关于中国民族音乐乐律及演奏问题的两封信——就广东音乐的音律问题答杨久盛先生及致牛龙菲先生

沈阳音乐学院杨久盛教授询及有关椰胡演奏、广东音乐音律等问题 ,就此作答。因问题具普遍性 ,故借学报刊载。

维汉两相融 乐系三并用——基于《楼兰姑娘》等三首歌曲的音乐分析

汉族作曲家付林、浮克所创作的《楼兰姑娘》《为你》和《快乐老家》三首歌曲,节奏节拍、调式调性、律制旋法、曲体结构等方面分析维吾尔族音乐元素在这三首作品创作中的运用之道,并总结其音乐创作特征:在立足维吾尔族音乐的基础上彰显其维族风格,融合汉族音乐思维,并将最具特色的波斯—阿拉伯乐系与中国乐系、欧洲乐系共存并用,而完成了音乐体系、音乐风格层面的交融;以他者视角体现了非维族音乐家借鉴维族音乐元素进行创作时彰显了更多的多元性与时尚性;完成了都市人对丝绸之路楼兰古国的文化想象与文化重构,丰富中国当代流行音乐创作民族化的类型。

一种全双工模拟话密系统的自适应回波抵消器

文中介绍一种全双工模拟话密系统的自适应回波抵消器,该抵消器用块修正方法更新横向滤波器的系数。这种方法的收敛性能和计算效率均优于标准的最小梯度算法,且满足国际电报电话咨询委员会(CCITT)建议的回波抵消器要求G.165.

Speech detection method based on a multi-window analysis

Aiming at the poor performance of speech signal detection at low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),a method is proposed to detect active speech frames based on multi-window time-frequency(T-F)diagrams.First,the T-F diagram of the signal is calculated based on a multi-window T-F analysis,and a speech test statistic is constructed based on the characteristic difference between the signal and background noise.Second,the dynamic double-threshold processing is used for preliminary detection,and then the global double-threshold value is obtained using K-means clustering.Finally,the detection results are obtained by sequential decision.The experimental results show that the overall performance of the method is better than that of traditional methods under various SNR conditions and background noises.This method also has the advantages of low complexity,strong robustness,and adaptability to multi-national languages.

Tagore＇s Gitanjali： Reunion With God Through Songs

Tagore reaches his lord through his songs which uplift him above the meanness end of life. Music ennobles him to a level of friendship with the Creator. Tagore＇s poems are suffused with wonder at the melodies spun by the lord. These entrance the entire universe. The poet wants to sign the same way but cannot. He has been made captive in the meshes of his music. The objective of the present study is to show how Tagore unites with God through songs. Methodology adopted in this study is the dynamic analysis of the poems. The intrinsic idea is the recurrent theme in his songs using me as an offering of worship O Lord, even if thou inflict pain on me in the process. Numerous bereavements in his life, from early youth to old age, agonized him throughout. But the more he suffered, the stronger grew his faith so he could write this song. The refrain, re-iterated from the beginning to the end, enhances the musicality. Thus it can be concluded when the poet perceived the world through songs, then he knew the world and he recognized it.

Authenticity in business English assessment

Authenticity is an important issue in language testing. Business English （BE） assessment should focus more on authenticity in order to reflect the characteristics and changing teaching methods of BE. This paper explores the idea of authenticity and uses real examples to show how to set criteria, and how to design authentic tasks to achieve authentic BE assessment.

Peering Into Culture of Ancient Bukhara

Ancient Bukhara is the cultural and educational center of East which made huge contribution to a treasury of world art. Culture and art buildings were built in Bukhara and around its territory. Ancient Bukhara turned out as one of the biggest centers of Middle East in the period （era） of outstanding Somoniy （in the IX-X centuries） and Temurids （in the XIV-XV centuries）, particular, its developed literature, culture, architecture, and music art; especially, as being the capital of dynasty Mangits （at the beginning of the century XVIII-XX）, served as the groundwork of forming Shashmakom samples in groups. This time among a number of poets and artists, lived Akhmad Danish--the most mature scientist, philosopher, poet, calligrapher, and painter, Abdurauf Fitrat--poet and writer, theoretician, musician and political activist.

Research on fault diagnosis method of piston rod based on harmonic wavelet and manifold learning

As the core part of reciprocating compressor,piston rod is easy to cause a serious accident when abrasion and breakage fault occur to it. Therefore,it is very important to monitor its running state. At present,a small number of reciprocating compressors have been installed on-line monitoring and diagnosis system,most of which can only monitor a single vertical subsidence of piston rod and it can't fully represent the running state of piston rod. Therefore,a method of monitoring the vertical and horizontal displacement of piston rod axis orbit is simultaneously used. In view of the characteristics that the piston rod axis orbit is disordered and difficult to extract features,purification of the axis orbit is carried out based on harmonic wavelet and then features are extracted such as vibration energy,natural frequency and the axis orbit envelope area. After that,a nonlinear local tangent space manifold learning algorithm is used to reduce the dimension of the features and obtain sensitive features. By analyzing the practical cases,the effectiveness of the method for fault monitoring and diagnosis of reciprocating compressor piston rod assembly has been verified. Finally,as BP neural network has the characteristics of solving complex nonlinear problems,the validity of the fault diagnosis method of reciprocating compressor piston rod based on harmonic wavelet and manifold learning is proved by actual case data analysis based on BP neural network.

＂Life Comes as Spring Comes, From All Sides＂1： Constructing and Reconstructing Silence in The Noise of Time

This paper focuses on a non-linear relationship between the course of one individual＇s life and its creative reshaping in the literary work of art as experienced in Julian Barnes＇s novel The Noise of Time. Contemplating a creative process of writing, the author seems to insist on a symbiosis between art and life. Writing about Shostakovich, he goes on challenging aWs ability to deliver a clear message about life： how to put what one has experienced into words？ A creative dialogue thus established between a non-speaking, extra-linguistic, and unique self and its verbal representation in literature is built upon a relational nature of the said and the not-said. Eloquent silence is employed to transpose one＇s life experience into the realm of verbal represenation. Focusing on the limits of verbal representation, Barnes＇ character in The Noise of Time similarly strives to grasp a meaning of the relationship among language, ＂silence＂, and liberation from the self. Refiguring silence as one of the most valuable narrative devices, the text challenges the illusory nature of historical time, of historical places, and of selfhood

Prices of Apartments in Relation to Noise Level in Poland

Acoustic climate of a given area ought to be a factor of considerable significance in investment processes in an urbanized area, especially in a residential real estate market, due to its extensive influence on the living standards of its inhabitants. In the following article, the authors have given an analysis of the residential market of housing units located in areas of acceptable and excessive noise levels in preselected regions of Poland. With this end in view, an entirely new source of information has been used in the research--an acoustic map which has been defined and applied to produce the outcome of the analysis. It allowed for the recognition of whether or not the noise level influences decisions made by investors existing in a local residential real estate market.

The Guqin——Cultivator of Ancient Scholars

IN earlier times,mastery of music,Chinese chess,calligraphy,and painting attested to a Chinese scholar＇s level of cultural accomplishment.Music came top of the list,and that played on the guqin,a zitherlike instrument,was prominent in the lives of literary ancients.

Radio Preaching in Southern Appalachia

Appalachian inspired Pentecostal radio preaching maintains the Protestant legacy of that region first settled through the medium of radio. These sermons are characterized by high levels of affect in delivery, and serve to differentiate ＂preacher culture＂ from those denominations that abandoned their original heritage for admittance into middle class status. Thus, preacher culture is an act of both religious and class descent because they are ＂inspired＂ by the Holy Spirit （that is, not composed before delivery）. Gramscian notions of hegemony are used to interpret how ＂preacher culture＂ has maintained itself since the settlement by the northern British and the Scots to Appalachia. The genre of melodrama and ＂preacher culture＂ share significant parallels and content, dynamics of presentational styles, and because of these basic parallels, theories of melodrama offer analytical methods for analysis of the content of the inspired sermons and the way of life they elaborate. Gramscian notions of negotiation and consent are used to analyze the maintenance of ＂preacher culture＂, which maintains both tradition and cultural specificity that is characteristic of southern Appalachia.

The Difference of Lemma Activation Between Native Speakers of English and L2 Speakers of English With L1 Chinese:Evidence From the Semantic and Phonological Priming Effects on L2 Speech Planning

This study examined the influence of semantic and phonological priming on L2 speech planning,as well as the difference between native and non-native speakers of English in terms of lemma activation.Two potential explanations for the contrast between the performance of L2 speakers and native controls were considered.The first of which was that L2 speakers’ phonological forms are activated before selection of syntactic frame occurred,whereas the reverse is true for native speakers.The second explanation posits that the organisation of the speech production procedure is fundamentally similar in native and L2 speakers,and the disparity in performance arises from difference in the levels of activation of stored items.The results of the present experiment suggest that lemma selection is indeed what drives syntactic frame selection.However,lemmas in L2 speakers can be primed through a chain of connections demonstrated as:L2 phonological form →L1 phonological form → L1 lemma.

Fission of the End of the Century——Analysis on the Non-Rationalism Ethics Thoughts in Late Nineteenth Century European Music

In the creation works of European musicians in late nineteenth Century, it has more profound philosophical and ethical foundation, and its production and development has a profound reflection of music art on social life, but it is also a response to contemporary European romanticism non-rationalism ethics.

Lived Music Multi-dimensional Musical Experience： Implications for Music Education

Within the field of music education, there is a need of approaching the holistic view of musical experience from different angles. Therefore, the aim of this article is to investigate the phenomenon of multi-dimensional musical experience from a life-world-phenomenological perspective and indicate its benefits to music education. The analysis is informed by Dufrenne＇s philosophical writings regarding the phenomenology of aesthetic experience and also draws on Merleau-Ponty, Heidegger, interpreted by Benson and Ford, together with Schutz. These philosophers provide tools for understanding musical experience from a bodily, existential, and sociological perspective, and their complementary ideas about being and learning can be applied to musical experience in the first case and secondly its influences for music educational praxis. Firstly, the concept of lived music is defined through a discussion of dimensions of musical experience; the phenomenology of aesthetic experience; the use of several senses; the heard and the hear-able; apperception; and musical dwelling. Then, the sharing of experience in musical dwelling and its relevance to the concept of imagination is highlighted. I will also emphasize the importance of the view of human beings as holistic bodily subjects. Finally, the article includes a discussion regarding the implications of a life-world-phenomenological view of musical experience to music education.

谈王建民二胡协奏曲《天山风情》音乐风格把握

本文通过对乐曲的曲式结构,调式调性及旋法的研究探明并寻找出此曲的曲式结构内部在调式及旋法中的四音音列与调式中波斯二度特色音程等乐曲发展核心。为演奏者把握协奏曲音乐风格提供了重要的演奏理论依据。

Reducing the Gas Pressure Drop in Suction Mufflers of Hermetic Reciprocating Compressors

The suction muffler of hermetic reciprocating compressors is installed in order to attenuate the noise generated by the gas pulsation of the flow through the suction valve. However, the installation of the suction muffler affects the operation of the compressor owing to gas pressure drop, which causes volumetric and energetic efficiency loss due to the gas specific volume augmentation. Therefore, there is a compromise between sound attenuation and pressure drop increase, which has to be taken into account by compressor designers. In this work, it presents a numerical solution to the flow through a suction muffler in order to analyze the pressure field and point out the main contributions to the overall pressure drop of the flow. A commercial CFD （computational fluid dynamics） code was used to perform the numerical simulations and the results were validated by using experimental data. After analyzing the pressure field, the geometry of the muffler was modified intending to decrease the flow pressure drop. The geometric modification produced a 28% reduction on the overall pressure drop, without influencing the sound attenuation.

Clinical observation of cerebral palsy treated with Chinese massage for promoting the Governor Vessel, benefiting the kidney and strengthening the spleen combined with music therapy

Objective To observe the effects on the range of motion （ROM） of ankle joint and muscular spasm of the lower limbs treated with Chinese massage for promoting the Governor Vessel, benefiting the kidney and strengthening the spleen combined with music therapy in infantile cerebral palsy （CP）. Methods In 286 cases of spasmodic CP, 7 kinds of Chinese massage were adopted, named massage on acupoints to promote circulation of the Governor Vessel, massage for strengthening the spleen and benefiting qi, spine-pinching therapy, segmental massage, foot massage, massage for promoting the recovery of muscle strength and massage for promoting ROM of joints. Chinese massage was applied in musical background. Buddha music and five-element music of Chinese medicine （music of the Heart, Liver and Kidney Meridians） were optioned. The treatment was given once or twice a day and 30 days made one course. The angles of femoral adductor and dorsal flexion of foot as well as the score of composite spasticity scale （CSS） were observed before and after treatment so that the therapeutic effect was assessed. Results In 30 days of treatment, 106 cases （37. 1%） were effective markedly, 172 cases （60. 1%） effective and 8 cases （2.8%） failed. The angle of dorsal flexion of foot was （105.64± 12.66）° and （76.58± 9.89）° before and after treatment respectively; the angle of femoral adductor was （119.89±25.47）° and （158.99± 18.66）° before and after treatment respectively; the score of CSS was （12.39±2.56） and （7. 069 ± 2.97） before and after treatment respectivel, there was significant difference before and after treatment （all P〈0.01）. Conclusion Chinese massage for promoting the Governor Vessel, benefiting the kidney and strengthening the spleen combined with music therapy brings the extremely active effect into play on the recovery of sitting, kneeling, standing and walking for children with CP.