杭州市商业街区空间活力特征与影响因素研究——基于多源数据的湖滨商业街区实证

商业街区活力特征与影响因素的循证式研究有助于促进商业街区的繁荣发展。针对杭州湖滨商业街区,基于城市定量研究方法和多源精细化数据,构建多维度指标体系,从街区和地块两个层面探究了商业街区建成环境特征与街区活力的内在关系。研究表明:湖滨商业街区活力呈现出“一核一轴”的分布格局;以延安路为界东西部的街区活力分别呈现出以日常性社会生活为主和以节假日消费为主的差异性;街区的功能密度、地铁出入口距离、功能混合度和形态紧凑度是影响杭州市湖滨商业街区活力的主要因素。在证实现有湖滨商业街区重点区域改造有助于活力提升的基础上,进而提出将商业街区活力分流,疏解商业和交通压力,促进商业街区整体性的活力提升。

基于活力特征分析的城市广场公共空间研究——以杭州市民广场为例

城市广场是城市文化风貌的展廊,更是市民公共活动的主要载体。为探究杭州市城市广场的使用现状以及优化策略,文章结合对杭州市市民广场的物质空间以及使用者行为的观察,使用层次分析法建立评价指标体系,得出影响城市广场公共空间活力的主要因素。在活力评价指标的基础上,分析市民广场不同功能区块的主要使用人群、活动类型及活跃度、移动轨迹及驻留位置等。

基于游客行为的杭州上塘河滨河景观带活力特征研究

【目的】具有千年历史的杭州上塘河正遭遇活力不足的困境。探讨杭州上塘河滨河景观带活力特征,可为激活运河城市滨河景观带空间活力提供理论支撑。【方法】以上塘河一级缓冲区内的8个样地[城北体育公园(A_(1))、东新门广场(A_(2))、永丰公园(A_(3))、望宸公园(A_(4))、水陆院遗址(A_(5))、千桃园(A_(6))、天都公园(A_(7))、西洋桥公园(A_(8))]景观空间为研究对象,采用行为注记法对上塘河滨河景观带进行了活力特征调查,采用聚类分析和核密度估算法(KDE法)对调查结果进行分析。【结果】①从人群维度来看,人群多元化指标从大到小依次为A_(3)、A_(6)、A_(1)、A_(7)、A_(5)、A_(2)、A_(8)、A_(4),行为多样性从大到小依次为A_(6)、A_(7)、A_(5)、A_(2)、A_(1)、A_(8)、A_(3)、A_(4),主要原因是A_(3)、A_(6)水岸空间多元复合,历史文化遗址、景观性设施等吸引人们开展自发性活动。②从时间维度来看,人群活动的波动系数从大到小依次为A_(6)、A_(7)、A_(2)、A_(5)、A_(3)、A_(1)、A_(8)、A_(4),活动时长大于30 min的人数从多到少依次为A_(6)、A_(1)、A_(8)、A_(2)、A_(3)、A_(7)、A_(5)、A_(4)。主要原因为A_(6)、A_(1)内有滨河夜景、文化活动和完善的配套设施能延长人群驻留时间。③从空间维度来看,活动强度从大到小依次为A_(6)、A_(1)、A_(3)、A_(7)、A_(2)、A_(5)、A_(8)、A_(4),单位时间段的人群聚集密度从高到低依次为A_(1)、A_(2)、A_(6)、A_(3)、A_(5)、A_(7)、A_(8)、A_(4)。主要原因是人群空间分布会受到空间边界、空间活动面积、空间围合感、周边用地性质、周边人口密度等多因素影响。【结论】营建复合滨河景观,促进空间多元功能融合,挖掘山水、人文景源,增设景观装置小品,完善基础配套设施,营造活力水岸夜景,举办文化互动活动,是提升上塘河滨河景观带活力的有效措施。

益阳市商业街区空间活力特征研究——以福中福商业中心为例

商业街是城市中最具有生机与活力的公共空间。然而随着当代社会经济的迅速发展和城市化的加速,许多城市都出现了大规模的商业中心建设。针对许多商业街出现的经济萧条、商业氛围消褪以及活力丧失等一系列深层次的问题和矛盾,从空间活力的角度去探析这一现象,认为准确的定位、合理的选址、可达性强的交通、复合化的功能、多样化的业态、舒适的场所以及科学的管理才是营造旺盛的商业街区空间活力的保障。

基于街景数据的空间感知与活力特征探究——以昆明老城为例

街道作为城市公共空间的重要组成部分,在城市的健康、生态、安全和经济发展中发挥重要作用。文章基于开源城市感知模型,从美丽、安全、有趣、富裕、无聊、沉闷等6个维度量化昆明老城的街道空间感知质量,解析行人感知质量与街道活力分布的空间特征,探寻街道视觉元素和使用者主观感知的相关性,以期为存量规划背景下街道空间环境的精细化更新改造提供辅助支持。

活力特征视角下荆州奥体中心广场空间初探

随着《全民健身计划纲要》的实施和人们追求高质量健康生活理念的不断深入,城市体育馆及周边广场成为市民公共活动的重要载体。以湖北荆州奥林匹克体育中心广场为例,对人群活动轨迹、场地设施规划、功能空间多元有机聚合、自然生态向度进行研究,以期为城市体育馆广场公共空间设计实践提供参考。

城市滨水公园活力时空特征及影响因素研究——以昆明市为例

滨水公园是城市蓝色空间的重要组成部分,其活力的提升对宜居性城市建设具有重要意义。以昆明市24个典型的滨水公园为例,利用手机信令数据分析其不同时段的活力时空特征及影响因素。在已有的研究基础上提出活力峰度和偏度,分析不同时段滨水公园活力的时空分布特征;从服务、交通、景观三个维度利用地理探测器分析滨水公园的活力驱动因子及其交互作用。结果表明:(1)昆明市滨水公园活力时间分布呈现出“早晚低谷,午后高峰”的特征,活力高峰都出现在下午,但工作日的活力高峰较休息日向后推迟;工作日滨水公园活力集聚明显,高峰突出;休息日则高峰分散,活力较为均衡;在空间上活力值围绕滇池呈现“北高南低,东部聚集”的特征。(2)在活力影响因素方面,滨水公园1000m内各类设施的功能混合度是影响不同时段活力的共性因素,此外,工作日500m的交通路网密度以及公交站点数量的影响较为显著,而在休息日与CBD的距离以及水域面积的影响较为显著;滨水公园活力的受到多维度因子共同作用的影响,景观维度的影响因子与其他维度的影响因子交互作用最显著。基于此为进一步提升昆明市滨水公园活力从功能完善、空间协调、设施配置、景观提升角度提出了优化建议。

浅议城市公共空间活力与特征

通过大量的相关资料综合分析,高度总结并概括出城市公共空间的活力因素,以指导如何在实践中去创造富有活力的城市公共空间。

湖泊和地下水中异养细菌群落结构和生理特征的比较研究

对武汉东湖三个定点观测站和潜江市一深水机井中异养细菌群落的种群组成、对不同基质的反应、菌株和群落的生理特征和活力水平等方面比较研究结果表明:环境差异较小的东湖Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ站异养细菌群落间的差异亦较小,具有类似的结构特征和生理活力水平,对特定基质表现了相似的作用模式;地下水中的异养细菌群落在上述几方面均显示了明显的差别。此外,在异养细菌群落结构和功能研究方法上亦是有益的探讨。

时空分异视角下寒地城市空间活力研究

寒地城市的空间活力是城市空间品质塑造的重要指标。哈尔滨市在历史的发展建设中,融合了中西方不同的规划思想,在城市中既有西式的“小街区、密路网”型街区,又包含中式“大院制、宽马路”型街区。文中选取了哈尔滨市6个具有不同时空建设特征的街区展开研究,包括传统街区和现代街区。运用人口热力分析、矢量分析、核密度分析、混合度分析、空间句法等方法,从空间、功能和交通三个层面揭示了寒地城市街区的空间活力要素及规划特征。

历史文化街区商业集聚与空间活力相关性分析

随着我国社会经济和城市发展步入新时期,历史街区业态组织和提升成为历史传承与发展以及街区活力提升的关键。本文利用POI数据,以太平街历史文化街区为研究对象,分析各类商业密度空间分布的相关性,结合网络分析方法和业态对应的消费群体,对业态模式进行整合归纳;通过量化街区活力指标识别街区空间特征,进而探讨业态模式与街区活力特征的相关性。从街区层面探索各类商业布局模式及集聚特征,为历史街区更新商业组织、空间布局及商业动态管理等方面提供一定的参考。

Characteristics of Retoon Rice Yield Components and Relationship of the Characteristics with Rate of Bud Emergence and Root Activity

[Objective] The aim was to study on characteristics of retoon rice yield components, and relationship of the characteristics with born bud rate and root ac- tivity of retoon rice before harvesting. [Method] Eighteen mid-season hybrid rice va- rieties approved recently were taken as materials in high-yield cultivation conditions. Characteristics of retoon rice yield components were analyzed, and relationship of yield components characteristics with the rate of bud emergence and root activity of retoon rice before harvesting was explored, based on related data. [Result] Highly- yielding retoon rice is characterized by high effective ear number （Xl） and high set- ting percentage （X4）; the number of germinated shoots the 5^＊ d after first-batch rice was cut is a key factor for retoon rice yield and was of positive correlation with re- toon rice seedlings and effective ears, with correlation coefficients at 0.80^＊＊ and 0.76^＊＊. In addition, bleeding sap was of positive correlation with grain number and setting percentage of retoon rice and correlation coefficients were 0.50^＊ and 0.48^＊＊, and of positive correlation with average panicle weight, with correlation coefficient at 0.63. [Conclusion] It is an effective way for the rate of bud emergence and root activity at lar ecological zones. mproving retoon rice yield to increase harvesting in the test sites and simi lar ecological zones.

Influence of Surrounding Large Earthquakes on Moderate Earthquake Activity within Xinjiang

Based on the statistical results of the relationship between the large earthquakes surrounding Xinjiang and moderate earthquakes within Xinjiang since 1950,this article calculates the Coulomb failure stress change produced by the three groups of large earthquakes surrounding Xinjiang during the large earthquake active period outside Xinjiang and the quiet period inside Xinjiang from 1976 to 2007,and analyzes Xinjiang's moderate earthquake activity features in the three years after the large earthquakes surrounding Xinjiang. It then discusses the influence of large earthquake activity surrounding Xinjiang on seismic activity within Xinjiang. The research results show that the large earthquake activity surrounding Xinjiang may to a certain extent slow down the preparation process of moderate earthquakes in Xinjiang.

Physical Dynamics and the Influences of the Environment Built on Subbasins

The fields of engineering, architecture and urbanism ought to ponder on constructive changes to be employed in the environment. Environmental vulnerability usually reaches sites with greater abundance of water resources that are exposed to contaminable factors, which usually become residential expansion areas, and often extrapolate city boundaries. The general objective of this study is to assess physical characteristics of the subbasins of the Curtume and Agua Preta streams, located in the Paraiba do Sul watershed in the municipality of Pindamonhangaba, in the state of Sao Paulo （SP）, Brazil. The current situation regarding this environment, based on soil type and morphometric and physiographic attributes, is specifically sought to be identified. The results show the morphological and physiographic relationships with the hydrological data that determine the natural pattern of the site, associated with anthropic actions that characterize potentialities and vulnerabilities of the area, thus determining environmental dynamics. The results demonstrate that urban sprawl and residential constructions in subbasin conservation areas should occur in a planned and strategic manner, without advancing to water conservation areas.

Spacial Distribution Characteristics, Activity and Degradation Capability of the Biofilm in Integrated Vertical-flow Constructed Wetland

The spacial distribution characteristics, activity and degradation capability of the biofilm in integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland were investigated. Results showed that the biofilm widely distributed in the substrate of integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland and mainly in the 0-10 cm top layer where the activity ofdehydrogenase of the biofilm was also higher than that of other layers. The water quality could also affect the activity of the biofilm, for the TF（1,3,5-Triphenylformazan） amount reduced by the biofim incubated in water of the higher eutrophication was larger, too. The PCP （pentachlorophenol） removal rate by the substrate with biofilm was 1.5 times that without biofilm. In total, the biofilm of the down-flow chamber appeared larger biomass, higher dehydrogenase activity and stronger degradation capability of organic contamination than that in up-flow chamber and it was the major place for removal of the organic matters in waste water.

Optimization of cross angle based on the pumping dynamics model

The single cylinder and multi-cylinder pumping dynamics model of a swash plate piston pump were improved.Particular attention has been paid to the design influences of key parts of the valve plate such as relief groove,pre-compression/ expansion and fluid inertia effect of the unsteady flow.Some important parameters,such as the discharge area,discharge coefficient,fluid bulk modulus,were especially analyzed using numerical methods or by experiment-based estimation.Consequently,the mathematical results of pressure pulsation and flow ripple agree well with experimental results from the test-rig of the flow ripple.Therefore,the cross angle and the pre-compression angle of the valve plate was optimized,based on the pumping dynamics model.Considering both the flow ripple and the cylinder pressure of the pump,the cross angle is set to be 2.2° to 2.7° with a pre-compression angle of 1.7° to 2.2°,so the pumping dynamics character can obtain the best result.