城乡均衡:幼儿园“活力运动”体系的萧山实践

为了推进浙江省杭州市萧山区城乡幼儿园均衡发展,本文精准定位城乡幼儿园特点,提出了“城市引领与示范、乡镇模仿与创新、乡村替代与创造”的定位。同时,基于城市幼儿园特点,研发了小空间和大空间的“百味运动”;结合乡镇幼儿园周边的企业资源创设了乡镇特质的“风味运动”;利用幼儿园周边“一公里”环境资源,研发了充满野性、回归自然的“野味运动”。

万施利活力运动霜对肱二头肌延迟性肌肉酸痛的影响

目的探讨万施利活力运动霜对延迟性肌肉酸痛(DOMS)的治疗作用及其机制。方法选择男大学生随机分为对照组及观察组两组,每组18名。所有受试者以最大等长收缩60%的负荷诱导肱二头肌DOMS,观察组DOMS前、即刻及DOMS后5 d内将万施利活力运动霜涂抹在肱二头肌皮肤上(10 mL/次,3次/d);对照组仅参加运动,不进行特殊处理自行恢复。分别于离心运动前、运动后即刻、24、48、72、96 h测量肌肉酸痛程度、肘关节屈伸活动度及血清肌酸激酶(CK)活性。结果所有肌肉损伤指标(除肘关节伸展活动度)均有明显的时间及组别的交互效应,与运动前比较,除了观察组运动后96 h肘关节伸展活动度完全恢复外,其他所有损伤指标均未完全恢复。与对照组比较,观察组运动后24、48、72、96 h主观酸痛感均明显减轻(P<0.01),肘关节屈伸活动度恢复较快(P<0.05,P<0.01);观察组血清CK变化规律与对照组相似,但运动后72 h及96 h血清CK活性均显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论万施利活力运动霜治疗可有效地减轻男大学生的主观疼痛感、加快肘关节屈伸活动度的恢复,增强运动后血清CK酶活性的下降幅度,这可能就是万施利活力运动霜在一定程度上可缓解DOMS的机制所在。

活力运动视角下的居住区景观公共空间设计研究

随着现代化的城市发展,居住社区的景观公共空间同质化与模式化日益严重,邻里交往意识淡薄,造成了居民认同感和归属感的缺失,基于活力社区所具备的要素,从居住区核心景观、儿童运动、活力运动等方面总结设计经验,重点探寻人们的行为模式、不同年龄段的行为特征、互动式的公共空间、复合多元化的空间需求等。提倡现代化健康化的活力社区,主要价值在于为绿色、宜居、充满活力的人居社区提供可操作的路径,丰富居住区景观公共空间设计的理论指导。

银发族活力运动

家里的老年亲友是不是每天待在家里没事做?不出门没活动却抱怨一大堆?病痛也似乎与日俱增? 这似乎是现代大部份银发族每天的写照,他们多半因为年轻时没有养成运动习惯,或是苦于病痛如关节方面的退化、骨质疏松症或心脏病、糖尿病等慢性病,无法外出。但是,早晨的公园里。

倾城奥运 让活力运动装 点燃激情

8月奥运，让能量和动感之火在每个人的体内跃动，并等待喷涌。用一件性感的运动装，激燃你的活力宇宙。用最贴身的方法支持奥运，魅力就在最动感的—瞬间。

海洋寄生甲藻血卵涡鞭虫孢子活力评估及抑制药物筛选研究

血卵涡鞭虫(Hematodinium spp.)是一类主要寄生于海洋甲壳类动物的寄生甲藻,其引发的流行病严重危害我国沿海重要养殖经济蟹类(三疣梭子蟹、拟穴青蟹)的渔业生产。孢子是血卵涡鞭虫水体传播过程中的关键生活史阶段,准确评估孢子活力并筛选可抑制其活力的药物,可为防控该寄生甲藻流行性病害提供重要依据。为此,本研究建立了基于计算机图像分析的血卵涡鞭虫孢子运动活力评估方法,评估了4种水产常用药物(苯扎溴铵、戊二醛、辛硫磷、聚维酮碘)对血卵涡鞭虫孢子运动活力的影响。结果显示,2 h苯扎溴铵、戊二醛、辛硫磷、聚维酮碘对大孢子的半数效应浓度(EC_(50))依次为0.380 mg·L^(–1)、1.411 mg·L^(–1)、1.808 mg·L^(–1)、108.694 mg·L^(–1),2 h苯扎溴铵、戊二醛、辛硫磷对小孢子的EC50依次为0.172 mg·L^(–1)、0.038 mg·L^(–1)、0.101 mg·L^(–1)。苯扎溴铵抑制两种孢子运动活力的效果明显优于其余3种药物,可作为水产养殖中防控血卵涡鞭虫流行病的候选药物,建议防治血卵涡鞭虫大孢子的泼洒浓度为0.38~1.72 mg·L^(–1),小孢子泼洒浓度为0.17~0.35 mg·L^(–1)。以上研究结果为丰富血卵涡鞭虫孢子活力评估方法,筛选水产养殖应用药物防控血卵涡鞭虫流行病提供了参考。

基于运动活力的视频分镜中关键帧的提取

通常在我们描述一种关键帧提取方法时,总会有这样一种印象,即视频描述的运动强度越高,就越需要更多的关键帧才能表述其内容。实验证明,通过引用MPEG-7运动活力描述子和可靠性标准可以使用运动活力的强度值标示一个视频段。通过把该视频分镜分割成几个具有相同图像帧数的片断,然后对于每个片段取其位于中间的一帧图像为该段的关键帧,这样我们就可以得到整个视频分镜的关键帧。进一步的,我们可以根据经验分割出不同的片段数然后通过该方法,得到了需要的关键帧数并计算它们。相对于传统的基于颜色特征的关键帧提取算法,我们的这种方法要快速的多,因为它只是通过简单的计算和压缩区域提取就得到了关键帧。因此,确切来说它接近于理论上的最优方法。

不同有机溶剂对人精子体外运动参数的影响比较

目的研究常用有机溶剂对正常男性精子体外运动活力的影响。方法取正常男性精子,采用上游优化法处理,制备成精子悬液并分成4组,前3组分别加入二甲亚砜,使二甲亚砜终浓度分别为0.5%,1%和2%,pH值均为7.5,渗透压为290 mosm.(kg.H2O-1),D组加入等量Ham’s F10培养液作对照。分别于孵育15,30,45和60 m in后采用CASA进行分析。参照上述方法,考察有机溶剂甘油、聚乙二醇、吐温80对精子体外运动活力的影响。甘油终浓度分别调至1%,5%和10%,聚乙二醇终浓度分别调至1%,5%和10%,吐温80终浓度分别调至1%,5%和10%。结果2%二甲亚砜作用于精子60 m in能导致精子全部死亡,10%甘油作用60 m in后对精子运动参数抑制率达73.8%,10%聚乙二醇400作用于人精子60 m in可致其全部死亡,10%吐温80作用60 m in后对精子运动参数抑制率达95.5%。加入不同浓度二甲亚砜、甘油、聚乙二醇400和吐温80的各组前向运动精子百分率、曲线运动速度、直线运动速度和平均路径速度均较空白对照组显著降低(均P<0.05)。结论高浓度有机溶剂体外可抑制正常男性精子存活率和运动活力。

一种基于运动的视频层次化分析框架

运动信息是视频中最重要的特征之一.本文提出了一种新颖的基于运动的视频层次化分析框架.为了揭示视频流中的运动关系和在拍摄过程摄像机的运动信息即拍摄者的兴趣所在,提出了视频层次化结构来对视频流进行描述和检索.该运动层次化结构引入一个新的概念:基本运动单元(Basic Motion Unit,BMU).BMU反映的是MPEG-7中定义的基本摄像机操作,这样就可以把视频分割成BMU的集合.在BMU的基础上发现并挖掘出视频流中潜在的运动语义模式,最后根据运动活力(Motion Activity)将BMU聚类为运动节奏快慢的运动活力单元(Motion Activity Unit,MAU).该基于运动的视频分析框架不仅能够直观地捕获视频流在拍摄过程中拍摄者的注意力,而且为视频流的快速浏览和检索提供了新的思路.

这个季节运动要好“色”

从小小的乒乓球由白色到橙黄色这一历史性的转变，可以发现色彩对运动所带来的影响。当一个事物在不可能改变形状的情况下，改变色彩或许能达到不同的效果。

开展校园足球,增强学校体育活力

足球运动是一项团队协作型运动,不仅充满激情与魅力,而且对学生养成合作精神、拼搏意识具有积极的功效.为进一步加强学校体育活力,国家体育总局与教育部再一次强强联合,将校园足球运动纳入教学核心章程.本研究从校园足球的开展意义出发,通过对发展举措的系统分析,来进一步探索它之所以能够带给学校活力的真正精髓所在.

基于内容优化动态自适应HTTP流传输主观质量

针对传统DASH流技术仅仅自适应码率变化而不能整体优化回放质量,尤其是主观质量的问题,提出了基于内容的DASH流传输策略.该策略以镜头为自适应单元,基于运动级别设置安全因子和分配网络资源,使用动态规划算法决策并下载整体主观质量最大化的DASH片段序列.实验结果表明,运动级别较高的视频内容因获得较多传输资源而保证了较高的主观质量,平均最低质量也得到较大提升,且码率切换频率低,无播放停顿发生.

补肺益肾汤对精子参数的干预作用

目的:观察补肺益肾汤对精子运动参数的影响机制。方法:选取中医门诊男性不育症患者90例,随机分为治疗组、对照组,治疗组服用补肺益肾汤,每次150mL,每日2次,对照组口服VE胶囊50mg3次/日,1个月1个疗程,治疗前后均做精液分析。结果:补肺益肾汤能明显提高精液a级精子百分率、精子直线速度、精子前向性、精子直线性(P<0.01)。结论:补肺益肾汤能明显改善精子运动参数。

Comparison of locomotor behaviour between white-headed langurs Trachypithecus leucocephalus and Franois' langurs T. franoisi in Fusui,China

We studied the locomotor behaviour of white-headed langurs Trachypithecus leucocephalus and Francois＇ langurs T.francoisi to test two hypotheses： （1） these monkeys have evolved locomotor ability to support their activities on limestone hills, and （2） Francois＇ langurs have evolved more diverse locomotor skills than white-headed langurs. Data were collected from 1996 - 1998 and in 2005 in Fusui Nature Reserve, Guangxi, and showed that the two species had similar locomotor types, but Francois＇ langurs had more locomotor modes （26） than white-headed langurs （12）. Quadrupedal walking and leaping were two major types, and white-headed langurs were more arboreal than Francois＇ langurs. We suggest that, while keeping their ancestral locomotor types, the two species have evolved new types allowing them to live on limestone cliffs. Compared to white-headed langurs, Francois＇ langurs have more diverse locomotor modes that probably have allowed them to live in more habitat types. As an evolutionary outcome, Francois＇ langurs have a larger distribution range .

以斑马鱼模型评价6种药物的神经毒性

目的以斑马鱼为模式生物,评价6种已知对人类具有神经毒药物吗替麦考酚酯、异烟肼、环孢素A、卡马西平、苯妥英钠和乙醇对斑马鱼的神经毒性。方法挑选受精后5 d(5 dpf)的野生型AB系斑马鱼在含吗替麦考酚酯(4.5、15、45和51μmol/L)、异烟肼(1 460、4 866、14 599和15 328μmol/L)、卡马西平(17.5、58.3、175和187μmol/L)、苯妥英钠(16.7、55.7、167和185μmol/L)、乙醇(0.18%、0.63%、1.81%和2.0%)、环孢素A(5、16.7和50μmol/L)的养鱼用水中暴露,实验过程中不做换液处理,24 h后,利用斑马鱼行为分析仪检测斑马鱼的总运动距离,评价6种药物对斑马鱼运动活力的影响;受精后1 d(1 dpf)的运动神经元转基因斑马鱼胚胎在含吗替麦考酚酯(0.15、0.5、1.5和5.5μmol/L)、异烟肼(10 971、36 596、109 708和111 825μmol/L)、卡马西平(45.9、153、459和484μmol/L)、苯妥英钠(200、667和2000μmol/L)、乙醇(0.19%、0.62%、1.86%和1.98%)、环孢素A(5、16.7和50μmol/L)的养鱼用水中暴露,实验过程中不做换液处理,48 h后,在荧光显微镜下拍照,分析统计斑马鱼次级运动神经元轴突的长度,评价6种药物对斑马鱼运动神经元轴突生长的影响。结果吗替麦考酚酯、乙醇、卡马西平暴露后,随着浓度增加,斑马鱼运动距离先增加后减少,产生典型剂量依赖性倒"U"型运动;异烟肼和苯妥英钠暴露后,随着浓度增加,对斑马鱼运动活力抑制作用逐渐增强;环孢素A暴露后,随着浓度增加,斑马鱼产生兴奋性,斑马鱼总运动距离逐渐增加;6种药物作用后,斑马鱼运动神经元轴突长度均变短,表明6种药物在实验剂量下均能抑制运动神经元轴突的生长。结论斑马鱼模型可用于初步评价药物神经毒性。

Acute toxicity effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate on sperm vitality,kinematics and fertilization success in zebrafish

Perfluorooctane sulfonate （PFOS） has emerged as one of the most concerning contaminants in recent years. This study aimed to investigate the acute toxicity effect of PFOS on sperm viability, kinematics and fertilization success in zebrafish （Danio rerio）. Sperm were activated in aqueous media containing a range of PFOS concentrations （0, 0.09, 0.9 and 9 mg/L）. Viabilities and kinematics of the sperm exposed to different PFOS treatments were assessed via computer-assisted sperm analysis （CASA） at 20, 40, 60, and 80 s after activation. PFOS exposure decreased the percentage of motile sperm, the curvilinear velocity （VCL）, and the mean angular displacement （MAD） of spermatozoa, but showed no influence on the straight- line velocity （VSL） or the angular path velocity （VAP）. Furthermore, a significant decrease in fertilization success was observed in spermatozoa that were exposed to 0.9 mg/L PFOS or more. These findings indicate that PFOS pollution in natural aquatic environment may be a potential threaten to successful reproduction of fish.

Effects of chilled storage and cryopreservation on sperm characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation in Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus

The present study evaluated the ef fects of chilled storage and cryopreservation on sperm motion characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation in the Pacific cod Gadus macrocephalus. Sperm motility and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), glutathione peroxidase(GPx), glutathione reductase(Gr), and lipid peroxidation(measured via malondialdehyde(MDA) content) were determined after the milt was stored at 4°C for 12 h, cryopreserved without cryoprotectant in 12% propylene glycol(PG), cryopreserved in 12% PG+0.1 mol/L trehalose, or cryopreserved in 12% PG spermatozoa but centrifuged to decant the supernatant prior to cryopreservation(only sperm cells were cryopreserved). After chilled storage or cryopreservation, the SOD, CAT and GPx activities were reduced in sperm cells and increased in seminal plasma in almost all treatments; sperm motility parameters were also decreased. However, the addition of trehalose into the cryoprotectant could signifi cantly improve the postthaw sperm quality as revealed by the sperm average path velocity. This improvement might be attributed to the function of trehalose in scavenging reactive oxygen species. Chilled storage and cryopreservation had signifi cant eff ects on sperm motion characteristics, antioxidant enzyme activities, and lipid peroxidation in the Pacific cod.

Uncertainty Evaluation of Boar Fresh Semen Quality

According to JJF1059.2-2012 and CNAS-GL06, the measurement uncertainty of four indicators （semen volume, sperm motility and validity, progressive motility, abnormal sperm percentage） of boar fresh semen, as well as its influencing factors, was analyzed. The results showed that the measurement uncertainty of semen volume and progressive motility caused by inspectors was low, and their measurement results reliability was high. There were small differences in measurement results of semen volume and progressive motility among inspectors. However, the measurement uncertainty of sperm motility and abnormal sperm percentage was relatively large, and great differences were found among different inspectors. Therefore, the training of inspectors＇ measuring sperm motility and abnormal sperm percentage should be strengthened, and the comparison of measurement results among inspectors should be performed in the future.

消癥煎治疗湿热瘀结型特发性畸形精子症不育

目的:观察中原门氏验方——消癥煎治疗特发性畸形精子症不育(湿热瘀结证)患者的临床疗效。方法:100例特发性畸形精子症不育(湿热瘀结证)患者按来院就诊时间的先后顺序,按照随机数字表法随机(11)均分为试验组(消癥煎)、对照组(左卡尼汀口服液)各50例。治疗12周后,比较患者配偶妊娠率,精子形态学参数(正常形态精子率、头部畸形精子率),前向运动精子活力、精子总活力和精子顶体酶活性,中医证候积分。结果:试验组有效率为82.61%,对照组有效率为71.11%,两组有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=8.417,P=0.038);两组临床等级疗效经秩和检验,差异有统计学意义(z=-2.563,P=0.010)。治疗后,试验组中14例患者配偶妊娠,妊娠率为29.79%;对照组中6例患者配偶妊娠,妊娠率为12.50%,两组配偶妊娠率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组患者正常形态精子率、前向运动精子活力、精子总活力和精子顶体酶活性显著升高(P<0.05),试验组以上指标高于同期对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,两组患者精子头部畸形率、中医证候积分显著降低(P<0.05),试验组精子头部畸形率、中医证候积分低于同期对照组(P<0.05)。结论:消癥煎治疗湿热瘀结型特发性畸形精子症疗效显著,可降低精子头部畸形率,提高配偶妊娠率,并能改善前向运动精子活力、精子总活力、顶体酶活性及中医临床症状。

The biomechanical study of lower limb during human walking

The coordinates of the marked points of joints and the changes of foot force in the human walk motion are obtained with systems of motion image acquisition and force measuring.The effects of kinematics and dynamics on the human lower limb in different loads(0,10,20,30 kg) and walking speeds(0.8,1.3,1.7 m/s) have been investigated using the human dynamics model,.The results were as follows.First,with the increasing load,the dorsiflexion angle of ankle joint increased during the procedure of toe-off,the range of motion of the knee joint decreased,the flexion angle of the hip joint increased,and oppositely,the extension angle of the hip joint decreased.Second,with the increasing speed,the range of motion of the ankle joint,the maximum flexion angle of the knee joint,the flexion angle,extension angle of the hip joint and the range of motion of hip joint increased.Finally,the torque and power of the ankle joint,the knee joint and the hip joint increased with the increasing speed and load.The results can provide an important basis for the mechanism design of lower limb power-assisted exoskeleton.