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老化玉米种子修复处理后的活力效应研究 被引量:7
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作者 马俊华 刘建军 +2 位作者 乔燕祥 王自霞 周晓梅 《玉米科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第4期101-104,共4页
以玉米自交系Mo17种子为试材,对不同老化水平的玉米种子进行氯化钙(CaCl2)、抗坏血酸(AsA)、聚乙二醇(PEG)、青霉素(Penicillin)和赤霉素(GA3)修复处理。结果表明,500 mg/L AsA对Mo17老化玉米种子的活力修复效果明显;0.015 mg/LCaCl2对... 以玉米自交系Mo17种子为试材,对不同老化水平的玉米种子进行氯化钙(CaCl2)、抗坏血酸(AsA)、聚乙二醇(PEG)、青霉素(Penicillin)和赤霉素(GA3)修复处理。结果表明,500 mg/L AsA对Mo17老化玉米种子的活力修复效果明显;0.015 mg/LCaCl2对不同老化程度的玉米种子修复范围较宽,修复作用较好;100 mg/L Penicillin处理只对中活力玉米种子有修复作用;500 mg/L GA3对不同老化程度玉米种子的修复作用不明显;20%PEG处理对老化玉米种子没有修复作用,且加速了高活力种子的活力衰退。500 mg/LAsA处理老化玉米种子其修复效应明显,修复作用比较温和,在生产中能提高发芽率70%以下的玉米种子活力,是较为理想的修复剂。 展开更多
关键词 玉米种子 老化 修复处理 活力效应
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噻虫嗪种子处理防治水稻蓟马及其对秧苗生长的影响 被引量:10
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作者 唐涛 刘都才 +1 位作者 刘雪源 马国兰 《中国农学通报》 CSCD 2014年第16期299-305,共7页
研究噻虫嗪种衣剂的科学合理施用技术,旨在解决传统施药过程中劳动强度大的问题。2010—2012年,采用田间小区试验,探索噻虫嗪种子处理对水稻秧苗生长的影响及其对稻蓟马的防治效果。试验结果表明,以噻虫嗪不同剂型(70%WS、30%FS)对水... 研究噻虫嗪种衣剂的科学合理施用技术,旨在解决传统施药过程中劳动强度大的问题。2010—2012年,采用田间小区试验,探索噻虫嗪种子处理对水稻秧苗生长的影响及其对稻蓟马的防治效果。试验结果表明,以噻虫嗪不同剂型(70%WS、30%FS)对水稻种子进行包衣浸种或浸种包衣处理后,其抗寒能力明显增强;同时,该药剂对出苗率、成苗率以及对成苗后的水稻秧苗生长具有一定的促进作用。此外,25 g/L咯菌腈FS中加入30%噻虫嗪FS能有效控制稻蓟马为害,播后23-30天的卷尖率为2.00%-24.77%,明显低于不施药处理(41.33%-88.87%)。 展开更多
关键词 噻虫嗪 种子处理 水稻 稻蓟马 秧苗素质 抗寒能力 活力效应
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Addition of Urban Waste to Semiarid Degraded Soil:Long-term Effect 被引量:10
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作者 F.BASTIDA J.L.MORENO +1 位作者 C.GARC■A T.HERNNDEZ 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2007年第5期557-567,共11页
The addition of municipal solid wastes (MSW) is considered as a possible strategy for soil rehabilitation in southeast Spain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term (17 years) effect of five dos... The addition of municipal solid wastes (MSW) is considered as a possible strategy for soil rehabilitation in southeast Spain. The objective of this study was to evaluate the long-term (17 years) effect of five doses of MSW addition on the microbiological, biochemical, and physical properties of semiarid soil. Increased values of several parameters that serve as indicators of general microbiological activity, such as, basal respiration, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or dehydrogenase activity; microbial population size (microbial biomass C), and extracellular hydrolase activity related to macronutrient cycles, such as, urease, 3-glucosidase, and N-a-benzoyl-L-argininamide protease, were observed in the amended soils. The highest MSW doses showed the highest values in these hydrolase activities. The incorporation of municipal waste resulted in a more dense development of the plant cover, 50% greater in higher doses than in the control treatment, which generated a substantial increase in several C fractions. Total organic carbon reached 12 g kg^-1 soil with the highest MSW doses, compared to 4.30 g kg^-1 soil in the control treatment. The physical properties of the soil were also improved, showing greater percentage of stable aggregates and water holding capacity. Positive correlation coefficients between C fractions and parameters related to microbial activity and aggregate stability were observed. Although these improvements were greater in the soils receiving the highest doses of organic amendment, the increases were not proportional to the amount added, demonstrating the existence of a threshold, above which an increase in the amount of organic matter added is not reflected in an increase in the soil's physical, biochemical, and microbiological properties. However, the addition of municipal solid wastes proved its suitability for improving soil quality, thereby indicating the potential of such an amendment, to prevent desertification in Mediterranean areas such as those studied. 展开更多
关键词 enzyme activities long-term effect microbial biomass C municipal solid waste RESPIRATION
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Temperature Effect on Boron Adsorption-Desorption Kinetics in Soils 被引量:3
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作者 ZHUDUANWEI SHILEI 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1999年第3期243-250,共8页
The effect of temperature on the properties of boron adsorption-desorption in brown-red soil, yellowbrown soil and calcareous alluvial soil of Hubei Province was investigated with the mobile displacement technique. Th... The effect of temperature on the properties of boron adsorption-desorption in brown-red soil, yellowbrown soil and calcareous alluvial soil of Hubei Province was investigated with the mobile displacement technique. The experimental data of B adsorption-desorption amounts and reaction t line at 25 and 40℃ were fitted by the zero-order, first-order and parabolic diffusion kinetic equations. The adsorption process was in conformity with the parabolic diffusion law at both the temperatures, and the values of rate constant of the parabolic diffusion equation in B adsorption were 0.138, 0.124 and 0.105 mg kg-1 min-1/2 at 25℃, and 0.147, 0.146 and 0.135 mg kg-1 min-1/2 at 40℃ for the brown-red soil, yellow-brown soil, and calcareous alluvial soil, respectively. The relationship between amount of B desorption and reaction time could be well described by the first-order kinetic equation, and the corresponding values of rate constant were 0.0422, 0.0563 and 0.0384 min-1 at 25℃, and 0.0408, 0.042 3 and 0.0401 min-1 at 40℃ for the brown-red soil, the yellow-brown soil and the calcareous alluvial soil, respectively. Therefore, the desorption process of B might be related to the amount of B adsorbed in soil. The higher the temperature, the lower the amount of B adsorption for the same soil in the same reaction time. The values of the apparent activation energy of B adsorption in the three soils calculated with the rate constants of parabolic diffusion equation were 3.27, 8.44 and 12.99 kJ mol-1, respectively, based on the experimental data of B adsorption amounts and reaction time at 25 and 40℃. 展开更多
关键词 activation energy ADSORPTION-DESORPTION hinetics soil boron TEMPERATURE
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Acute toxicity effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate on sperm vitality,kinematics and fertilization success in zebrafish 被引量:2
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作者 夏继刚 牛翠娟 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第4期723-728,共6页
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has emerged as one of the most concerning contaminants in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity effect of PFOS on sperm viability, kinematics and fertiliza... Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has emerged as one of the most concerning contaminants in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity effect of PFOS on sperm viability, kinematics and fertilization success in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Sperm were activated in aqueous media containing a range of PFOS concentrations (0, 0.09, 0.9 and 9 mg/L). Viabilities and kinematics of the sperm exposed to different PFOS treatments were assessed via computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) at 20, 40, 60, and 80 s after activation. PFOS exposure decreased the percentage of motile sperm, the curvilinear velocity (VCL), and the mean angular displacement (MAD) of spermatozoa, but showed no influence on the straight- line velocity (VSL) or the angular path velocity (VAP). Furthermore, a significant decrease in fertilization success was observed in spermatozoa that were exposed to 0.9 mg/L PFOS or more. These findings indicate that PFOS pollution in natural aquatic environment may be a potential threaten to successful reproduction of fish. 展开更多
关键词 perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) acute toxicity sperm viability sperm kinematics fertilization Success
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Heritability and genetic correlation of survival in turbot(Scophthalmus maximus) 被引量:7
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作者 王新安 马爱军 +1 位作者 黄智慧 周洲 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第6期1200-1205,共6页
We analyzed the survival data of the offspring from 21 sires and 42 dams of turbot. The results show that the cumulative survival rates for turbot from 2 to 18 months range from 17.5% to 28.5% main mortality occurred ... We analyzed the survival data of the offspring from 21 sires and 42 dams of turbot. The results show that the cumulative survival rates for turbot from 2 to 18 months range from 17.5% to 28.5% main mortality occurred during months 2-5; and the highest survival rates of families were 97.9%, 98.8%, 99.4%, 99.7% during months 2-5, 5-6, 6-8, 8-11, and ll-18, respectively, and 99.5%, being 53.5%, 23.8%, 19.5%, 14.9%, and 13.2% higher, respectively, than the mean values in each period. In all periods, the estimated heritabilities for survival were very low without significant difference from zero (P〉0.05) (values ranged from 0.06 to 0.12), indicating low additive genetic effects. The genetic correlations of survival among families in different periods were all positive, but low in magnitude (values range from 0.03 to 0.31). Genetic correlations between long-term survival and other periods' survival had negative values (-0.06 and -0.15) and three positive values (0.16, 0.12 and 0.14). Genetic correlations between survival and weight were all positive, except for survival at months 2-5 and weight at 18 months, which was not significantly negative (-0.18). 展开更多
关键词 Scophthalmus maximus L. SURVIVAL HERITABILITY genetic correlation
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Preventing Coal and Gas Outburst Using Methane Hydration 被引量:29
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作者 吴强 何学秋 《Journal of China University of Mining and Technology》 2003年第1期7-10,共4页
According to the characteristics of the methane hydrate condensing and accumulating methane, authors put forward a new technique thought way to prevent the accident of coal and gas outburst by urging the methane in th... According to the characteristics of the methane hydrate condensing and accumulating methane, authors put forward a new technique thought way to prevent the accident of coal and gas outburst by urging the methane in the coal seams to form hydrate. The paper analyzes the feasibility of forming the methane hydrate in the coal seam from the several sides, such as, temperature,pressure, and gas components, and the primary trial results indicate the problems should be settled before the industrialization appliance realized. 展开更多
关键词 methane hydrate GAS coalbed temperature PRESSURE coal and gas outburst
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Solar-heating boosted catalytic reduction of CO_(2) under full-solar spectrum 被引量:2
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作者 Hongjia Wang Yanjie Wang +3 位作者 Lingju Guo Xuehua Zhang Caue Ribeiro Tao He 《Chinese Journal of Catalysis》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2020年第1期131-139,共9页
Catalytic converting CO2 into fuels with the help of solar energy is regarded as‘dream reaction’,as both energy crisis and environmental issue can be mitigated simultaneously.However,it is still suffering from low e... Catalytic converting CO2 into fuels with the help of solar energy is regarded as‘dream reaction’,as both energy crisis and environmental issue can be mitigated simultaneously.However,it is still suffering from low efficiency due to narrow solar-spectrum utilization and sluggish heterogeneous reaction kinetics.In this work,we demonstrate that catalytic reduction of CO2 can be achieved over Au nanoparticles(NPs)deposited rutile under full solar-spectrum irradiation,boosted by solar-heating effect.We found that UV and visible light can initiate the reaction,and the heat from IR light and local surface-plasmon resonance relaxation of Au NPs can boost the reaction kinetically.The apparent activation energy is determined experimentally and is used to explain the superior catalytic activity of Au/rutile to rutile in a kinetic way.We also find the photo-thermal synergy in the Au/rutile system.We envision that this work may facilitate understanding the kinetics of CO2 reduction and developing feasible catalytic systems with full solar spectrum utilization for practical artificial photosynthesis. 展开更多
关键词 CO_(2) reduction Apparent activation energy Reaction kinetics Solar heating Photo-thermal synergy
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Casimir Force on a Piston in Randall-Sundrum Models
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作者 程红波 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第6期1125-1132,共8页
The Casimir effect of a piston for massless scalar fields which satisfy Dirichlet boundary conditions in the context of five-dimensional Randall- Sundrum models is studied. In these scenarios we derive and calculate t... The Casimir effect of a piston for massless scalar fields which satisfy Dirichlet boundary conditions in the context of five-dimensional Randall- Sundrum models is studied. In these scenarios we derive and calculate the expression for the Casimir force on the piston. We also discuss the Casimir force in the limit that one outer plate is moved to the remote place to show that the nature of the reduced force between the parallel plates left. In the Randall^undrum model involving two branes the two plates attract each other when they locate very closely, but the reduced Casimir force turns to be repulsive as the plates separation is not extremely tiny, which is against the experimental phenomena, meaning that the RSI model can not be acceptable. In the case of one brane model the shape of the reduced Casimir force is similar to that of the standard two-parallel-system in the four-dimensional fiat spacetimes while the sign of force remains negative. 展开更多
关键词 Casimir force Randall-Sundrum model
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