泰国活景观光真叫绝

最近,笔者去泰国旅游观光,除了游览众多名胜外,还观赏了许多动物表演,留下了美好的回忆。现记述几例,以飨读者。

船山诗论对“情与景”的界定

船山诗论以“情与景”的结合在诗中呈现的意象形态为其立论依据 ;以“情不虚情 ,情皆可景 ;景非滞景 ,景总含情”为其诗美理想 ;以“乐景写哀”、“哀景写乐”而“一倍增其哀乐”为其最佳效应 ,凡此种种 ,莫不新入耳目 。

口语化与幽默感——流沙河诗歌艺术探微

一 流沙河曾对笔者说:“我说不来普通话,我的诗大都用口语写成;甚至在改别人的诗时,也改得趋向于口语。老习惯了,改不掉了。”这是实话。在一些诗人潜心于诗歌画面的蒙太奇组接的时候,在人们苦苦地从一些谜似的诗句中捕捉诗歌主旨的时候,流沙河的诗以它独特的风貌凸现在我们眼前。于是,我们毫不费力地从中见到诗人心灵的轨迹和时代的演进。它那直白浅近的语言使人们过目成诵。多少人含泪读着这首《哄小儿》:

油海诗潮的踔厉风发

在共和国四十余年的历史旅程中,诗与年轻的石油工业结下了不解之缘。如果说这种“缘份”在五至七十年代,主要表现为以李季、闻捷为代表的若干专业诗人对石油生活的热情拥抱与纵情讴歌,那么,八十年代以来,则更多映示为一大批“油生油长”的“本土”诗人的迅速成长并脱颖而出。他们用油流酿成的血性和钻机引发的情怀,在自己为之献身的广袤的油野上,幻化出根深叶茂,风采独异的缪斯之花,于实现生命腾跃的同时,构成了石油诗潮的踔厉风发与方兴未艾。而最近由樊廉欣选编,中国工人出版社出版的石油诗集《野风景之魂》,则为广大爱诗者领略“本土”

因情造文情愈深——《陶征士诔》赏析

（一）提起陶渊明，大概是没有人不知道的。有些人慕他“文体省净”的诗歌；有些人称赞他不为五米折腰的气节；还有人寻觅他的构造的“春蚕收丝，秋熟”

Analysis of α-amylase Inhibitor Content Change in Pu-erh Tea During Pile-fermentation Process

The study was to investigate the changes of α-amylase inhibitor content in Pu-erh tea during pile-fermentation process. Pu-erh tea samples from two regions of Shuangjiang County and Jinggu Dai and Yi Autonomous County of Yunnan Province at various fermentation stages were used as experimental materials to investigate the effect of different fermentation stages on the inhibitory effect to α-amylase; and the change law of the inhibitory effect of c-amylase inhibitor during processing was meanwhile studied by determining the contents of tea polyphenol and amino acid. The results showed that crude meterial of Pu-erh tea presented strong inhibitory effect to α-amylase; this inhibitory effect assumed a de： creasing trend to the minimum at the middle stage of fermentation, whereafter it increased to some extent. Made tea also showed a strong inhibitory effect to α-amylase. During whole processing period, contents of tea polyphenol and amino acid generally assumed a remarkably decreasing trend. Our results provided references for further isolating co-amylase inhibitor from Pu-erh tea and discussing the mechanism of its health care function.

A Comparison between Heathcliff and Chillingworth from the Perspective of Romanticism

Heathcliff and Chillingworth are the two typical satan type heroes among literature works. To some extent, their revenge is similar, but there are also differences. However, there are few comparisons between the two heroes from the perspective of romanticism. From the analysis of the author＇s living background and their literary genre of the two works, the paper will analyse the reasons why Heathcliff and Chillingworth want to revenge, and reflect their similarities and differences in terms of their character, means, ending, and so on. The paper will analyse the two heroes by using the methods of literature data collection, text comparison and induction, and come to a conclusion that the romanticism carried by the two authors is influential in shaping the two satan type heroes. Thus to gain more details about the similarities of the two cruel revenger, and the differences of their individuality and different ways of revenge.

Spatio-temporal Variation of Landscape Heterogeneity under Influence of Human Activities in Xiamen City of China in Recent Decade

Xiamen is an economically competitive and highly urbanized city along the coastal area of Fujian Province, China. The research on spatio-temporal variation of landscape heterogeneity under the influence of human activities is of great importance to the further study on the relationship of landscape pattern and ecological process. It is also crucial to the discovery of spatial variation and intensity distribution of human activities. The research analyzed the intensity of human impacts and the spatial variation features and dynamics of landscape patterns by introducing statistical theories and approaches. We analyzed spatio-temporal variation of landscape heterogeneity using the geostatistical techniques, such as semivariogram and Kriging interpolation.Results show that there is a higher correlation between landscape heterogeneity indexes and human impact index. Both the indexes show a moderate spatial autocorrelation as well as an obvious characteristic of anisotropy. From 1998 to 2008, the spatial differentiation of the changes in the intensity of human activities and the changes in landscape heterogeneity shows that the landscape patterns in Xiamen are closely related with the urban land utilization methods, the condition of traffic and geographical location and the physical geographical condition such as the terrain and the ecological environment. The process of urbanization has a significant impact on the urban landscape pattern.

The Scenes of the Obscene in Contemporary Turkish Art

In contemporary Turkish art, topics or items considered obscene by society are being carried out by a number of artists with protest, agitation, anti-propaganda, or strike purposes. Issues that are often seen in social life such as domestic violence, honour killings, rape, gender discrimination, intolerance against minority groups generate some artists＇ main theme in their work. Certain circles do not show any reaction to such social wounds, or even support. These circles that have no discomfort in the existence of these wounds get disturbed when they face these social realities through artistic activities. These artists are subject to threats or even physical attacks by such groups. In this paper, Turkish artists, namely Sukran Moral, Taner Ceylan, and Nezaket Ekici who make use of such obscene scenes in their works, will be analyzed including their performances, reactions, and attitudes toward threats and attacks.

Background Seismicity and Its Application to Seismic Hazard Assessment in the North China Region

The historical earthquake activity is intense in the North China region. However, no middle-sized earthquakes have occurred in the last decades in the region since the Ms6.2 earthquake in the Zhangbei region in 1998. The quiescence of moderate and strong earthquakes is quite prominent in North China. In this paper, we use small earthquake records in 1970 ~ 2009 to study background seismic activity in the North China region. The spatial distributions of seismic parameters are presented, including b-value, the maximum magnitude and annual occurrence probability of earthquakes of M/〉6. 0. Our results show regions with low b-value that include the Yuncheng region in the Shanxi rift, the Suqian region located in the Tancheng-Lujiang fault zone and the Shijiazhuang region in the Taihangshan block. Our analysis on the synthetic spatial pattern of seismicity indicate that seismicity in the North China region is mainly affected by the regional dynamic factors of deep structures.

Verification of Parameters of Major Historical Earthquakes in the North Yellow Sea

Based on existing historical data and observations from the Dalian seismic station,this paper rechecks the parameters of the three historical earthquakes of 1916,1917 and 1944 in the North Yellow Sea,near the Yalu River region.The results show that their relocated epicenters are located at contemporarily intense seismic active zones,consistent with the results derived from the data of the Dalian seismic station.The results are valuable in both revising earthquake catalogues and understanding the local background seismicity.

Orhan Pamuk＇s Istanbul

The paper is based on the autobiographic-essayistic book Istanbul： Memories of a City written by Orhan Pamuk. lstanbul as a typical old capital shapes the lives of its citizens by its spirit, culture, and imperial past. On the other hand, it is a city that lives with specific sentiments--the sense of defeat and loss, melancholy and pain because of the lost power and glory. The author analyzes Pamuk＇s vision of his native city created on the basis of the real scenes and imaginary, the truly lived experiences and fiction. The paper is also concentrated on the deeds of the Turkish and European writers that had made a great contribution in Pamuk＇s synthesis of the East and the West, the past and the present and authentic permeation of cultures he has achieved writing about Istanbul.

Boccaccio＇s Attitude Toward Women in The Decameron

Regarded as one of the masterpieces of Western literature and a ＂human comedy＂, The Decameron （1955） is a mirror to the world and the people of his time. Thus, Giovanni Boccaccio （1313-1375） took his place with Dante, Chaucer, and Shakespeare in Western literature, and many writers both at home and abroad are in debt to Boccaccio Voluminous of criticism has been done for The Deeameron as well Boccaccio. Based on the social background and life experience of Boccaccio as well as the text of The Decarneron, this paper analyzes Boccaccio＇s positive and sympathetic attitude toward women mainly from four aspects so that to have a better understanding of this literature giant and his great work.

Analysis of Seismic Activity Characteristics before the Yutian M_S7.3 Earthquake,Xinjiang on February 12,2014

This paper introduces the geological structure background around the 2014 Yutian Ms7. 3 earthquake area, investigates and analyzes the regime of small earthquake activity and the characteristics of regional seismicity pattern in Xinjiang before the earthquake, and compares the characteristics of the regional seismic activity with the 2008 Yutian Ms7.3 earthquake. The results show： ① 2 ~ 3 years before the 2014 Yutian Ms7. 3 earthquake, Xinjiang was in a seismic active state with strong earthquake occurring successively, and before the 2008 Ms 7. 3 earthquake, Xinjiang was in the quiet state of moderate-small earthquakes with M3. 0 ~ 4. 0. ② Before this Yutian Ms7. 3 earthquake, the regional seismic activity showed a short-term anomaly feature, that is, seismicity of M ≥ 5. 0 earthquakes significantly increased on the Altun seismic zone and in the source area three years before the Ms7.3 earthquake, while a five year long quiescence of seismicity of M ≥4. 0 earthquakes appeared on the east of the source area in a range of about 440kin. Six months before this M7. 3 earthquake, there existed seismic gap of M3. 0 ~ 4. 0 earthquakes and near-conjugate seismic belt magnitude 3. 0 and 4. 0 in the source area. ③ The state of strong earthquake activity and the seismicity pattern of small earthquakes before this Yutian Ms7. 3 earthquake were significantly different to that before the 2008 Yutian Ms7. 3 earthquake, and this may be related to the different seismogenic environments of the two Ms7. 3 earthquakes.

Integration and Difference of Intercultural Communication. in Idioms Translation

Idioms, composed of various linguistic characteristics, are frequently used by both Chinese and foreign people, making them perfect material to analyze different topics of intercultural communication. Through translations of idioms, we can easily find the integration and differences between English and Chinese idioms. In the process of translating, translators have to be acutely aware of not only the language differences, but also the associations and differences between the cultural background of two languages. By studying bilingual material after the translation is completed, re-comprehension of different cultures and their features can be acquired and it can feed back to our translation missions and foreign exchange activities. This paper aims to analyze the differences and integration of intercultural communication through examples of several idioms translation to illustrate the importance of intercultural communication view in translating and give translators a new prospective for translation strategies.

Modelling Regional Land Change Scenarios to Assess Land Abandonment and Reforestation Dynamics in the Pyrenees(France)

Over the last decades and centuries,European mountain landscapes have experienced substantial transformations.Natural and anthropogenic LULC changes(land use and land cover changes), especially agro-pastoral activities,have directly influenced the spatial organization and composition of European mountain landscapes.For the past sixty years, natural reforestation has been occurring due to a decline in both agricultural production activities and rural population.Stakeholders, to better anticipate future changes,need spatially and temporally explicit models to identify areas at risk of land change and possible abandonment.This paper presents an integrated approach combining forecasting scenarios and a LULC changes simulation model to assess where LULC changes may occur in the Pyrenees Mountains,based on historical LULC trends and a range of future socio-economic drivers.The proposed methodologyconsiders local specificities of the Pyrenean valleys,sub-regional climate and topographical properties,and regional economic policies.Results indicate that some regions are projected to face strong abandonment, regardless of the scenario conditions.Overall, high rates of change are associated with administrative regions where land productivity is highly dependent on socio-economic drivers and climatic and environmental conditions limit intensive(agricultural and/or pastoral) production and profitability.The combination of the results for the four scenarios allows assessments of where encroachment(e.g.colonization by shrublands) and reforestation are the most probable.This assessment intends to provide insight into the potential future development of the Pyrenees to help identify areas that are the most sensitive to change and to guide decision makers to help their management decisions.

＂Universal Design＂ Approach for the Participation of the Disabled in Urban Life

Disability can occur to anyone and anyone can have difficulties in fulfilling daily activities in a certain part of their lives. Accessibility is a crucial matter and a basic human right for the disabled people in order to join the urban life. For this reason, the physical environment must be set, starting with the planning and design stage, in a form that can satisfy the utility and accessibility requirements of disabled people. One of the most important recent concepts to enable accessible and useful spaces for the disabled is the ＂universal design＂. Nowadays, even though there is an increase in the number of scientific publications, meetings and decisions taken, the regulatory process on our current living environment is developing slowly regarding the physical accessibility. At this point, the most important role regarding the handling of social and political paradigms of disability, addressing different users, application of the principals of universal design and creating knowledge in order to increase social awareness belongs to the departments of universities that offer design courses. The subject of the study in this context is to determine the contents and the proportion of the courses （compulsory and elective） related to ＂universal design and ＂disability design＂, which will ensure our living environment to be accessible and independently utilized for everyone, in the course plan of the architecture, interior architecture, urban planning and landscape architecture departments in Turkey.

David Hume＇s Notion of Personal Identity： Implications for Identity Construction and Affective Communal Living in Africana Societies

The notion of personal identity is a topic that is widely discussed in all philosophical traditions-western, African, Asian, and Caribbean. The thread that runs through the different conceptions of personal identity is that the notion is linked with self-consciousness, whether in the metaphysical, epistemological, religious, or social contexts. In this paper, I shall focus attention on Hume＇s conception of personal identity drawing from it, and certain implications for affective communal life in Africana societies. It is a common knowledge among philosophers that Hume denies the ontological and independent existence of the self. For Hume, the self is a bundle of perception. However, in another section of the Treatise of Human Nature, Hume examines the development of what could be considered as self, placing it in a broad social context in which mirroring fellow minds have a critical role. What is significant in Hume＇s conception of personal identity is that the self is the locus of multifarious experiences and the social context in which it is placed enables us to relate the self to affective and relational construction of identity. It is then argued that this conception of identity can be used to stress the need for affection, love, compassion, sympathy, and empathy among persons, which in turn can promote societal transformation in Africana societies.

Research on Cultural Schemas for Social Interactions

Social interactions strategies refer to saying the proper words and sentences on proper occasions. They could be affected by different cultural backgrounds （schemas）. Culture is usually treated as the basis of our social interactions which influences the way we deal with problems, and even our thought and behavior. Therefore, although many communication problems occur on the interpersonal level, most difficulties and misunderstandings can be traced to cultural differences. With a deeper comprehension, the cultural differences are the schema differences which are a kind of framework of a specific culture that exists in people＇s brain and influences people＇s judgments and behavior of daily life. Furthermore, this schema conflict would also confuse people＇s judgment and make them to choose the wrong way to respond. Thus, the schema conflict interferes our social interactions.

A Contrastive Study on Mark Phenomena of English and Chinese Languages

Linguistic marker is a common phenomenon, and there are different levels of markers in various languages. Mark theory was first proposed by the Prague School in 1930s, which is an important principle of language analysis system. The function and meaning of markup languages are mainly pragmatic, which have procedural meaning and no conceptual meaning. Markedness phenomenon is not only the inherent characteristics of language symbols, but also the product of social life and different cultures. Due to the great difference between cultural background and social environment of Chinese and English speaker, thus there are many similarities and differences in the language, society and culture mark. The mark phenomena of English nouns are mainly related to the category of nouns and the opposite nouns. However, Chinese nouns have no strict morphological changes. In this paper, we discuss the theory of mark phenomenon and analyze a contrastive study on mark phenomena of English and Chinese Languages.