活化温度对聚丙烯腈基活性中空炭纤维结构和吸附性能的影响

用质量分数为4%的磷酸氢氨溶液预处理聚丙烯腈(PAN)中空纤维,经预氧化及炭化后,用二氧化碳气体在不同温度下活化40 min,得到PAN基活性中空炭纤维(PAN-ACHF).考察了活化温度对PAN-ACHF的比表面积、孔径分布、形态和吸附性能的影响.结果表明,随着活化温度的升高,PAN-ACHF表面的孔逐渐加深,且数目逐渐增多,比表面积逐渐增大;当活化温度为900℃时,BET比表面积最大为1422 m2/g,中孔的比表面积也达到最大,为1234 m2/g,且孔径主要集中在2～5 nm;PAN-ACHF对肌酐和VB12的吸附率都随着活化温度的升高而增大,当活化温度为900℃时,PAN-ACHF对肌酐和VB12的吸附率都达到最大值,分别为99%和84%.

炭化过程对聚丙烯腈基活性中空炭纤维性能的影响

聚丙烯腈(PAN)中空纤维在空气中250℃预氧化2 h后,在氮气气氛中炭化,得到PAN基中空炭纤维(PAN-CHF),再在二氧化碳气氛中活化,得到PAN基活性中空炭纤维(PAN-ACHF)。考察了炭化温度和炭化时间对PAN-CHF的收缩率、PAN-ACHF的收缩率、活化收率、比表面积和吸附性能的影响。结果表明:炭化温度为1 000℃时,PAN-CHF和PAN-ACHF的收缩率相同;炭化温度为900℃时,PAN-ACHF的比表面积最大,吸附性能最好,炭化时间对PAN-CHF和PAN-ACHF的收缩率影响不大,但活化收率随炭化时间延长呈上升趋势,比表面积先增后降,炭化时间为60 min时达到最大,其吸附量最大。

中空形态聚丙烯腈基活性炭纤维预氧化过程的研究

聚丙烯腈(PAN)中空纤维在空气中、不同温度下预氧化2h,接着在N2气氛中炭化,CO2气氛中活化,得到PAN基活性中空炭纤维(PANACHF)。测定了PANACHF对碘和亚甲基兰的吸附量。考察了预氧化温度对预氧化纤维的收缩率和芳构化指数的影响,以及对PANACHF的收缩率、活化收率和吸附性能的影响。

Micro-Polluted Surface Water Treatment by PAC-MBR Process

A kind of hybrid membrane process, which integrated powdered activated carbon (PAC) with membrane bioreactor (MBR), was designed for bench scale experiment for micro-polluted surface water treatment. Molecular weight analysis was used to evaluate the efficiency of each unit process and the integration of them. The result of analysis indicated that organic molecules in the treated water from PAC-MBR process were concentrated on the section of below 1000, while PAC adsorption could enhance the removal efficiency of this section due to the high percent of biodegradation recalcitrant organic matter with low molecular weight. It was demonstrated that PAC adsorption and biological treatment promoted each other in PAC-MBR process, with a removal efficiency of 70% for COD Mn and UV 254, 100% for UV 410 and 92% for ammonia nitrogen in its stable stage.