The rate of regional sea level rise （SLR） provides important information about the impact of human activities on climate change. However, accurate estimation of regional SLR can be severely affected by sea surface h...The rate of regional sea level rise （SLR） provides important information about the impact of human activities on climate change. However, accurate estimation of regional SLR can be severely affected by sea surface height （SSH） change caused by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO-SSH）. Here, the PDO- SSH signal is extracted from satellite altimeter data by multi-variable linear regression, and regional SLR in the altimeter era is calculated, before and after removing that signal. The results show that PDO-SSH trends are rising in the western Pacific and falling in the eastern Pacific, with the strongest signal confined to the tropical and North Pacific. Over the past 20 years, the PDO-SSH accounts for about 30%/-400% of altimeter-observed SLR in the regions 8° 15°N, 130°-160°E and 30°-40°N, 170°-220°E. Along the coast ＆North America, the PDO-SSH signal dramatically offsets the coastal SLR, as the sea level trends change sign from falling to rising.展开更多
In order to find natural compounds of interest such as pesticides and therapeutic molecules, toxicological properties of seed methanolic extracts （SME） of nine Malagasy Albizia species were investigated. Toxicity wa...In order to find natural compounds of interest such as pesticides and therapeutic molecules, toxicological properties of seed methanolic extracts （SME） of nine Malagasy Albizia species were investigated. Toxicity was assessed on living animals by intraperitoneal and oral route, and pharmacological effects on isolated organs. All SME induced various disorders in mice but the signs of the nervous system disturbs were the earliest and the most often observed. The main organ lesions, examined on histological sections, induced vasodilatation, inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophil polymorphonuclears and hemorrhagic areas. At low concentrations （until 20 p.g/mL）, A. masikororum and A. viridis provoked on isolated auricular a positive inotrope effect followed by a progressive inhibition of the contraction and a complete atrial arrhythmia. Besides, A. viridis and A. bernieri induced some hepatic functional impairment after a chronic treatment during one month. Albizia greveana with a LD50 of 1.13-2 mg/kg was the most toxic and Albizia bernieri the least one with a LD50 of 52 mg/kg. Alkaloids and/or saponins, the major chemical groups found by phytochemical screening on these extracts, could be responsible of their toxicity.展开更多
The processing of relative clauses receives much concern from linguists. The finding that object relatives are easier to process than subiect relatives in Chinese challenges the notion that subject relative clauses ar...The processing of relative clauses receives much concern from linguists. The finding that object relatives are easier to process than subiect relatives in Chinese challenges the notion that subject relative clauses are preferred universally. A large body of literature provides theories related to sentence processing mechanisms for native speakers but leaves one area relatively untouched： how bilinguals process sentences. This study is designed to examine the case where the individuals with a Chinese L1 language background process subject-extracted subject relative clauses （SS） and subject-extracted object relative clauses （SO） by using event- related potentials （ERPs） to probe into the real-time language processing and presents a direct manifestation of brain activity. The findings from this study support the subject relative clause preference due to the strong influence of English relative clause markedness and bilinguals＇ relative lower working memory capacity.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41376028)the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(No.Y22114101Q)+2 种基金the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2013CB956202)the"100-Talent Project"of Chinese Academy of Sciences,China(No.Y32109101L)the Special Funds of CAS(No.XDAl 1040205)
文摘The rate of regional sea level rise （SLR） provides important information about the impact of human activities on climate change. However, accurate estimation of regional SLR can be severely affected by sea surface height （SSH） change caused by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation （PDO-SSH）. Here, the PDO- SSH signal is extracted from satellite altimeter data by multi-variable linear regression, and regional SLR in the altimeter era is calculated, before and after removing that signal. The results show that PDO-SSH trends are rising in the western Pacific and falling in the eastern Pacific, with the strongest signal confined to the tropical and North Pacific. Over the past 20 years, the PDO-SSH accounts for about 30%/-400% of altimeter-observed SLR in the regions 8° 15°N, 130°-160°E and 30°-40°N, 170°-220°E. Along the coast ＆North America, the PDO-SSH signal dramatically offsets the coastal SLR, as the sea level trends change sign from falling to rising.
文摘In order to find natural compounds of interest such as pesticides and therapeutic molecules, toxicological properties of seed methanolic extracts （SME） of nine Malagasy Albizia species were investigated. Toxicity was assessed on living animals by intraperitoneal and oral route, and pharmacological effects on isolated organs. All SME induced various disorders in mice but the signs of the nervous system disturbs were the earliest and the most often observed. The main organ lesions, examined on histological sections, induced vasodilatation, inflammatory infiltrate of neutrophil polymorphonuclears and hemorrhagic areas. At low concentrations （until 20 p.g/mL）, A. masikororum and A. viridis provoked on isolated auricular a positive inotrope effect followed by a progressive inhibition of the contraction and a complete atrial arrhythmia. Besides, A. viridis and A. bernieri induced some hepatic functional impairment after a chronic treatment during one month. Albizia greveana with a LD50 of 1.13-2 mg/kg was the most toxic and Albizia bernieri the least one with a LD50 of 52 mg/kg. Alkaloids and/or saponins, the major chemical groups found by phytochemical screening on these extracts, could be responsible of their toxicity.
基金This work was supported through the National Social Science Foundation of China （13BYY072）.
文摘The processing of relative clauses receives much concern from linguists. The finding that object relatives are easier to process than subiect relatives in Chinese challenges the notion that subject relative clauses are preferred universally. A large body of literature provides theories related to sentence processing mechanisms for native speakers but leaves one area relatively untouched： how bilinguals process sentences. This study is designed to examine the case where the individuals with a Chinese L1 language background process subject-extracted subject relative clauses （SS） and subject-extracted object relative clauses （SO） by using event- related potentials （ERPs） to probe into the real-time language processing and presents a direct manifestation of brain activity. The findings from this study support the subject relative clause preference due to the strong influence of English relative clause markedness and bilinguals＇ relative lower working memory capacity.
