A lab-scale fluidized bed is setup and pyrolysis experiments are carried out. When temperature ranges from 400 to 700 ℃, the yields of solid residue, bio-oil and syngas range from 36% to 18%, 19% to 30% and 9% to 42%...A lab-scale fluidized bed is setup and pyrolysis experiments are carried out. When temperature ranges from 400 to 700 ℃, the yields of solid residue, bio-oil and syngas range from 36% to 18%, 19% to 30% and 9% to 42%, respectively, and the mass balance of pyrolysis ranges from 80% to 95%. At 400 to 700 ℃, the characteristics of bio-oil are similar and the heat value is about 10 MJ/kg. When the temperature is over 600℃, the yield of syngas increases approximately twice as much as that at 500 ℃. The yields of CO2 and CO increase from 70 to 230 L/kg and 50 to 106 L/kg, respectively, while the yield of syngas only increases about 5% when the temperature increases from 600 to 700 ℃. The results indicate that the pyrolysis mechanism of waste paper is similar from 400 to 700 ℃, while the yield of syngas can be affected by secondary pyrolysis of bio-oil.展开更多
The influence of operating parameters and type of zeolite catalysts on formation of ethylene and propylene during catalytic pyrolysis of methylcyclohexane (MCH) was studied in a laboratory fixed fluidized bed reactor....The influence of operating parameters and type of zeolite catalysts on formation of ethylene and propylene during catalytic pyrolysis of methylcyclohexane (MCH) was studied in a laboratory fixed fluidized bed reactor. The results indicated that higher reaction temperature and lower WHSV tended to produce more ethylene and propylene, among which the reaction temperature was an important factor influencing the ethylene formation. Compared with the FAU and BEA type zeolites, the MFI structured zeolite catalyst, thanks to more acid sites and smaller pore diameter of the catalyst, was conducive to the formation of ethylene and propylene. The protonation occurred on different C—C bonds and C—H bonds in the carbon chain of MCH led to different product slates, and the protonation on C—C bonds located at naphthenic ring was favorable to the formation of ethylene and propylene.展开更多
Experiments of biomass pyrolysis were carried out in a fluidized bed, and dynamic signals of pressure and temperature were recorded. Correlation dimension was employed to characterize the chaotic behavior of pressure ...Experiments of biomass pyrolysis were carried out in a fluidized bed, and dynamic signals of pressure and temperature were recorded. Correlation dimension was employed to characterize the chaotic behavior of pressure and temperature signals. Both pressure and temperature signals exhibit chaotic behavior, and the chaotic behavior of temperature signals is always weaker than that of pressure signals. Chaos transfer theory was advanced to explain the above phenomena. The discussion on the algorithm of the correlation dimension shows that the distance definition based on rhombic neighborhood is a better choice than the traditional one based on spherical neighborhood. The former provides a satisfactory result in a much shorter time.展开更多
The influence of operating parameters on ethylene content in dry gas obtained during catalytic cracking of gasoline was investigated in a pilot fixed fluidized bed reactor in the presence of the MMC-2 catalyst. The re...The influence of operating parameters on ethylene content in dry gas obtained during catalytic cracking of gasoline was investigated in a pilot fixed fluidized bed reactor in the presence of the MMC-2 catalyst. The results have shown that the majority of dry gas was formed during the catalytic cracking reaction of gasoline, with a small proportion of dry gas being formed through the thermal cracking reaction of gasoline. The ethylene content in dry gas formed during the catalytic cracking reaction was higher than that in dry gas formed during the thermal cracking reaction. The ethylene content in dry gas formed during catalytic cracking of gasoline with a higher olefin content was higher than that in dry gas formed during catalytic cracking of gasoline with a lower olefin content, which meant that the higher the amount of carbonium ions was produced during the reaction, the higher the ethylene content in the dry gas would be. An increasing reaction temperature could increase the percentage of dry gas formed during thermal cracking reaction in total dry gas products, leading to decreased ethylene content in the dry gas. An increasing catalyst/oil ratio could be conducive to the catalytic cracking reactions taking place inside the zeolite Y, leading to a decreased ethylene content in the dry gas. A decreasing space velocity could be conducive to the catalytic cracking reactions taking place inside the shape-selective zeolite, leading to increased ethylene content in the dry gas.展开更多
The Pyrolysis behavior of two Chinese coals has been investigated in a laboratory-scale bubbling fluidized bed system in Siegen University, Germany. Experimental equipment and procedure are introduced. The amounts of ...The Pyrolysis behavior of two Chinese coals has been investigated in a laboratory-scale bubbling fluidized bed system in Siegen University, Germany. Experimental equipment and procedure are introduced. The amounts of Pyrolysis species of each coal were measured, calculated and compared. A newmethod was presented to determine the needed parameters in FG-DVC model with the experimentalresults instead of other much more complicated experiments.展开更多
基金The National High Technology Research and Devel-opment Program of China (863Program)(No2006AA020101)the National Basic Research Program of China (973Program) ( No2005CB221202)the Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of CleanEnergy Utilization of Zhejiang University (NoZJUCEU2006004)
文摘A lab-scale fluidized bed is setup and pyrolysis experiments are carried out. When temperature ranges from 400 to 700 ℃, the yields of solid residue, bio-oil and syngas range from 36% to 18%, 19% to 30% and 9% to 42%, respectively, and the mass balance of pyrolysis ranges from 80% to 95%. At 400 to 700 ℃, the characteristics of bio-oil are similar and the heat value is about 10 MJ/kg. When the temperature is over 600℃, the yield of syngas increases approximately twice as much as that at 500 ℃. The yields of CO2 and CO increase from 70 to 230 L/kg and 50 to 106 L/kg, respectively, while the yield of syngas only increases about 5% when the temperature increases from 600 to 700 ℃. The results indicate that the pyrolysis mechanism of waste paper is similar from 400 to 700 ℃, while the yield of syngas can be affected by secondary pyrolysis of bio-oil.
基金the financial support of the National Key Technology R & D Program of China (NO.2012BAE05B01)
文摘The influence of operating parameters and type of zeolite catalysts on formation of ethylene and propylene during catalytic pyrolysis of methylcyclohexane (MCH) was studied in a laboratory fixed fluidized bed reactor. The results indicated that higher reaction temperature and lower WHSV tended to produce more ethylene and propylene, among which the reaction temperature was an important factor influencing the ethylene formation. Compared with the FAU and BEA type zeolites, the MFI structured zeolite catalyst, thanks to more acid sites and smaller pore diameter of the catalyst, was conducive to the formation of ethylene and propylene. The protonation occurred on different C—C bonds and C—H bonds in the carbon chain of MCH led to different product slates, and the protonation on C—C bonds located at naphthenic ring was favorable to the formation of ethylene and propylene.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.59776036)
文摘Experiments of biomass pyrolysis were carried out in a fluidized bed, and dynamic signals of pressure and temperature were recorded. Correlation dimension was employed to characterize the chaotic behavior of pressure and temperature signals. Both pressure and temperature signals exhibit chaotic behavior, and the chaotic behavior of temperature signals is always weaker than that of pressure signals. Chaos transfer theory was advanced to explain the above phenomena. The discussion on the algorithm of the correlation dimension shows that the distance definition based on rhombic neighborhood is a better choice than the traditional one based on spherical neighborhood. The former provides a satisfactory result in a much shorter time.
文摘The influence of operating parameters on ethylene content in dry gas obtained during catalytic cracking of gasoline was investigated in a pilot fixed fluidized bed reactor in the presence of the MMC-2 catalyst. The results have shown that the majority of dry gas was formed during the catalytic cracking reaction of gasoline, with a small proportion of dry gas being formed through the thermal cracking reaction of gasoline. The ethylene content in dry gas formed during the catalytic cracking reaction was higher than that in dry gas formed during the thermal cracking reaction. The ethylene content in dry gas formed during catalytic cracking of gasoline with a higher olefin content was higher than that in dry gas formed during catalytic cracking of gasoline with a lower olefin content, which meant that the higher the amount of carbonium ions was produced during the reaction, the higher the ethylene content in the dry gas would be. An increasing reaction temperature could increase the percentage of dry gas formed during thermal cracking reaction in total dry gas products, leading to decreased ethylene content in the dry gas. An increasing catalyst/oil ratio could be conducive to the catalytic cracking reactions taking place inside the zeolite Y, leading to a decreased ethylene content in the dry gas. A decreasing space velocity could be conducive to the catalytic cracking reactions taking place inside the shape-selective zeolite, leading to increased ethylene content in the dry gas.
文摘The Pyrolysis behavior of two Chinese coals has been investigated in a laboratory-scale bubbling fluidized bed system in Siegen University, Germany. Experimental equipment and procedure are introduced. The amounts of Pyrolysis species of each coal were measured, calculated and compared. A newmethod was presented to determine the needed parameters in FG-DVC model with the experimentalresults instead of other much more complicated experiments.
