流固混合声子晶体中负折射与导波特性研究

针对声子晶体中负折射现象产生的原因以及调控波导的方法,本文研究了工字型钢在空气中正方形排布所形成流固混合型声子晶体的波动特性。数值计算是通过有限元方法进行的。根据等频率曲线确定声子晶体产生负折射的频率,并进行模拟验证。通过引入线性缺陷,设计直线和折线型波导,调控波的传播。并通过引入耦合共振缺陷,研究结构中耦合共振波导的波动特性。结果表明:在?=0°的声子晶体中,5255 Hz时波仅沿y方向传播。在?=45°的声子晶体中,3045 Hz时波的传播会出现负折射现象。只有在特定的频率范围内,波在Z型线性波导中能够较好地传播。在不同的频率范围内,波在2种直线型耦合共振波导中均能够较好地传播。相关结果为流固混合型声学器件的设计提供一定的数值基础。

Experimental and CFD studies of solid-liquid slurry tank stirred with an improved Intermig impeller

The improved Intermig impeller has been used in the seed precipitation tank in China, which could enhance the mixing and suspension of Al(OH)3 particles and the power consumption declined largely. The flow field, solids hold-up, cloud height, just off-bottom speed and power consumptions were investigated in solid-liquid mixing system with this new type of impeller by CFD and water experiment methods. Compared with the standard Intermig impeller, the improved one coupled with specially sloped baffles could promote the fluid circulation, create better solids suspension and consume less power. Besides lower impeller off-bottom clearance is good for solid suspension and distribution. The just-off-bottom speed was also determined by a power number criterion. Meanwhile, the predicted results were in good agreement with the experimental data.

Micromixing in the Submerged Circulative Impinging Stream Reactor

Micromixing in the submerged circulative impinging stream reactor (SCISR) developed by the authors is investigated with the Bourne's reaction scheme. The values measured for the impinging velocity, u0, under the conditions of SCISR normal operation, only is of the order of 0.1m·s^-1, are much slower than that inferred,suggesting low power requirement for operation. The values of the characteristic time constant for micromixing,tM, determined in the impinging velocity range of 0.184m·s^-1 < u0 < 0.326m·s^-1 are ranged from 192ms to 87 ms, showing that impinging streams promotes micromixing very efficiently. The data follow approximately the relationship of tM∝ u0^-1.5. A comparative study shows that the micromixing performance of SCISR is much better than that of the traditional stirred tank reactor. The tM values predicted with the existing theoretical model are systematically longer than those measured by about 2--3 times, implying that the regularity of impinging streams promoting micromixing is unclear yet.

Fluid solid coupling model based on endochronic damage for roller compacted concrete dam

According to the characteristics of thin-layer rolling and pouting construction technology and the complicated mechanical behavior of the roller compacted concrete dam （RCCD） construction interface, a constitutive model of endochronic damage was established based on the endochronic theory and damage mechanics. The proposed model abandons the traditional concept of elastic-plastic yield surface and can better reflect the real behavior of rolled control concrete. Basic equations were proposed for the fluid-solid coupling analysis, and the relationships among the corresponding key physical parameters were also put forward. One three-dimensional finite element method （FEM） program was obtained by studying the FEM type of the seepage-stress coupling intersection of the RCCD. The method was applied to an actual project, and the results show that the fluid-solid interaction influences dam deformation and dam abutment stability, which is in accordance with practice. Therefore, this model provides a new method for revealing the mechanical behavior of RCCD under the coupling field.

Process Flow Model of Combined High Temperature Fuel Cell Operated with Mixture of Methane and Hydrogen

One of the main challenges of biogas and syngas use as fuel in hybrid solid oxide fuel cell （SOFC） cycles is the variable nature of their composition, which may cause significant changes in plant performance. On the other hand, hydrogen is one of the main components in some types of gasified biomass and syngas. Therefore, it is vital to investigate the influences of hydrogen fraction in inlet fuel on the cycle performance. In this work, a steady-state simulation of a hybrid tubular SOFC-gas turbine （GT） cycle is first presented with two configurations： system with and without anode exhaust recirculation. Then, the results of the model when fueled by syngas, biofuel, and gasified biomass are analyzed, and significant dependency of system operational parameters on the inlet fuel composition are investigated. The analysis of impacts of hydrogen concentration in the inlet fuel on the performance of a hybrid tubular SOFC and gas turbine cycle was carried out. The simulation results were considered when the system was fueled by pure methane as a reference case. Then, the performance of the hybrid SOFC-GT system when methane was partially replaced by H2 from a concentration of 0% to 95% with an increment of 5% at each step was investigated. The system performance was monitored by investigating parameters like temperature and flow rate of streams in different locations of the cycle; SOFC and system thermal efficiency; SOFC, GT, and cycle net and specific work; air to fuel ratio; as well as air and fuel mass flow rate. The results of the sensitivity analysis demonstrate that hydrogen concentration has significant effects on the system operational parameters, such as efficiency and specific work.

Direct Numerical Simulation of Gas-Solid Two-Phase Mixing Layer

In this paper, the spatially evolving of the higher Reynolds numbers gas-solid mixing layer under compressible conditions was investigated by a new direct numerical simulation technology. A high-resolution solver was performed for the gas-phase flow-field, particles with different Stokes numbers were traced by the Lagrangian approach based on one-way coupling. The processes of the vortex rolling up and pairing in the two-dimensional mixing layer were captured precisely. The large-scale structures developed from the initial inflow are characterized by the counter-rotating vortices. The mean velocity and the fluctuation intensities profiles agree well with the experimental data. Particles with smaller Stokes numbers accumulate at the vortex centers due to the smaller aerodynamic response time; particles with moderate Stokes numbers tend to orbit around individual streamwise vortices and in the periphery of paring vortices; particles with larger Stokes numbers disperse less evenly, showing a concentration distribution in the flow field.