In order to present a new method for plugging channeling in oil field,the injection modes and validity period of foam system which plugged the formation water layer were studied by means of the experimental model whic...In order to present a new method for plugging channeling in oil field,the injection modes and validity period of foam system which plugged the formation water layer were studied by means of the experimental model which simulated the real conditions of oil wells existing channeling.Above all,the influence factors including reservoir pressure,permeability,oil saturation and gas-to-liquid ratio were studied through dynamic experiment.Then,in light of the technology characteristics of foam injection in oil field,the comparison between gas-liquid and liquid-gas injection modes was studied.The result shows that the gas-liquid injection mode can ensure the foam injectivity and plugging performance.The plugging validity of nitrogen foam injected into the formation water layer was evaluated in different plugging pressure gradients by the dynamic method which is more reasonable than the static evaluation method in laboratory.The research demonstrates that the plugging validity period of foam decreases with plugging pressure gradient increasing.If the plugging pressure gradient is 0.15 MPa/m,the validity period is 160 h.Finally,a empirical equation and a plate about the plugging validity and the plugging pressure gradient were obtained for forecasting the validity period of foam.展开更多
Primary breakup in a liquid-liquid pintle injector element at different radial jet velocities is investigated to elucidate the impingement morphology,the formation of primary breakup spray half cone angle,the pressure...Primary breakup in a liquid-liquid pintle injector element at different radial jet velocities is investigated to elucidate the impingement morphology,the formation of primary breakup spray half cone angle,the pressure distribution,the liquid diameter distribution,and the liquid velocity distribution.With a sufficient mesh resolution,the liquid morphology can be captured in a physically sound way.A mushroom tip is triggered by a larger radial jet velocity and breakup happens at the tip edge first.Different kinds of ligament breakup patterns due to aerodynamic force and surface tension are captured on the axial sheet.A high pressure core is spotted at the impinging point region.A larger radial jet velocity can feed more disturbances into the impinging point and the axial sheet,generate stronger vortices to promote the breakup process at a longer distance,and form a larger spray half cone angle.Because of the re-collision phenomenon the axial sheet diameter does not decrease monotonically.The inner rim on the axial sheet shows a larger diameter magnitude and a lower velocity magnitude due to surface tension.This paper is expected to provide a reference for the optimum design of a liquid-liquid pintle injector.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the effect and clinical significance of Xuebijing injection on peripheral T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with severe trauma. Methods： Thirty-three patients with severe trauma were...Objective： To investigate the effect and clinical significance of Xuebijing injection on peripheral T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with severe trauma. Methods： Thirty-three patients with severe trauma were randomly divided into a control group （n=16） and a treatment group （n=17）. The patients of two groups were all treated conventionally, and the only difference was that Xuebijing injection was given to patients of the treatment group. The CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ subpopulations of T-lymphocyte in the peripheral blood were detected respectively on admission, 3rd and 5th days after trauma by double antibody labeling and flow cytometry. Results： The CD4^＋ T-lymphocytes and CD4^＋/CD8^＋ ratio of peripheral blood in patients with severe trauma decreased markedly on the 3rd and 5th days after trauma. Furthermore, compared with control group, the peripheral CD4^＋ T-lymphocytes and CD4^＋/CD8^＋ ratio of treatment group renewed obviously on the 5th day after trauma, and showed statistical differences （P〈0.05）. Conelusion： In the treatment of patients with severe trauma, the early use of Xuebijing injection is effective in correcting disorder or suppression of T-lymphocyte subpopulations regulating network, and promoting a more balanced profile of immunologic function.展开更多
基金Project(2006CB705800)supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘In order to present a new method for plugging channeling in oil field,the injection modes and validity period of foam system which plugged the formation water layer were studied by means of the experimental model which simulated the real conditions of oil wells existing channeling.Above all,the influence factors including reservoir pressure,permeability,oil saturation and gas-to-liquid ratio were studied through dynamic experiment.Then,in light of the technology characteristics of foam injection in oil field,the comparison between gas-liquid and liquid-gas injection modes was studied.The result shows that the gas-liquid injection mode can ensure the foam injectivity and plugging performance.The plugging validity of nitrogen foam injected into the formation water layer was evaluated in different plugging pressure gradients by the dynamic method which is more reasonable than the static evaluation method in laboratory.The research demonstrates that the plugging validity period of foam decreases with plugging pressure gradient increasing.If the plugging pressure gradient is 0.15 MPa/m,the validity period is 160 h.Finally,a empirical equation and a plate about the plugging validity and the plugging pressure gradient were obtained for forecasting the validity period of foam.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11572346)。
文摘Primary breakup in a liquid-liquid pintle injector element at different radial jet velocities is investigated to elucidate the impingement morphology,the formation of primary breakup spray half cone angle,the pressure distribution,the liquid diameter distribution,and the liquid velocity distribution.With a sufficient mesh resolution,the liquid morphology can be captured in a physically sound way.A mushroom tip is triggered by a larger radial jet velocity and breakup happens at the tip edge first.Different kinds of ligament breakup patterns due to aerodynamic force and surface tension are captured on the axial sheet.A high pressure core is spotted at the impinging point region.A larger radial jet velocity can feed more disturbances into the impinging point and the axial sheet,generate stronger vortices to promote the breakup process at a longer distance,and form a larger spray half cone angle.Because of the re-collision phenomenon the axial sheet diameter does not decrease monotonically.The inner rim on the axial sheet shows a larger diameter magnitude and a lower velocity magnitude due to surface tension.This paper is expected to provide a reference for the optimum design of a liquid-liquid pintle injector.
基金This study-was supported by the Traditional Chinese Medical Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province （No. 2005C052）.
文摘Objective： To investigate the effect and clinical significance of Xuebijing injection on peripheral T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with severe trauma. Methods： Thirty-three patients with severe trauma were randomly divided into a control group （n=16） and a treatment group （n=17）. The patients of two groups were all treated conventionally, and the only difference was that Xuebijing injection was given to patients of the treatment group. The CD4^＋ and CD8^＋ subpopulations of T-lymphocyte in the peripheral blood were detected respectively on admission, 3rd and 5th days after trauma by double antibody labeling and flow cytometry. Results： The CD4^＋ T-lymphocytes and CD4^＋/CD8^＋ ratio of peripheral blood in patients with severe trauma decreased markedly on the 3rd and 5th days after trauma. Furthermore, compared with control group, the peripheral CD4^＋ T-lymphocytes and CD4^＋/CD8^＋ ratio of treatment group renewed obviously on the 5th day after trauma, and showed statistical differences （P〈0.05）. Conelusion： In the treatment of patients with severe trauma, the early use of Xuebijing injection is effective in correcting disorder or suppression of T-lymphocyte subpopulations regulating network, and promoting a more balanced profile of immunologic function.
