Objectives:The integrated model of frailty shifted the physiologically-dominated view to an integrated and multidisciplinary view of frailty and adopted an integrated and holistic approach to the complex challenges fa...Objectives:The integrated model of frailty shifted the physiologically-dominated view to an integrated and multidisciplinary view of frailty and adopted an integrated and holistic approach to the complex challenges facing frail older adults and their caregivers.There is an urgent need for researchers to identify multi-faceted frailty among older adults and to explore contributors to it.We assessed the level of frailty among older residents in long-term care(LTC)facilities in Shanghai,China and explored risk factors of multiple dimensions of frailty among older residents.Methods:It is a cross-sectional descriptive study.We interviewed 218 older residents from nine LTC facilities.We used Tilburg Frailty Indicator to assess older residents’physiological,psychological,and social frailty.The Geriatric Depression Scale,Mini-Mental state examination,Athens Insomnia Scale,and Activity of Daily Living(ADL)Scale were used to assess their depressive symptoms,cognitive function,sleep quality and ADL abilities,respectively.Results:Older residents have a moderate level of frailty in physiological,psychological and social domains.There is a high correlation among dimensions of frailty.Older residents’depressive symptoms have remained positively associated with their overall and each domain of frailty.Older residents’actual activity participation and exercise in LTC facilities are negatively associated with older residents’overall,physiological and social frailty.Conclusions:Frailty is a multi-dimensional concept and is prevalent among older residents in LTC facilities.It is important to take an integrated view on frailty and carry out appropriate and comprehensive interventions to prevent adverse outcomes and provide holistic care for frail older residents in LTC facilities.There is an urgent need to improve the quality and expand the number of activities offered within LTC facilities that would engage older residents in a person-centered way,despite their age,ADL abilities,frailty and functional limitations.展开更多
Objectives To evaluate the association between a KCNQ 1 mutation, R259H, and short QT syndrome （SQTS） and to explore the elec- trophysiological mechanisms underlying their association. Methods We performed genetic s...Objectives To evaluate the association between a KCNQ 1 mutation, R259H, and short QT syndrome （SQTS） and to explore the elec- trophysiological mechanisms underlying their association. Methods We performed genetic screening of SQTS genes in 25 probands and their family members （63 patients）. We used direct sequencing to screen the exons and intron-exon boundaries of candidate genes that en- code ion channels which contribute to the repolarization of the ventricular action potential, including KCNQI, KCNH2, KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNJ2, CACNAlc, CACNB2b and CACNA2D1. In one of the 25 SQTS probands screened, we discovered a KCNQ1 mutation, R259H. We cloned R259H and transiently expressed it in HEK-293 cells; then, currents were recorded using whole cell patch clamp techniques. Results R259H-KCNQ 1 showed significantly increased current density, which was approximately 3-fold larger than that of wild type （WT） after a depolarizing pulse at 1 s. The steady state voltage dependence of the activation and inactivation did not show significant differences between the WT and R259H mutation （P 〉 0.05）, whereas the time constant of deactivation was markedly prolonged in the mutant compared with the WT in terms of the test potentials, which indicated that the deactivation of R259H was markedly slower than that of the WT. These results suggested that the R259H mutation can effectively increase the slowly activated delayed rectifier potassium current （Irs） in phase 3 of the cardiac action potential, which may be an infrequent cause of QT interval shortening. Conclusions R259H is a gain-of-function muta- tion of the KCNQ1 channel that is responsible for SQTS2. This is the first time that the R259H mutation was detected in Chinese people.展开更多
Many Middle Asia countries declaring their independence after the splitting of the Soviet Union, cannot meet the economical and social needs of their citizens by falling much behind of the era in terms of industry des...Many Middle Asia countries declaring their independence after the splitting of the Soviet Union, cannot meet the economical and social needs of their citizens by falling much behind of the era in terms of industry despite the natural wealth they have. In addition to all these, the problems in the ruling class and the chaos environment have resulted in the migration of many people to alternative living spaces. These migrations have affected labor market both positively and negatively besides the social life. The labor demand increased by the entrance of the immigrants into the market has affected the employee wages and also this situation has affected the life standards of the citizens In this study, the migration that took place in the countries established after the splitting of the Soviet Union, forming one of the two poles of the world before the cold war, and the effects of this migration on the labor market have been analyzed considering previous studies on the subject. The studies carried out on this subject have yielded various results according to the area in which it is carried out, the time interval it includes, and the period＇s structure For this reason, the points of views on the subject are compared by making a long literature review展开更多
Reading strategies are different from identifying the words, but a kind of metacognitive activity based on the monitoring mode. This paper will explore Chinese English learners＇ text reading strategies according to t...Reading strategies are different from identifying the words, but a kind of metacognitive activity based on the monitoring mode. This paper will explore Chinese English learners＇ text reading strategies according to the cognitive process of the reading, hoping for providing some suggestions and references for Chinese college students to learn English well and improve the text reading ability.展开更多
China Low Activation Martensitic （CLAM） steel is being studied to develop the structural materials for a fusion reactor, which has been designed based on the well-known 9Crl.5WVTa steel. The effect of tempering temp...China Low Activation Martensitic （CLAM） steel is being studied to develop the structural materials for a fusion reactor, which has been designed based on the well-known 9Crl.5WVTa steel. The effect of tempering temperature on hardness and micro- structure of CLAM steel was studied. The strength of CLAM steel increased by adding silicon, and the ductility remained con- stant. Conversely, while CLAM steel maintained good ductility with the addition of yttrium, its tensile strengths were greatly degraded. Behaviors under electron irradiation of CLAM steel were examined using the high voltage electron microscope. Electron irradiation at 450℃ formed many voids in CLAM steel with basic composition, whereas CLAM with silicon steel did not change the microstructure significantly.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Fudan University Nursing Research Foundation(Fund#FNF201706).
文摘Objectives:The integrated model of frailty shifted the physiologically-dominated view to an integrated and multidisciplinary view of frailty and adopted an integrated and holistic approach to the complex challenges facing frail older adults and their caregivers.There is an urgent need for researchers to identify multi-faceted frailty among older adults and to explore contributors to it.We assessed the level of frailty among older residents in long-term care(LTC)facilities in Shanghai,China and explored risk factors of multiple dimensions of frailty among older residents.Methods:It is a cross-sectional descriptive study.We interviewed 218 older residents from nine LTC facilities.We used Tilburg Frailty Indicator to assess older residents’physiological,psychological,and social frailty.The Geriatric Depression Scale,Mini-Mental state examination,Athens Insomnia Scale,and Activity of Daily Living(ADL)Scale were used to assess their depressive symptoms,cognitive function,sleep quality and ADL abilities,respectively.Results:Older residents have a moderate level of frailty in physiological,psychological and social domains.There is a high correlation among dimensions of frailty.Older residents’depressive symptoms have remained positively associated with their overall and each domain of frailty.Older residents’actual activity participation and exercise in LTC facilities are negatively associated with older residents’overall,physiological and social frailty.Conclusions:Frailty is a multi-dimensional concept and is prevalent among older residents in LTC facilities.It is important to take an integrated view on frailty and carry out appropriate and comprehensive interventions to prevent adverse outcomes and provide holistic care for frail older residents in LTC facilities.There is an urgent need to improve the quality and expand the number of activities offered within LTC facilities that would engage older residents in a person-centered way,despite their age,ADL abilities,frailty and functional limitations.
基金grants obtained from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.： 81170177, 81030002） and science and Technology De- partment of Gansu Province Project （145RJZ104）.
文摘Objectives To evaluate the association between a KCNQ 1 mutation, R259H, and short QT syndrome （SQTS） and to explore the elec- trophysiological mechanisms underlying their association. Methods We performed genetic screening of SQTS genes in 25 probands and their family members （63 patients）. We used direct sequencing to screen the exons and intron-exon boundaries of candidate genes that en- code ion channels which contribute to the repolarization of the ventricular action potential, including KCNQI, KCNH2, KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNJ2, CACNAlc, CACNB2b and CACNA2D1. In one of the 25 SQTS probands screened, we discovered a KCNQ1 mutation, R259H. We cloned R259H and transiently expressed it in HEK-293 cells; then, currents were recorded using whole cell patch clamp techniques. Results R259H-KCNQ 1 showed significantly increased current density, which was approximately 3-fold larger than that of wild type （WT） after a depolarizing pulse at 1 s. The steady state voltage dependence of the activation and inactivation did not show significant differences between the WT and R259H mutation （P 〉 0.05）, whereas the time constant of deactivation was markedly prolonged in the mutant compared with the WT in terms of the test potentials, which indicated that the deactivation of R259H was markedly slower than that of the WT. These results suggested that the R259H mutation can effectively increase the slowly activated delayed rectifier potassium current （Irs） in phase 3 of the cardiac action potential, which may be an infrequent cause of QT interval shortening. Conclusions R259H is a gain-of-function muta- tion of the KCNQ1 channel that is responsible for SQTS2. This is the first time that the R259H mutation was detected in Chinese people.
文摘Many Middle Asia countries declaring their independence after the splitting of the Soviet Union, cannot meet the economical and social needs of their citizens by falling much behind of the era in terms of industry despite the natural wealth they have. In addition to all these, the problems in the ruling class and the chaos environment have resulted in the migration of many people to alternative living spaces. These migrations have affected labor market both positively and negatively besides the social life. The labor demand increased by the entrance of the immigrants into the market has affected the employee wages and also this situation has affected the life standards of the citizens In this study, the migration that took place in the countries established after the splitting of the Soviet Union, forming one of the two poles of the world before the cold war, and the effects of this migration on the labor market have been analyzed considering previous studies on the subject. The studies carried out on this subject have yielded various results according to the area in which it is carried out, the time interval it includes, and the period＇s structure For this reason, the points of views on the subject are compared by making a long literature review
文摘Reading strategies are different from identifying the words, but a kind of metacognitive activity based on the monitoring mode. This paper will explore Chinese English learners＇ text reading strategies according to the cognitive process of the reading, hoping for providing some suggestions and references for Chinese college students to learn English well and improve the text reading ability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50971030)the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant Nos. 2009GB109004 and 2011GB108004)
文摘China Low Activation Martensitic （CLAM） steel is being studied to develop the structural materials for a fusion reactor, which has been designed based on the well-known 9Crl.5WVTa steel. The effect of tempering temperature on hardness and micro- structure of CLAM steel was studied. The strength of CLAM steel increased by adding silicon, and the ductility remained con- stant. Conversely, while CLAM steel maintained good ductility with the addition of yttrium, its tensile strengths were greatly degraded. Behaviors under electron irradiation of CLAM steel were examined using the high voltage electron microscope. Electron irradiation at 450℃ formed many voids in CLAM steel with basic composition, whereas CLAM with silicon steel did not change the microstructure significantly.
