论中国通商银行的人事管理

中国通商银行是中国第一家商业银行,其创办者盛宣怀经办洋务多年,因而在管理上通商银行既体出西方的管理思想,又体出中国传统的管理思想。通商银行在管理上采取了西式的管理框架,而在内部的管理上,尤其在人事方面还是处处体现出了中国传统的管理理念,这就使通商银行的管理必然存在着很大的缺陷,形成了“两张皮”现象。

Effect of outplanting time on commercial cultivation of kelp Laminaria saccharina at the southern limit in the Atlantic coast,N.W.Spain

The aim of the study is to examine the influence of the outplanting time on the cultivation of the kelp Laminaria saccharina in the northwestern Spain, close to its southern limit of distribution in the North Atlantic coast. We compared two L. saccharina cultures outplanted in February and December. We found that the starting time of outplanting affects to the yield and the substantiality value, as well as the growth rate. The yield, the substantiality value and the growth rates of L. saccharina sporophytes obtained for the trial outplanted in December were significantly higher than those in February. These results can be mainly explained by the effect of temperature on the growth of L. saccharina sporophytes during cultivation. On the other hand, our results show that even in the southern limit of distribution of L. saccharina, the cultivation of this species was very profitable in high yield and quality.

外资银行夹击中的中国通商银行——中国通商银行开办初年与外资银行、洋行、厂矿企业的业务往来及其思考

中国通商银行是近代中国第一家官助民办的商业银行。银行成立时 ,计划将银行办成一家跻身世界著名银行之列的中国银行。然而外国殖民侵略者千方百计企图吞并它 ,制造假钞破坏它的正常业务。在外资银行的夹击下 ,银行迭遭亏损 ,经营极为困难。