旋转磁场光磁污水处理反应器的流场模拟与分析

许多环境工程设备需要针对不同的废水情况进行设计,但是污水处理反应器中的内部流场极其复杂,单靠经验很难判断设备的工作情况和净化效果.为了研究旋转磁场光磁污水处理反应器的流场空间分布特点,采用Gambit软件建立光磁反应器的物理模型,利用Fluent软件对三维模型的流场进行数值模拟,讨论了3种转速下对内部流场的影响,并分析了不同转速下液相流的流场分布特点.结果表明,流体流速随转速增大而增大,转速为0.2 rad/s时,流体流动较弱;而转速为0.5 rad/s时,流体能充分循环流动,但流场流速偏低;虽然转速为1.0 rad/s相比转速为0.5 rad/s时的流体紊动动能大,流场分布均匀,但此时会形成旋涡.分析不同转速下的流体流场特点,可为反应器结构设计优化提供参考.

基于油滴粒度测量的螺旋分离器CFD模拟与验证

针对一种叶片导流式螺旋分离器结构特点,设计一种模拟螺旋分离器螺旋流场中流体转速对油滴粒度分布影响的测量实验,并通过马尔文激光粒度仪实验仪器对油水混合液中的分散相粒度及其分布进行测量。研究获得油相体积分数2%情况下,各转速状态下油滴粒径典型频率分布规律,揭示了平均粒径与流体转速近似成幂指数关系。通过基于测量粒度分布开展的CFD数值模拟与实验测得的分离效率数据对比,二者基本一致,表明了该方法在特定转速下的粒度分布可有效用于开展CFD数值模拟计算。研究对于进一步开展螺旋分离器结构、操作等参数优化及油水两相流场分析等数值模拟及分析提供参考。

插板式静态进气畸变数值模拟与试验验证

采用插板的方法模拟进气道畸变对某型发动机进行了进气道/发动机匹配工作稳定性的数值模拟,选取了nlcor=70%、75%、82%、89%、96.7%5个工作状态。对进气道出口稳态压力畸变、周向不均匀度的计算与试验结果进行对比分析,得出了与试验结果一致稳态压力畸变。结果表明:发动机换算转速一定时,周向不均匀度随插板高度变化是非线性的,在插板高度大于30%D时,周向不均匀度开始剧增;插板高度一定时,周向不均匀度随发动机换算转速的变化也是非线性的,在换算转速为82%变化较大。

Simulation of Solid Suspension in a Stirred Tank Using CFD-DEM Coupled Approach＊

Computational fluid dynamics-discrete element method(CFD-DEM) coupled approach was employed to simulate the solid suspension behavior in a Rushton stirred tank with consideration of transitional and rotational motions of millions of particles with complex interactions with liquid and the rotating impeller. The simulations were satisfactorily validated with experimental data in literature in terms of measured particle velocities in the tank.Influences of operating conditions and physical properties of particles(i.e., particle diameter and density) on the two-phase flow field in the stirred tank involving particle distribution, particle velocity and vortex were studied.The wide distribution of particle angular velocity ranging from 0 to 105r·min 1is revealed. The Magnus force is comparable to the drag force during the particle movement in the tank. The strong particle rotation will generate extra shear force on the particles so that the particle morphology may be affected, especially in the bio-/polymer-product related processes. It can be concluded that the CFD-DEM coupled approach provides a theoretical way to understand the physics of particle movement in micro- to macro-scales in the solid suspension of a stirred tank.

Rotational nanofluids for oxytactic microorganisms with convective boundary conditions using bivariate spectral quasi-linearization method

In this study,we considered the three-dimensional flow of a rotating viscous,incompressible electrically conducting nanofluid with oxytactic microorganisms and an insulated plate floating in the fluid.Three scenarios were considered in this study.The first case is when the fluid drags the plate,the second is when the plate drags the fluid and the third is when the plate floats on the fluid at the same velocity.The denser microorganisms create the bioconvection as they swim to the top following an oxygen gradient within the fluid.The velocity ratio parameter plays a key role in the dynamics for this flow.Varying the parameter below and above a critical value alters the dynamics of the flow.The Hartmann number,buoyancy ratio and radiation parameter have a reverse effect on the secondary velocity for values of the velocity ratio above and below the critical value.The Hall parameter on the other hand has a reverse effect on the primary velocity for values of velocity ratio above and below the critical value.The bioconvection Rayleigh number decreases the primary velocity.The secondary velocity increases with increasing values of the bioconvection Rayleigh number and is positive for velocity ratio values below 0.5.For values of the velocity ratio parameter above 0.5,the secondary velocity is negative for small values of bioconvection Rayleigh number and as the values increase,the flow is reversed and becomes positive.

Dynamic Control of a Flexible Shaft Mounted in Adaptive or Active Bearing

The dynamic behavior of rotors is highly influenced by bearing characteristics. In previous works, the authors have shown that it may be beneficial to adapt the bearing behavior to the shaft behavior. Several adaptive and active components will be developed in this paper in order to control the shaft dynamical amplitude. Different models of hydrodynamic bearings behavior are described. The Reynolds equation resolution may be done by numerical or analytical solutions. A physical analysis of the equation of thin films will identify the most sensitive parameters. The shaft flexibility is taking into account by a modal approach. The fluid-structure coupling process is a simulation, step by step, of the rotor behavior. At each step, the nonlinear fluid force is numerically calculated to obtain the unbalanced shaft response. The results, presented in this paper, concern the dynamic response of unbalanced shaft mounted in adaptive or active bearings： bearings with variable clearance, variable viscosity or variable housing speed. It is shown that the fluid bearing parameters must be adapted to the rotor speed （in particular near or far a critical speed）. Then, the paper presents a new kind of active bearing. It works with a mechanical control of the housing position. Several parameters are tested and compared. The robustness of the dynamic control parameters is presented. In conclusion, the bearing adaptation could be very useful to control the shaft dynamic. This limits the effect of the critical speed, in particular by diminishing the shaft amplitude and the dynamic forces transmitted to the housing.

Control strategy for multiple capsule robots in intestine

Based on the critical gap phenomenon of the intestinal capsule robot,a variable-diameter capsule robot with radial gap self-compensation is developed in this paper.With the functional variation principle,a fluid dynamic pressure model satisfying the boundary conditions of the outer surface of capsule robot with screw blades is derived.The critical gap phenomenon is studied theoretically and experimentally based on the end effect and the dynamic balance characteristics of the fluid on the surface of capsule robot.The concept of start-up rotation speed is defined,the relationship between the start-up rotation speed and the spiral parameters of capsule robot is investigated.The strategy for implementing drive and control on several capsule robots under the same rotational magnetic field is proposed,and by defining the start-up curves of several capsule robots with the similar motion regulation as the objective functions,genetic algorithm is employed to optimize the spiral parameters of several capsule robots.Experiments have shown that the proposed drive and control strategy for several capsule robots can be implemented effectively.It has a good prospect of application inside intestine to realize the drive and control on several capsule robots for different medical purposes.