The pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamics of propranolol (PPL) and its activemetabolite 4-hydroxypropranolol (4-OH-P) was studied on Chinese subJects by single or multipleoral administration. The efficiency of beta-blockad...The pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamics of propranolol (PPL) and its activemetabolite 4-hydroxypropranolol (4-OH-P) was studied on Chinese subJects by single or multipleoral administration. The efficiency of beta-blockade was measured as the reduction of heart rates orblood pressure in the supine and upnght positions during rest or exercise period. After a single doseof 40 mg PPL, the plasma concentration of 4-OH-P was quite high, C (m) max and AUC (m) were26. 1±13.2 ng/ml and 180±69 ng.h/ml respectively, which were 50% and 73% of those of PPL.Whileafter multiple dose administration, the plasma PPL concentration increased much greater than that insingle administration and the 4-OH-P/PPL plasma level ratio fell from 0.79±0.64 at single dose toonly 0.48±0.32 at steady-state. The pharmacodynamic half-life of PPL on inbibiting exercising heart-rate was much longer than the halflife of drug concentration (8.78±2.27 vs 4.23±1.33 h. P<0.0 1).The Css 50. plasma concentration at steady-state producing 50% maximal efficacy, was 44.66±35.24ng/ml. The study showed that 4-OH-P is an important active metabolite of PPL and one of thepossible factors causing the considering variations in the response to PPL in Chinese people.展开更多
Basing on a generalization of Wong＇s equations, the problem of motions for particles in the Lorentz gauge field configuration, which is Schwarzschild-like solution of Yang-Mills equations, is studied. The picture of ...Basing on a generalization of Wong＇s equations, the problem of motions for particles in the Lorentz gauge field configuration, which is Schwarzschild-like solution of Yang-Mills equations, is studied. The picture of interaction between particles with the Lorentz gauge field is described in an analogous manner to that between isotopic-spin-carrying particles and Yang-Mills field. By examining the effective potential and the equations of orbits for particles, it is found that the considered motions possess some qualitative features resembling to motions of particles in a centrally symmetric gravitational field.展开更多
The paper based on the proposed integrative approach to studying music cultures of the Eastern Europe. Come to light the factors of integration promoting interference and enrichment of national musical cultures. The r...The paper based on the proposed integrative approach to studying music cultures of the Eastern Europe. Come to light the factors of integration promoting interference and enrichment of national musical cultures. The region of national composer schools actively joined in world art process in the second half of the 19th century （Czechia, Poland, and Hungary） and in the 20th century （Bulgaria, Slovakia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, and Macedonia） Theme of this paper is to identify the basic principles of this region. The purpose of the work, defining features of the musical cultures of the Eastern European region as a whole, also here highlights the commonality of the creative ideas of representatives of the region--Bartok, Janachek, Martinu, etc.. Method of developing is defined by their orientation to the disclosure of topic. The paper used the comparative-typological and integrated approaches and methods of analysis展开更多
In this paper, a sample including 68 blazars (18 BL Lacs and 50 FSRQs) with known Doppler factors and superluminal velocity from our previous papers is presented. Both the Lorentz factors (/') and viewing angles (...In this paper, a sample including 68 blazars (18 BL Lacs and 50 FSRQs) with known Doppler factors and superluminal velocity from our previous papers is presented. Both the Lorentz factors (/') and viewing angles (0) are estimated for the 68 sources The relationship between BL Lacs and FSRQs is also revisited using the two variables off'and 0. The Lorenz factors are in the range of 2.33 to 64.07. The viewing angles are in the range of 0.04 to 24.56. The averaged value of the viewing angle for BL Lacs is slightly larger than that for FSRQs, while the averaged value of the Lorentz factor for BL Lacs is smaller than that for FSRQs.展开更多
文摘The pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamics of propranolol (PPL) and its activemetabolite 4-hydroxypropranolol (4-OH-P) was studied on Chinese subJects by single or multipleoral administration. The efficiency of beta-blockade was measured as the reduction of heart rates orblood pressure in the supine and upnght positions during rest or exercise period. After a single doseof 40 mg PPL, the plasma concentration of 4-OH-P was quite high, C (m) max and AUC (m) were26. 1±13.2 ng/ml and 180±69 ng.h/ml respectively, which were 50% and 73% of those of PPL.Whileafter multiple dose administration, the plasma PPL concentration increased much greater than that insingle administration and the 4-OH-P/PPL plasma level ratio fell from 0.79±0.64 at single dose toonly 0.48±0.32 at steady-state. The pharmacodynamic half-life of PPL on inbibiting exercising heart-rate was much longer than the halflife of drug concentration (8.78±2.27 vs 4.23±1.33 h. P<0.0 1).The Css 50. plasma concentration at steady-state producing 50% maximal efficacy, was 44.66±35.24ng/ml. The study showed that 4-OH-P is an important active metabolite of PPL and one of thepossible factors causing the considering variations in the response to PPL in Chinese people.
文摘Basing on a generalization of Wong＇s equations, the problem of motions for particles in the Lorentz gauge field configuration, which is Schwarzschild-like solution of Yang-Mills equations, is studied. The picture of interaction between particles with the Lorentz gauge field is described in an analogous manner to that between isotopic-spin-carrying particles and Yang-Mills field. By examining the effective potential and the equations of orbits for particles, it is found that the considered motions possess some qualitative features resembling to motions of particles in a centrally symmetric gravitational field.
文摘The paper based on the proposed integrative approach to studying music cultures of the Eastern Europe. Come to light the factors of integration promoting interference and enrichment of national musical cultures. The region of national composer schools actively joined in world art process in the second half of the 19th century （Czechia, Poland, and Hungary） and in the 20th century （Bulgaria, Slovakia, Romania, Serbia, Slovenia, and Macedonia） Theme of this paper is to identify the basic principles of this region. The purpose of the work, defining features of the musical cultures of the Eastern European region as a whole, also here highlights the commonality of the creative ideas of representatives of the region--Bartok, Janachek, Martinu, etc.. Method of developing is defined by their orientation to the disclosure of topic. The paper used the comparative-typological and integrated approaches and methods of analysis
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10633010 and 11173009)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB 815405)+4 种基金the Bureau of Education of Guangzhou Municipality (Grant No. 11 Sui-Jiao-Ke[2009])Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme(GDUPS) (2009), Yangcheng Scholar Funded Scheme (Grant No.10A027S)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10JJ3020)the Fund of the 11th Five-year Plan for Key Construction Academic Subject (Optics) of Hunan Provincethe research fund of Hunan University of Arts and Science (Grant No. JJZD201101)
文摘In this paper, a sample including 68 blazars (18 BL Lacs and 50 FSRQs) with known Doppler factors and superluminal velocity from our previous papers is presented. Both the Lorentz factors (/') and viewing angles (0) are estimated for the 68 sources The relationship between BL Lacs and FSRQs is also revisited using the two variables off'and 0. The Lorenz factors are in the range of 2.33 to 64.07. The viewing angles are in the range of 0.04 to 24.56. The averaged value of the viewing angle for BL Lacs is slightly larger than that for FSRQs, while the averaged value of the Lorentz factor for BL Lacs is smaller than that for FSRQs.
