was treated with muscle regions of meridians needling method,and the control group was treated with conventional facial three-line needling method.The clinical efficacy was evaluated four weeks after the treatment.And the infrared imaging spectra of the two groups were examined.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),and its curative effect for refractory facial paralysis located above the geniculate ganglion was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).The color scale distribution of different disease locations in the two groups varied significantly(P<0.05),the higher the disease location,the higher the occurrence rate of cool zone and low temperature zone.After treatment,the reductions of the facial and periotic temperature difference between the healthy side and the affected side in the observation group were statistically different from those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Muscle regions of meridians needling method has a better effect than facial three-line needling method for refractory facial paralysis.It can promote the microcirculation of the affected side of the face,improve the blood and oxygen supply to local tissues,and thus promote the repair of the peripheral facial nerve.

Effect of electroacupuncture on NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome in uterine tissues of rats with primary dysmenorrhea

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in uterine tissues of rats with primary dysmenorrhea (PD), thus to explore the possible mechanism of EA for PD. Methods: Fifty female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, an EA at non-acupoint group, an EA at acupoint group and a Western medicine group, with 10 rats in each group. Except for the normal group, rats in the other four groups were treated with estradiol benzoate combined with oxytocin for 11 d to establish PD rat models. From day 1 of the modeling, rats in the normal group and the model group were only properly grasped without any intervention;Guanyuan (CV 4) and Sanyinjiao (SP 6) were selected for EA treatment in the EA at acupoint group;rats in the EA at non-acupoint group were treated with EA at 5 mm away from the acupoints selected above;rats in the Western medicine group were treated with ibuprofen via gavage. Rats in each group were treated for 10-day successively. On the 11th day, except for the normal group, rats in the other groups were intraperitoneally injected with oxytocin (2 U/rat), and the writhing number within 30 min in each group was compared;the pathological changes in rat uteruses were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the pathological damage scores were evaluated. Protein expression levels of NF-κB p65, phospho-NF-κB p65, NLRP3, cysteine aspastic acid-specific protease 1 (caspase-1), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 were detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with the normal group, the writhing number increased significantly (P<0.05), and the extensive exfoliation of the endometrium, severe edema, and histopathological score all increased significantly in the model group (P<0.05) as well as the protein levels of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18, and the ratio of phospho-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 in rat uterine tissues (all P<0.05);compared with the model group, the numbers of writhing reaction decreased within 30 min (P<0.05), the endometrial exfoliation was rare, the edema degree was mild, and the histopathological scores decreased significantly (all P<0.05) in the EA at acupoint group and the Western medicine group;compared with the model group, the phospho-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 ratio and the NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 protein levels of rat uterine tissues in the EA at acupoint group were significantly lower (P<0.05);compared with the model group, the caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 protein levels of the rat uterine tissues decreased significantly (all P<0.05), and the differences in the NLRP3 and phospho-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 levels were statistically insignificant (all P>0.05) in the Western medicine group;compared with the Western medicine group, the phospho-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 ratio, also the NLRP3, IL-1β and IL-18 protein levels of the uterine tissues decreased significantly in the EA at acupoint group (all P<0.05), while the difference in the caspase-1 level was statistically insignificant (P>0.05);there were no significant differences between the EA at non-acupoint group and the model group in any indicators (all P>0.05). Conclusion: EA at acupoints significantly improves the pain and pathological damages of PD rats. The mechanism may be related to the reduced uterine inflammation via inhibiting NF-κB phosphorylation and NLRP3 activation in uteruses of PD rats.

Study on the body surface temperature variation patterns of the meridian acupoints related to the physiological status of the uterus

Objective:By observing the body surface temperature changes of different meridian acupoints located at the same or adjacent spinal segments of the uterus during the whole storing and releasing process of the uterus under normal physiological condition by the infrared thermal imaging technology,to explore the specific patterns that the functions of Zang-fu organs are reflected on the biophysical characteristics of acupoints,and to enrich the functional specificity theory of the meridian acupoints,thus to provide a reference for discussing the biophysical characteristics of meridian acupoints associated with the menstrual cycle in healthy female college students.Methods:Ninety healthy subjects were included.Infrared thermal imaging device was used to detect the body surface temperature of the Yuan-Primary points,the Xi-Cleft points,the crossing points,the non-specific points,the unrelated meridian acupoints and the non-meridian non-acupoint points of the three yin meridians of foot located at the same or adjacent spinal cord segment with uterus,during the menstrual phase,the follicular phase,the ovulation phase and the luteal phase.The absolute skin temperature difference between the left and right acupoints with the same name was used as the main outcome indicator.Results:The temperature difference between left and right Diji(SP 8,the Xi-Cleft point of the Spleen Meridian)during the ovulation phase was significantly higher than that during the other 3 phases(all P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the temperature difference between the other meridian acupoints and non-meridian non-acupoint points during the 4 phases(all P>0.05);the absolute temperature difference value of each meridian acupoint was not statistically different from each other in the same phase(all P>0.05).Conclusion:The temperature of Diji(SP 8)specifically reflected the onset of ovulation,and the thermal characteristics of Diji(SP 8)specifically reflected the physiological changes of uterus.The meridian acupoints reflecting the performance of Zang-fu function is not only associated with the spinal cord segment innervating the acupoints,but also associated with the characteristics of the acupoints and the meridians to which the acupoints belong.