浅谈金属活动序的应用

浅谈金属活动序的应用贵阳市贵州省教科所（５５０００１）任重远在中学化学知识领域内，金属活动顺序这一基础知识，有着十分重要的地位，许多化学现象是需要它来作解释，有些化学反应能杏发生要它来判断，一些规律性知识也要利用它来进行指导．下面简单介绍它的一些应用...

基于目标导向的序贯式早期活动在ICU获得性衰弱患者中的应用效果

目的:分析基于目标导向的序贯式早期活动在ICU获得性衰弱患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年9月—2023年7月遵义医科大学第二附属医院收治的ICU获得性衰弱患者70例为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,各35例。对照组实施常规护理及肢体功能锻炼,观察组在对照组基础上实施基于目标导向的序贯式早期活动干预。比较两组死亡率、机械通气时间、住院时间、日常生活能力、生命体征。结果:观察组死亡率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.037);观察组机械通气时间与住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);干预后,两组Barthel指数均升高,观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组心率、呼吸频率、血氧饱和度、收缩压高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:针对ICU获得性衰弱患者实施基于目标导向的序贯式早期活动,能够降低死亡率,缩短住院时间与机械通气时间,改善患者生命体征,提高日常生活能力。

活动网络中先序和后序活动的时间参数计算

给出了先序活动和后序活动的基本定义,讨论了运用深度优先搜索进行先序活动和后序活动标定的基本原理,提出了基于堆栈机制的标定算法.根据关键路径法和串行调度原理,论述了先序活动和后序活动时间参数计算的方法,并以实例阐述了计算原理.这种方法可以应用到大型工程调度和资源受限的工程调度策略研究中.

简论社会信息整序活动

简论社会信息整序活动严康敏（北京大学社会学系）社会信息系统是指社会上出现的各种事件的消息，即社会信息构成的整体。它是人类认识事物的媒介，是人类社会相互联系的纽带。随着社会的进步，科学文化的发展，人们相互的联系增多，社会需要交流的信息量日益增大，内容日...

层序成因动力学中的构造因素研究

以层序—盆地—构造为主线 ,对层序成因动力学中的构造控制进行了研究。结果表明 ,层序发育的构造控制主要表现为 :1 )构造控制盆地边界 ,进而控制层序充填轮廓 ;2 )构造级次控制层序和层序级别 ;3)构造属性控制盆地性质 ,进而控制层序成因格架和界面成因类型 ;4)随着层序规模和界面级别的增大 ,构造控制的意义和痕迹越明显 ;5)同沉积断裂活动控制层序的内部构型 ;6)构造基底活动形式控制着层序容纳空间和结构型式 ;7)构造演化控制着盆地演化及性质 ,进而控制着层序充填样式和组合类型。

单元教学视域下的数学新授课设计理念--以“同底数幂的除法”教学为例

学科核心素养的提出为课堂教学带来了新的挑战。教师在进行数学新授课教学设计时,要立足单元教学,关注相关学习内容在不同课时教学之间的整体设计,关注教学内容的本质、蕴含的思想以及学生核心素养的培养。研究者以“同底数幂的除法”教学为例,阐述单元教学视域下的数学新授课的设计理念:形成结构式的知能系、生成启发式的问题链、设计进阶式的活动序。

编者的话

四月,西子湖畔桃红柳绿,游人如织,一片生机。倘若在工作之暇,读者朋友不妨去领略一下大自然的明媚春色,一定会有一番好的心情。 每年的四月,在杭州,在浙江,在全国各地,都要举行轰轰烈烈的税法宣传活动。浙江省早在三月份就已经拉开了1997年的税法宣传活动序幕,四月将有连台的好戏。在这里我们提醒广大读者朋友,您单位的税交清了没有,您个人的所得税交了没有,让我们都来做一名光荣的纳税人。 由于税法宣传月,本期在稿件的安排上较突出税务内容。首篇《关于构建现代税收服务体系的若干思考》即以在税收征管手段现代化的条件下。

Cortical stimulation for treatment of neurological disorders of hyperexcitability: a role of homeostatic plasticity

Hyperexcitability of neural network is a key neurophysiological mechanism in several neurological disorders including epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and tinnitus. Although standard paradigm of pharmacological management of them is to suppress this hyperexcitability, such as having been exemplified by the use of certain antiepileptic drugs, their frequent refractoriness to drug treatment suggests likely different pathophysiological mechanism. Because the pathogenesis in these disorders exhibits a transition from an initial activity loss after injury or sensory deprivation to subsequent hyperexcitability and paroxysmal discharges, this process can be regarded as a process of functional compensation similar to homeostatic plasticity regulation, in which a set level of activity in neural network is maintained after injury-induced activity loss through enhanced network excitability. Enhancing brain activity, such as cortical stimulation that is found to be effective in relieving symptoms of these disorders, may reduce such hyperexcitability through homeostatic plasticity mechanism. Here we review current evidence of homeostatic plasticity in the mechanism of acquired epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and tinnitus and the effects and mechanism of cortical stimulation. Establishing a role of homeostatic plasticity in these disorders may provide a theoretical basis on their pathogenesis as well as guide the development and application of therapeutic approaches through electrically or pharmacologically stimulating brain activity for treating these disorders.

机群作战序贯活动的打击周期评估方法

针对动态、不确定环境下机群打击目标所需时间评估问题,构建了机群作战活动的串行、并行与串并混合三种典型序贯活动组织结构;在以作战活动所需时间为常量的打击周期评估的基础上,针对动态性和不确定性,从作战活动所需时间为随机变量和服从正态分布两个方面,分别建立了串行、并行与串并混合三种情况下的打击周期概率密度函数、数学期望和方差的解析计算模型.最后,仿真计算了典型序贯活动示例下的机群打击周期,验证了评估方法的适用性和有效性.

Research on Strong Earthquake Tendency on Active Tectonic Block Boundaries in the Chinese Mainland

Previous studies have shown that the active tectonic block boundaries in the Chinese mainland are the main belts and concentration areas of strong earthquakes occurring in the Chinese mainland.It is essential to carry out follow-up analysis of strong earthquake risk of active tectonic block boundaries.In this paper,we carry out the analysis on the tendency of strong earthquakes along each active tectonic block boundary from three aspects respectively,including the evolutionary characteristics of the Load/Unload Response Ratio time series,the probability method based on the log-normal distribution function,and variation of b value.The estimation of strong earthquake criticality on each active tectonic block boundary is done based on the evolutionary characteristics of the Load/Unload Response Ratio time series,the cumulative probability and conditional probability,and the decrease of the b value.Finally,according to the results of analyses on the above three aspects,the potential strong earthquake areas in the forthcoming 5 years in the Chinese mainland are discussed.

Application and comparison of coaxial correlation diagram and hydrological model for reconstructing flood series under human disturbance

Intense human activities have greatly changed the flood generation conditions in most areas of the world, and have destroyed the consistency in the annual flood peak and volume series. For design flood estimation, coaxial correlation diagram and conceptual hydrological model are two frequently used tools to adjust and reconstruct the flood series under human disturbance. This study took a typical mountain catchment of the Haihe River Basin as an example to investigate the effects of human activities on flood regime and to compare and assess the two adjustment methods. The main purpose is to construct a conceptual hydrological model which can incorporate the effects of human activities. The results show that the coaxial correlation diagram is simple and widely-used, but can only adjust the time series of total flood volumes. Therefore, it is only applicable under certain conditions(e.g. There is a strong link between the flood peaks and volumes and the link is not significantly affected by human activities). The conceptual model is a powerful tool to adjust the time series of both flood peak flows and flood volumes over different durations provided that it is closely related to the catchment hydrological characteristics, specifically accounting for the effects of human activities, and incorporating expert knowledge when estimating or calibrating parameters. It is suggested that the two methods should be used together to cross check each other.

Work Organization at Farm Level： A Process-Led Approach to Understand Land Use Changes

In the French Alps, some grasslands have been abandoned, others are invaded by scrub whereas they are still used by farmers What are the relationships between land use changes and other changes at farm level that lead to scrub invasion？ We hypothesize that they are linked by two work organization processes： process of changes （changes in the household and farm） leading to less intensive land use; and annual processes （sequences of activities during the year） and their repetition from one year to another, leading to insufficient land maintenance. In this paper, we present a study carried out in the Northern French Alps, based on surveys with livestock farmers. It appears that land use changes are often the consequence of other changes made to address work problems, and land use sequences are defined according to workforce and prioritization of tasks. This highlights the importance of considering farmers as workers in order to evaluate land use changes at the farm level and to link them to the human dimension within farming systems.

Use of mobile-stroke risk scale and lifestyle guidance promote healthy lifestyles and decrease stroke risk factors

Objective:The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Mobile-Stroke Risk Scale and Life Style Guidance(M-SRSguide)in promoting a healthy lifestyle and reducing stroke risk factors in atrisk persons.Methods:This research was an clinical trial with a pre-test and post-test control group design.The accessible population is persons at risk of stroke in the community(West and East Kalimantan Province,Indonesia).Thirty-two participants in the intervention group and 32 participants in the control group participated in this study.The sampling method was systematic random sampling.We allocate the sample into the intervention and control groups using a randomized block design.The intervention group used the M-SRSguide.The control group used manual book for a self-assessment of stroke risk.The measurement of a healthy lifestyle and the stroke risk factors was performed before and six months after the intervention.Results:There are no significant differences in healthy lifestyle and stroke risk factors between the two groups after the intervention(P>0.05).Analysis of healthy lifestyle behavior assessment items in the intervention group showed an increase in healthy diets,activity patterns,and stress control after the use of the M-SRSguide(P<0.01).Conclusion:The use of M-SRSguide is effective in promoting a healthy lifestyle.

Research on Seismicity and Source Parameters of Small Earthquakes in the Zipingpu Reservoir before the Wenchuan M_S 8. 0 Earthquake

Based on the digital seismic waveform data observed from regional and reservoir seismic networks,the seismicity and source parameters in the Zipingpu reservoir area from January 1,2000 to May 11,2008 before the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake are studied. The analysis shows a continuous activity of small earthquakes before the Wenchuan MS8. 0 earthquake. The level of seismic activity was from ML2.0 to ML3.0 in recent years. The impoundment of Zipingpu reservoir started in September 2005 and the obvious increment of seismic activities occurred in February 2008,but according to the analysis of the longer time series,the frequency and intensity of seismic activities do not exceed its range,which means it is still a fluctuation of regional seismic activities or tectonic activity. At the same time,we also studied the spatio-temporal distribution and the change of apparent stress difference in the source region before the great earthquake,and the results show that the apparent stress values of small earthquakes are generally higher than fitted values of apparent stress in the reservoir area in the nearly three months before the Wenchuan MS8.0 earthquake. It can be seen from the spatial distribution of apparent stress difference,that the epicenter of the earthquake is located at a low stress distribution area,and the relatively high apparent stress difference is at the east of the epicenter. Apparent stress increment occurred in local areas.

Characteristics of the May 12,2008 Wenchuan M_S8.0 Earthquake Sequence and Discussion on Relevant Problems

The aftershock activity of the May 12, 2008 Wenchuan Ms8.0 Earthquake Sequence shows an obvious segmented feature. Most of the large aftershocks were distributed in the north and south parts of the aftershock zone. Thrusting was dominant with a small amount of strike-slip component in the south part. The aftershock activity decayed gradually, presenting the sequence features of a mainshock-aftershock pattern. The north part was the ending area of the malnshock fracture where strike-slipping was dominant, showing an obvious swarm feature. Therefore it became the major area for large aftershocks. The modulation of the earth tide on aftershock activity is remarkable; most large aftershocks occur during the period of flood and neap tide. The time period around 16：00 was the dominant occurring time for large aftershocks. The p-value, a parameter of modified Omori formula, increases gradually with time, and reaches about 1 at the end. Based on previous study, the sequence patterns, magnitude of maximum aftershock, as well as the duration of aftershock activity has been discussed. The primary results also show that the magnitude difference between the maiushock and the maximum aftershock is proportional to the rupture size of the maiushock for huge earthquakes of about Ms8.0. This means that when the magnitudes of the earthquakes are nearly the same, large rupture size corresponds to sufficient energy release.

A Review on Research of Foreshocks

This paper briefly introduces the current research progress in the field of foreshocks,both in China and abroad,and contrasts the common characteristics and the mechanisms of foreshocks of the sequence under the definition of different conditions of foreshocks. The main recognition methods of foreshocks are briefly reviewed,and their characteristics and existing problems are reviewed and discussed. Foreshocks are small earthquakes that occur before the mainshock and adjacent to the main source location. A foreshock sequence is constituted of a series of foreshock activities that occur before the mainshock. The proportion of earthquake cases includes direct foreshocks ranging from 10% - 40% at different defined conditions of foreshocks. Theoretically,cascade model or pre-slid model can explain foreshocks. Foreshocks are mainly concentrated in the range of 10km -75 km of the mainshock,but their time distribution form is very complicated,mostly prior to the mainshock from 1 or 2 days,the seismicity rate of part of foreshock sequences shows significant acceleration features,but many foreshock sequences often show the attenuation characteristics of mainshock-aftershock sequences. The most prominent feature of foreshocks is a focal consistent mechanism and low b-value of earthquakes of the earthquake sequence. Foreshocks seems to have a certain relationship with tectonic environment and the rupture form of the mainshock,in limited foreshocks earthquake cases,the dip-thrusting earthquakes seem to have relatively more foreshocks. The results of some of the earthquake cases show that the focal depth of foreshocks gradually moved downward with the mainshock approaching. So far,it is difficult to determine whether an earthquake or an earthquake sequence is a foreshock or foreshock sequence before the mainshock. The identification methods of foreshocks mainly include a statistical method of analogy,focal consistent mechanism and related derivative method,the fine detection of the earthquake nucleation process. From a few existing studies of earthquake cases,in spite of earthquake temporal clusters and focal consistent mechanism being the most significant features of foreshock sequence,there were not sufficient conditions for judging a foreshock sequence. Because the rupture rate of expansion and sliding displacement have a tendency to increase faster with time,the method of fine detection of the earthquake nucleation process is expected to play a more important role in the identification of foreshocks,but it needs more earthquake examples to be verified.

The Criminal Law of Public Order as a Guardian of Public Interest in Terrorist Acts Scenario

Promotion of a model of the criminal law of public order represents an important point of reflection in criminal law doctrine. Public order, as a juridical good, has many predispositions to be exposed to criminal activity, and in this point of view, its special protection through criminal law norms constitutes a major concern of criminal legislation objectives. Criminal legislation （as a regulatory and modifying tool within society） is an intelligent social product It is a concrete expression of the important contribution of society in ensuring qualitative and quantitative relations of the model of public order. The latter finds expression as the object of a subjective right, which cannot be divided from the affirmation made by criminal legislation as a primary juridical good. In this context, the model of public order is associated with that of protection of general interest, in the subjective sense of the right to punish （ius puniendO, implemented by state authorities. In their universal meaning, all criminal offences in one way or another affect the normal functioning of public order, but terrorist acts can violate or impinge upon public order more closely and specifically. While affecting the designated model of public order, terrorist crimes put in question the architecture of the rule of law. In response to the mechanisms of terrorist offences, two main criminalization techniques are elaborated： （1） the classical technique of criminalization; and （2] the enumerative technique of criminalization. Criminal sanctions, by which the repression of this criminal vector is carried out, aim at ensuring not only the survival of human society, but also its cardinal values and interests, as well as the technical and scientific progress.

Secure Mobile Crowdsensing Based on Deep Learning

To improve the quality of multimedia services and stimulate secure sensing in Internet of Things applications, such as healthcare and traffic monitoring, mobile crowdsensing(MCS) systems must address security threats such as jamming, spoofing and faked sensing attacks during both sensing and information exchange processes in large-scale dynamic and heterogeneous networks. In this article, we investigate secure mobile crowdsensing and present ways to use deep learning(DL) methods, such as stacked autoencoder, deep neural networks, convolutional neural networks, and deep reinforcement learning, to improve approaches to MCS security, including authentication, privacy protection, faked sensing countermeasures, intrusion detection and anti-jamming transmissions in MCS. We discuss the performance gain of these DLbased approaches compared to traditional security schemes and identify the challenges that must be addressed to implement these approaches in practical MCS systems.

New Keynesian Model and Inflation Prediction

Recently, much dispute has occurred about the validity of the New Keynesian model from both theoretical and empirical views. However, a few studies have analyzed this model from the empirical perspective. Few other studies have analyzed this model directly or nearly directly. This article empirically examines the New Keynesian model focusing on inflation forecast. Generalized method of moments （GMM） is used to examine whether the typical Keynesian model with Taylor rule is empirically appropriate for the US, UK, Euro area, and Japan. The results showed： （1） the New Keynesian model fits well in most cases and explains the real economy well. Taylor rule also fits well for most cases; （2） Rational expectations for inflation rates may not be useful based on this model When AR （1） （time series analysis） model is used to capture inflation expectations instead of one-time ahead real values, the model fits well. With measured expectations, the relative weight of the forward-looking terms increase on the cost of lagged inflation and output terms, even up to the point at which the lagged inflation terms are no longer needed to rescue the new Keynesian model; and （3） Forward-looking variables play more important roles than backward-looking ones in economic activity. Results with expectations with forward-looking terms perform better in general. This New Keynesian model may reduce the importance of lagged output in some cases

A Study on Heterogeneous Cellular Automaton Simulation of the Influencing Factors on Seismicity

For the purpose of investigating conditions of earthquake pregnancies,a heterogeneous 2-D single fault model with 81 × 81 cells is set up. By using cellular automata models and changing the model heterogeneity and correlation parameters, we compute and get different synthetic event catalogues for analyzing general seismic activity and intensity distribution properties. The results show that different heterogeneous structures produce different seismic sequence types and G-R relationship,so the heterogeneity is an important influencing factor on seismicity. Nevertheless,both the coefficients of stress redistribution and local friction loss can also influence seismicity to some extent. This is possibly useful for further understanding of the complexity of earthquake processes.