染料是一种结构复杂、具有剧毒的有机化合物,对人体毒害作用大。本研究制备了一种基于活性赤泥(activated red mud,ARM)和聚合吡咯(polypyrrole,PPy)的吸附剂,并应用于水溶液中染料的吸附脱除。通过吸附实验研究了溶液pH、吸附剂种类、...染料是一种结构复杂、具有剧毒的有机化合物,对人体毒害作用大。本研究制备了一种基于活性赤泥(activated red mud,ARM)和聚合吡咯(polypyrrole,PPy)的吸附剂,并应用于水溶液中染料的吸附脱除。通过吸附实验研究了溶液pH、吸附剂种类、吸附时间、添加量和染料初始浓度对吸附过程的影响,并对ARM-PPy复合材料进行分析表征,阐明了活性黄染料-145(RYD-145)的吸附作用机制。RYD-145在ARM-PPy上的吸附过程与三种吸附等温线关联极好(R2>0.99),其中Langmuir吸附最合适。根据Langmuir吸附模型的拟合结果,RYD-145的最大吸附量是442.5 mg/g。热力学研究表明,RYD-145分子在ARM-PPy的吸附过程中,焓变(ΔH)和熵变(ΔS)均增加,这表明该过程为吸热过程,且表面RYD-145分子排列具有随机性。研究表明,ARM-PPy具有高效处理阴离子和阳离子染料污染废水的能力,且具有较好的成本效益。展开更多
An 8-week feeding experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of dietary genistein on growth performance,body composition,and digestive enzymes activity of juvenile Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus).Four isonitr...An 8-week feeding experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of dietary genistein on growth performance,body composition,and digestive enzymes activity of juvenile Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus).Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated containing four graded supplements of genistein:0,30,300,and 3 000 μg/g.Each diet was randomly assigned in triplicate to tanks stocked with 15 juvenile tilapia(10.47±1.24 g).The results show that 30 and 300 μg/gdietary genistein had no significant effect on growth performance of Nile tilapia,but the higher level of genistein(3 000 μg/g)significantly depressed the final body weight and specific growth rate.There was no significant difference in survival rate,feed intake,feed efficiency ratio or whole body composition among all dietary treatments.An assay of digestive enzymes showed that the diet containing 3 000 μg/ggenistein decreased stomach and hepatopancreas protease activity,and amylase activity in the liver and intestine,while a dietary level of300 μg/g genistein depressed stomach protease and intestine amylase activities.However,no significant difference in stomach amylase activity was found among dietary treatments.Overall,the results of the present study indicate that a high level of dietary genistein(3 000 μg/g,or above) would significantly reduce the growth of Nile tilapia,partly because of its inhibitory effect on the activity of major digestive enzymes.Accordingly,the detrimental effects of genistein,as found in soybean products,should not be ignored when applied as an alternative ingredient source in aquaculture.展开更多
文摘染料是一种结构复杂、具有剧毒的有机化合物,对人体毒害作用大。本研究制备了一种基于活性赤泥(activated red mud,ARM)和聚合吡咯(polypyrrole,PPy)的吸附剂,并应用于水溶液中染料的吸附脱除。通过吸附实验研究了溶液pH、吸附剂种类、吸附时间、添加量和染料初始浓度对吸附过程的影响,并对ARM-PPy复合材料进行分析表征,阐明了活性黄染料-145(RYD-145)的吸附作用机制。RYD-145在ARM-PPy上的吸附过程与三种吸附等温线关联极好(R2>0.99),其中Langmuir吸附最合适。根据Langmuir吸附模型的拟合结果,RYD-145的最大吸附量是442.5 mg/g。热力学研究表明,RYD-145分子在ARM-PPy的吸附过程中,焓变(ΔH)和熵变(ΔS)均增加,这表明该过程为吸热过程,且表面RYD-145分子排列具有随机性。研究表明,ARM-PPy具有高效处理阴离子和阳离子染料污染废水的能力,且具有较好的成本效益。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31170322)
文摘An 8-week feeding experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of dietary genistein on growth performance,body composition,and digestive enzymes activity of juvenile Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus).Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated containing four graded supplements of genistein:0,30,300,and 3 000 μg/g.Each diet was randomly assigned in triplicate to tanks stocked with 15 juvenile tilapia(10.47±1.24 g).The results show that 30 and 300 μg/gdietary genistein had no significant effect on growth performance of Nile tilapia,but the higher level of genistein(3 000 μg/g)significantly depressed the final body weight and specific growth rate.There was no significant difference in survival rate,feed intake,feed efficiency ratio or whole body composition among all dietary treatments.An assay of digestive enzymes showed that the diet containing 3 000 μg/ggenistein decreased stomach and hepatopancreas protease activity,and amylase activity in the liver and intestine,while a dietary level of300 μg/g genistein depressed stomach protease and intestine amylase activities.However,no significant difference in stomach amylase activity was found among dietary treatments.Overall,the results of the present study indicate that a high level of dietary genistein(3 000 μg/g,or above) would significantly reduce the growth of Nile tilapia,partly because of its inhibitory effect on the activity of major digestive enzymes.Accordingly,the detrimental effects of genistein,as found in soybean products,should not be ignored when applied as an alternative ingredient source in aquaculture.
