柴胡与苦豆子对豚鼠离体胆囊肌条收缩活动影响的实验研究

目的 :观察不同浓度的柴胡水煎剂、苦豆子水煎剂对胆囊平滑肌运动的影响并初步探讨其作用机理。方法 :将肌条置于离体平滑肌灌流肌槽内 ,用生理记录仪记录肌条的收缩活动。结果 :柴胡水煎剂、苦豆子水煎剂可增高豚鼠胆囊肌条的张力 ,加快收缩频率及减少收缩波平均振幅 ;阿托品可部分阻断柴胡对胆囊肌条的作用 ;酚妥拉明、异搏定可部分阻断苦豆子对胆囊肌条的作用。结论 :柴胡对胆囊肌条的作用与M受体有关 ;苦豆子对胆囊肌条的作用与α受体、Ca2

用Dreamweaver MX制作活动菜单条

自动隐藏窗口功能可以使窗口显得清爽整洁而且富有动感,本文利用DreamweaverMX,通过一个活动菜单条的制作实例来实现这种效果。对制作网页效果很有实用价值。

一个大暗条激活的H_α观测及其电流模型解释

本文利用赣榆站获得的精细H_α资料,分析了同NOAA6327和6331活动区相关的一个大暗条的活动情况,这是一个部分宁静和部分活动的复合暗条,伴有频繁的分裂和重现,特别是在10月月29日附近活动区的耀斑活动后将它激活:暗条在耀斑的MHD长波的激发下,呈现出强烈的红移特征——向下沉降,本文利用Van Ted et al所发展的暗条电流模型来解释暗条的活动。针对不同的背景场形式和参数,计算了暗条的不稳定(向上或向下运动以至暗条消解)和暗条对一定扰功的可能稳定(在一定的位置上以一个较小的振幅上下振动)等情况。

用于活体测量哺乳动物幼崽体重和体长的一种简易装置

要对饲养笼中的哺乳动物幼崽进行体重和体形的测量,通常的方法是直接把幼崽拿出称量。而很多动物,如倭蜂猴(Nycticebus pygmaeus),很容易受到这种方法的影响,造成母体弃婴现象。为了对动物幼崽体重和体长数据进行最小化伤害的准确测量并维持其自然生长规律,本文对养殖笼加活动条进行简易改造,并引入了一种自制的简易测量钳。

晕状日冕物质抛射

主要介绍晕状日冕物质抛射（ｈａｌｏ ＣＭＥｓ）的产生机制．包括向量磁场演化是怎样触发 ｈａｌｏ ＣＭＥｓ的； ｈａｌｏ ＣＭＥ与耀斑、暗条活动的相互关系怎样，是否有规律可循；暗条爆发、耀斑等活动现象是如何相互联系的； ｈａｌｏ ＣＭＥ事件是由一个活动区或一个活动事件驱动的，还是多个活动区或多个活动事件相互作用的结果．给出了两个 ｈａｌｏ ＣＭＥ的日面起源的观测例证，提出相反极性的磁场对消是 ＣＭＥ日面源区磁场演化的主要特征．

感潮河段深水铺设联锁排施工技术

文中通过对水下铺设联锁排施工工艺的调查、分析,提出了增加活动加筋条的创新技术方案,改进了联锁块的绑系方式,形成了感潮河段深水铺排的新工艺,解决了在感潮河段深水区域进行水下铺设联锁排施工时易发生撕排、断排,甚至发生安全事故等难题,为以后类似工程的顺利实施提供参考。

Impact of an active educational video game on children's motivation,science knowledge, and physical activity

Background： Active educational video games （AVGs） appear to have a positive effect on elementary school students＇ motivation leading to enhanced learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to identify the effectiveness of an AVG on elementary school students＇ science knowledge learning, physical activity （PA） level, and interest-based motivation. Methods： In this randomized controlled study, 53 elementary school students were assigned to an experimental condition or a comparison condition. The experimental condition provided an AVG learning environment, whereas the comparison condition was based on sedentary educational video games. Results： The results of repeated measures analysis of variance （ANOVA） on the knowledge test showed that students in both groups performed better on the post-test than they did on the pre-test （p 〈 0.001, η2 = 0.486）, and their post-test scores did not differ significantly. The experimental condition provided a more active environment since the students＇ average heart rates （HRs） were in the Target-Heart-Rate-Zone （HR = 134 bpm）, which was significantly higher than the average HR （103 bpm） from the comparison condition （t = 7.212, p 〈 0.001）. Students in the experimental condition perceived a higher level of situational interest than their counterparts in the comparison group （p 〈 0.01, and η2 = 0.301）. Conclusion： These results suggest that AVGs benefit children more in terms of PA and motivation than traditional video games by providing an enjoyable learning experience and sufficient PA.

Effects of Abnormal Early Rearing Environments on Fear Memory in Adult Rats

In the present experiment, Pavlovian fear conditioning was adopted to study the effects of different early rearing environments on fear conditioning in adult rats. Weaned rats were reared in three manipulable environments （enriched, social and isolated conditions）. After 8 weeks, fear conditioning （characterized by percentage of freezing） was observed and analyzed, and rats＇ weight, locomoter activity and foot-shock sensitivity were operated too. The results showed that： （1） Compared with control group, the level of conditioned fear was significantly increased in enriched group, but significantly decreased in isolated group; （2） Enriched and isolated conditions influenced rat＇s weight significantly; （3） Different rearing conditions have no effect on locomoter activity and foot-shock sensitivity. These results indicated that early enriched condition could improve the tone-evoked fear conditioning response, while isolated condition impaired the response.

Modelling Regional Land Change Scenarios to Assess Land Abandonment and Reforestation Dynamics in the Pyrenees(France)

Over the last decades and centuries,European mountain landscapes have experienced substantial transformations.Natural and anthropogenic LULC changes(land use and land cover changes), especially agro-pastoral activities,have directly influenced the spatial organization and composition of European mountain landscapes.For the past sixty years, natural reforestation has been occurring due to a decline in both agricultural production activities and rural population.Stakeholders, to better anticipate future changes,need spatially and temporally explicit models to identify areas at risk of land change and possible abandonment.This paper presents an integrated approach combining forecasting scenarios and a LULC changes simulation model to assess where LULC changes may occur in the Pyrenees Mountains,based on historical LULC trends and a range of future socio-economic drivers.The proposed methodologyconsiders local specificities of the Pyrenean valleys,sub-regional climate and topographical properties,and regional economic policies.Results indicate that some regions are projected to face strong abandonment, regardless of the scenario conditions.Overall, high rates of change are associated with administrative regions where land productivity is highly dependent on socio-economic drivers and climatic and environmental conditions limit intensive(agricultural and/or pastoral) production and profitability.The combination of the results for the four scenarios allows assessments of where encroachment(e.g.colonization by shrublands) and reforestation are the most probable.This assessment intends to provide insight into the potential future development of the Pyrenees to help identify areas that are the most sensitive to change and to guide decision makers to help their management decisions.

A Preliminary Study on the New Activity Features of the Lajishan Mountain Fault Zone in Qinghai Province

The Lajishan Mountain fault zone consists of two NE_protruding arcuate faults, i.e. the northern and southern margin fault of Lajishan Mountain with the fault length of 230km and 220km respectively. The fault zone is located in the large_scale compressional structure zone and tectonic gradient zone in_between the NNW_trending right_lateral strike_slip Reshui_Riyueshan fault zone and the NWW_trending left_lateral strike_slip northern margin of west Qinling Ranges fault zone is also an important boundary fault zone, separating the Xining_Minhe basin and the Xunhua_Hualong basin at the southern and northern sides of the Lajishan Mountain respectively. Geologic geomorphic evidences of new activity revealed by field investigations indicate that the latest movement of the Lajishan fault zone was in late Epipleistocene (only a few segments were active in early Holocene) and is mainly of compressive thrusting with slightly left_lateral strike_slip component. The above movement has possibly resulted in the occurrence of about 20 moderate earthquakes of magnitude around 5.0. The Lajishan region can therefore be regarded as a seismotectonic window to reflect tectonic movement and earthquake activity.

例谈校本课程的开发

改变课程管理过于集中的状况，实行国家、地方、学校三级课程管理，增强课程对地方、学校及学生的适应性，是基础教育课程改革的目标之一。在保证实施国家课程的基础上，我国鼓励地方开发适应本地区的地方课程，学校可开发或选用适合本校特点的课程。也就是说，课程设置分为国家课程、地方课程、校本课程。开发校本课程是新课改重点关注的问题之一。

Catalytic synthesis of benzaldehyde glycol acetal over H3PW6Mo6O40/PAn

Catalytic activities of H3PWrMo6O40/PAn in synthesizing benzaldehyde glycol acetal were reported. It has been demonstrated that H3PW6MorO40/PAn is an excellent catalyst. Various factors concerned in the reaction have been investigated. The optimum conditions have been found, that is, the molar ratio of benzaldehyde to glycol is 1/1.4, the mass ratio of the catalyst used to the reactants is 0.8%, and the reaction time is 45min. Under these conditions, the yield of benzaldehyde glycol acetal is 79.0%.

Condition evaluation of a unique mining site

The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the existing conditions and the stability of a mining site in which the unique features of seismicity, mining activity, hydrological conditions, geological conditions, environmental conditions, and future development plans were considered. In particular, the potential subsidence locations near the proposed construction site, the effects of mining boundary profile,and the influence scope of the mining activity on the neighboring areas were investigated using the finite element method. The study results indicate:(1) the overlying sandstone layer to the coal layer is the key to the stability of the mining roof;(2) the broken boundary has the most effect, followed by the arc boundary and linear boundary;(3) the safe distance from the mining boundary should be at least400 m if the proposed structure is to be built near an active mining site. Other relevant engineering recommendations are also proposed. The concluded results from this study may serve as a guide to other similar sites in the world.

Seismological Activities in Laos1

This report describes briefly the natural conditions and effect of earthquakes in Laos. Though Laos is not severely affected by earthquakes, it is doing its best to start seismological activity through the bilateral cooperation with China and with other ASEAN countries and through the framework of ASEAN-China cooperation.

The Principle and Method for Delineation of Potential Seismic Sources in Northwest Yunnan

Based on the collection and analysis of achievements of other scholars, and by consulting the results of seismic safety evaluation of engineering sites and field surveys of recent years, the seismotectonic indicators are determined for northwest Yunnan and its vicinity, and then potential seismic sources are further delineated. In practice, the following principles are applied: for areas with strong historical earthquakes, the recurrence principle is used to determine the upper bound magnitude; for areas with distinct seismogenic structure but no historical strong earthquake records, the tectonic analogy principle is used in the light of the size and activity behavior of the structure; for areas where the segmentation of the active fault is well studied, the potential sources will be demarcated more precisely; and for areas with buried fault, the seismicity pattern and geophysical abnormity are used to determine the direction of the major axis of the potential seismic source.

Accumulation of coal-bed gas in the Wangying-Liujia area of the Fuxin basin

The gas enrichment conditions in the Fuxin basin are compared to those of the Powder River basin.The coal bed depth,the gas content,the individual coal bed layer thickness,and the overall structure thickness of the Powder River basin in the U.S.were examined.The main factors affecting gas enrichment were examined.These factors include the coal-forming environment,the gas sources,the geological structure,the presence of magmatic activity,and the local hydrology.The coal-bed gas enrichment area in the Wangying-Liujia block of the Fuxin basin is then discussed by analogy.A hydrodynamic-force/dike-plugging model based on a magma fractured bed is proposed to explain the gas enrichment in this part of the Fuxin basin.High gas production is predicted in areas having similar conditions.This work will aid future coal-bed gas exploration and development.

Synthesis and catalytic activity of SBA-15 supported catalysts for styrene oxidation

Cu(II) and Mn(II) metals embedded on mesoporous SBA-15 were synthesized by co-precipitation technique.The support and catalysts were characterized by SEM–EDX,TEM,BET,XRD and ICP-AES methods.The catalytic activity of these catalysts was evaluated for styrene oxidation at various reaction conditions such as styrene to TBHP mole ratio,temperature,catalyst amount by using TBHP as an oxidizing agent.Major reaction products were styrene oxide and benzaldehyde and highest styrene conversion(97.3%) was observed at styrene to TBHP mole ratio of 1:4,temperature at 80 °C and 20 mg of catalyst.Further,the recyclability of the catalysts was observed and found that they can be recycled three times without major loss in their activity and selectivity.

Total Synthesis of Marine Cyclic Enol-Phosphotriester Salinipostin Compounds

Due to their structural diversity and variety of biological activities, marine natural products have been the subject of extensive study. These compounds, especially phospholipid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, have a wide range of pharmacological applications, including embedded DNA and central nervous system, anti-tumor, anti-virus, anti-parasite, anti-bacterial, and antithrombotic effects. Unfortunately, the insufficient drug sources have limited the development of these compounds. In this study, we isolated salinpostin compounds from a fermentation solution of marine-derived Salinospora sp., which has a common bicyclic enol-phosphotriester core framework, as well as potent and selective antimalarial activities against P. falciparum with EC_(50)=50 nmolL^(-1). The chemical synthesis of these compounds in greater quantities is necessary for their use in bioactivity studies. Thus we explored a short route with high yields and mild reaction conditions, which can generate combinatorial libraries for drug discovery and lead optimization. We developed a new total synthesis method for six cyclic enol-phosphotriester salinipotin compounds and their diastereomers. For the total synthesis of cyclipostin P, we prepared cyclic enol-phosphotriester salinipostin compounds in 10 steps from a readily accessible starting material, 1,3-dihydroxyacetone, and obtained an overall yield of 1.29%. We fully characterized these compounds by proton nuclear magnetic resonance(~1H-NMR), carbon-13 NMR(^(13)C-NMR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS) analyses, and found they coincide absolutely with the same compounds reported previously.

Status and the Future of Organic Farming in the Republic of Macedonia and the Mediterranean Countries

In order to create or design a development, it is necessary to have a look backwards. To identify and understand the resources based on the possessed knowledge, steps for development are proposed. But, no less important is to understand the surrounding, what others are doing/planning, as it will save precious time in inventing something which is maybe already implemented elsewhere. Based on that assumption, this paper deals with the analysis of the current status of the organic farming （O.F.） in Macedonia and the Mediterranean countries, as they are closest to the soil and climate conditions that exist in Macedonia as well. This paper will try to give answer to the question ＂how to maintain the present level of development and to set parameters which should be used in order to reach further development＂. The analysis process was implemented by using SWOT （strength, weakness, opportunity, and threats） analysis for Macedonia and the Mediterranean countries. The analysis result indicates that there are numerous common factors, resources, structures, and gaps in the organic sector. This paper＇s goal is to present a list of strategic goals and instruments for development of O.F. in Macedonia and Mediterranean countries. The data related to the facts and visions are referred to the Republic of Macedonia, but relevant data on EU countries, candidate-countries, and south Mediterranean countries are presented as well. The conclusions are with special accent to the new possibilities for development of O.F. in the near future, especially through applicative scientific research activities.

Preliminary Study on Cenozoic Group and Fault Activity in the Sea Area Near the Yangtze River Mouth

By shallow seismic prospecting, the Cenozoic Group in the sea area near the Yangtze River Mouth can be divided into five seismic sequences. They correspond to the Quaternary, Pliocene, Upper Miocene, Lower Miocene and Eocene respectively. The Quaternary System covers all the detecting area. The Tertiary System overlaps and thins out from NE to SW. The sedimentary basement mainly consists of volcanic rock (J 3) and acidic rock (r 3 5). Paleogene or Late Cretaceous basins are not found there. The faults that have been detected are all normal faults. They can be divided into three groups (NE, NW, near EW) by their trend. The NE and NW trending faults are predominant, and agree with aeromagnetic anomaly. Their length and displacement are larger than that of the EW trending faults. The activity of the NE trending faults is different in different segments. The SW segment is a Quaternary fault, the middle segment is a Neogene fault, The NE is Paleogene. But the segment of the NW trending fault is not obvious. The average vertical displacement rate is about 0 015mm/a.