浮选药剂分布平衡流程图的研究与应用（1）─—水口山选矿厂浮选捕收剂平衡测试与药剂制度评价

５０年代选矿领域提出并广泛应用的金属（组分）平衡流程图和矿浆平衡流程图，将选矿工艺流程中的产品重量、品位、金属回收率及分布比例、水量走向及矿浆浓度等重要参数推向定量测算，从而为选矿流程设计、设备规格选择以及生产操作控制提供定量依据，将设计操作水平推向一个新阶段。但多年来，更为重要的浮选药剂在矿浆流程中的走向及浓度分布平衡图的测试计算，尚未形成体系。本文在对矿浆流程中捕收剂（黄药、黑药）分布于水相内和吸附在矿位表面的浓度及比例进行分析测试研究的基础上，计算出浮选药剂分布平衡流程图，并由此讨论药剂制度及浮选流程，作为定量判据，指示改善浮选过程的方向及途径。这里介绍的是以水口山浮选厂为例的测定与计算结果。

制浆造纸清洁生产与废水处理 写于制浆造纸废水动态平衡短流程循环零排放清洁生产技术推广应用十周年

研究并推广应用了制浆造纸废水动态平衡短流程循环零排放清洁生产技术,打破了"以废水处理来适应制浆造纸生产系统"的思维定式,提出了对制浆造纸系统进行调整改造以适应生产用水不经净化处理的分段短流程封闭循环回用的清洁生产方式。

多成分矿流流程质量平衡的取样方案

开发了用于达到矿物、含油砂和煤处理流程质量平衡的取样方案。研究了部分矿流/全成分取样、全矿流/部分成分取样和部分矿流/部分成分取样等情况。已经证明,在用于全矿流/部分成分取样的方案中,在流程节点处,全部节点成分的最小数目等于独立矿流质量分割的数目。在部分矿流/部分成分取样方案中,被取样矿流的数目随节点上全部节点成分的增加而降低。另外,当每一个节点上的全部节点成分的数目等于每个矿流的成分的标称数目时,得到了要取样矿流的最低数目。所提出的方案应用简单,并被几个实际应用的流程所证明。

“废纸造纸(果袋纸)动态平衡短流程水循环利用新工艺”通过河南省成果鉴定

6月27日，由河南省科技厅组织河南省轻工业行业协会、河南省环境工程评估中心、河南省造纸学会、郑州大学、河南省轻工业科学研究所有限公司、安阳市环保局、河南省江河纸业有限责任公司等单位有关专家，对滑县光明纸业有限责任公司完成的“废纸造纸（果袋纸）动态平衡短流程水循环利用新工艺”项目进行了成果鉴定。

生产系统流程再造中设施布局优化研究

分析了不同生产组织方式对设施布局的影响,探讨了传统设施布局模型的不足。在此基础上,提出了在传统总搬运成本最小模型的情况下,增加影响生产流程平衡的约束条件来建立新的目标函数,从而更好地实现总体生产能力最大利用、生产总费用最低的目标。

应用计算机技术进行选矿工艺流程计算的研究

从模拟选矿厂实际生产角度出发,根据选矿作业设备的技术条件与选矿效果确定矿石走向,应用计算机技术,设计一种新型的选矿工艺流程计算方法,发挥计算机运算速度快的特点,经多次循环计算,达到流程的最终平衡。

Dynamic behavior of rock during its post failure stage in SHPB tests

In order to investigate the micro-process and inner mechanism of rock failure under impact loading, the laboratory tests were carried out on an improved split Hopkinson pressure bar （SHPB） system with synchronized measurement devices including a high-speed camera and a dynamic strain meter. The experimental results show that the specimens were in the state of good stress equilibrium during the post failure stage even when visible cracks were forming in the specimens. Rock specimens broke into strips but still could bear the external stress and keep force balance. Meanwhile, numerical tests with particle flow code （PFC） revealed that the failure process of rocks can be described by the evolution of micro-fractures. Shear cracks emerged firstly and stopped developing when the external stress was not high enough. Tensile cracks, however, emerged when the rock specimen reached its peak strength and played an important role in controlling the ultimate failure during the post failure stage.

用废纸和冷磨稻草机械浆零排放工艺生产包装纸板

研究成功了以废纸为原料生产包装纸板过程中生产用水的动态平衡短流程循环零排放技术和冷磨稻草机械浆的生产技术，在常熟市造纸厂320g／m^2纱管纸生产线上，以废纸浆配抄20％冷磨稻草机械浆，生产出了合格的纱管纸，实现了生产过程废水的零排放，并产生了可观的经济效益。

Optimal precursor of the transition from Kuroshio large meander to straight path

We used the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(CNOP) method to explore the optimal precursor of the transition from Kuroshio large meander(LM) to straight path within a barotropic inflowoutflow model,and found that large amplitudes of the optimal precursor are mainly located in the east of Kyushu,which implies that perturbations in the region are important for the transition from LM to straight path.Furthermore,we investigated the transition processes caused by the optimal precursor,and found that these processes could be divided into three stages.In the first stage,a cyclonic eddy is advected to the formation region of the Kuroshio large meander,which enhances the LM path and causes a cyclonic eddy to shed from the Kuroshio mainstream.This process causes the LM path to change into a small meander path.Subsequently,the small meander is maintained for a period because the vorticity advection is balanced by the beta effect in the second stage.In the third stage,the small meander weakens and the straight path ultimately forms.The positive vorticity advecting downstream is responsible for this process.The exploration of the optimal precursor will conduce to improve the prediction of the transition processes from LM path to straight path,and its spatial structure can be used to guide Kuroshio targeted observation studies.

An Accurate and Extensible Machine Learning Classifier for Flow-Level Traffic Classification

Machine Learning(ML) techniques have been widely applied in recent traffic classification.However, the problems of both discriminator bias and class imbalance decrease the accuracies of ML based traffic classifier. In this paper, we propose an accurate and extensible traffic classifier. Specifically, to address the discriminator bias issue, our classifier is built by making an optimal cascade of binary sub-classifiers, where each binary sub-classifier is trained independently with the discriminators used for identifying application specific traffic. Moreover, to balance a training dataset,we apply SMOTE algorithm in generating artificial training samples for minority classes.We evaluate our classifier on two datasets collected from different network border routers.Compared with the previous multi-class traffic classifiers built in one-time training process,our classifier achieves much higher F-Measure and AUC for each application.

EPC项目采购计划管理优化研究

采购计划包含工程建设项目的采买、选商、催交催运、仓储和验收等诸多工作环节,本文特指采购过程中的采买范围。采购计划是根据详细设计文件编制而成,即在设计文件的数据基础上,考虑合理的施工余量,通过合理的方法,最终编制成采购计划;采购计划是项目设计和采购工作的衔接环节,起着承上启下的关键作用;采购计划管理作为采购工作的源头,直接影响了采购成本和后续工作环节的进行,是工程项目管理的重要组成部分。采购计划的准确性和及时性是高质量完成一个项目的基本条件,加强对采购计划的管理,采取有效材料平衡措施,不仅可以提高项目的经济效益,增强企业的良性循环,保持可持续健康发展,还能够提高企业的国际竞争力。

A General Thermal Equilibrium Discharge Flow Model

Based on isentropic flow and thermal equilibrium assumptions, a model was derived to calculate discharge flow rate, which unified the rules of room temperature water discharge, high temperature and high pressure water discharge, two-phase critical flow, saturated steam and superheated steam critical flow, and gave a method to calculate critical condition. Because of the influence of friction, the entropy is increased in the actual discharge process, and the discharge flow rate in thermal equilibrium condition can be obtained by the original model multiplied by an appropriate correction coefficient. The model calculated results agreed well with the experiment data of long nozzle critical flow.

Near ground air temperature calculation model based on heat transfer of vertical turbulent and horizontal air flow

In order to calculate the air temperature of the near surface layer in urban environment,the surface layer air was divided into several sections in the vertical direction,and some energy balance equations were developed for each air layer,in which the heat exchange due to vertical turbulence and horizontal air flow was taken into account.Then,the vertical temperature distribution of the surface layer air was obtained through the coupled calculation using the energy balance equations of underlying surfaces and building walls.Moreover,the measured air temperatures in a small area(with a horizontal scale of less than 500 m) and a large area(with a horizontal scale of more than 1 000 m) in Guangzhou in summer were used to validate the proposed model.The calculated results accord well with the measured ones,with a maximum relative error of 4.18%.It is thus concluded that the proposed model is a high-accuracy method to theoretically analyze the urban heat island and the thermal environment.

Two new methods for power flow tracing using bus power balance equations

Two new methods were presented for power flow tracing(PFT).These two methods were compared and the results were discussed in detail.Both methods use the active and reactive power balance equations at each bus in order to solve the tracing problem.The first method considers the proportional sharing assumption while the second one uses the circuit laws to find the relationship between power inflows and outflows through each line,generator and load connected to each bus of the network.Both methods are able to handle loop flow and loss issues in tracing problem.A formulation is also proposed to find the share of each unit in provision of each load.These methods are applied to find the producer and consumer's shares on the cost of transmission for each line in different case studies.As the results of these studies show,both methods can effectively solve the PFT problem.

企业的勇气：跨越变革障碍

美国Battelle研究所的Mel Perel先生分析突破式技术变革难以持续的原因，认为CEO、董事会是变革的主要障碍，并为他们分别提出了行动建议。CEO应有视变革为增加企业收入的动力而非敌人的勇气，识别变革需求，鼓励技术变革，培育支持变革的企业文化。董事会应有深入经营的勇气，要求CEO对突破式变革的目标设定与实现负责。R&D负责人应从企业经营的角度改进工作，不断肯定、强化技术变革的价值。在董事会的支持下，R&D部门的帮助下，有勇气的CEO将激发企业的勇气，最终跨越变革障碍。

Is Terzaghi's effective stress a stress variable under seepage conditions?

From the continuum mechanics perspective, an attempt was made to clarify the role of Terzaghi's effective stress in the theoretical analysis of saturated soil subjected to seepage. The necessity of performing a coupled hydromechanical analysis to solve the seepage-deformation interaction problem was illustrated by examining the equations of static equilibrium among the effective stress, seepage force, pore-water pressure and total stress. The conceptual definition of stress variable that satisfies the principles of continuum mechanics is applied in the coupled hydromechanical analysis. It is shown that Terzaghi's effective stress is in fact not a stress variable under seepage conditions, and the seepage force acting on the soil skeleton cannot be viewed as a body force. This offers a clue to the underlying cause of a paradox between the real Pascal's hydrostatic state and the hydrostatic state predicted by a class of continuum hydromechanical theories.

Analyzing Heat Extraction and Sustainability of EGS with a Novel Model

We investigate the subsurface heat exchange process in EGS （enhanced geothermal systems） with a previously developed novel model. This model treats the porous heat reservoir as an equivalent porous medium of a single porosity. However, it considers local thermal non-equilibrium between solid rock matrix and fluid flowing in the factures and employs two energy conservation equations to describe heat transfer in the rock matrix and in the fractures, respectively, enabling the modeling and analyses of convective heat exchange in the heat reservoir. Another salient feature of this model is its capability of simulating the complete subsurface heat exchange process in EGS. The EGS subsurface geometry of interest physically consists of multiple domains： open channels for injection and production wells, the artificial heat reservoir, and the rocks enclosing the heat reservoir, while computationally we treat it as a single-domain of multiple sub-regions associated with different sets of characteristic properties （porosity and permeability, etc.）. This circumvents typical difficulties about matching boundary conditions between sub-domains in traditional multi-domain approaches and facilitates numerical implementation and simulation of the complete subsurface heat exchange process. This model is used to perform a comprehensive parametric study with respect to an imaginary doublet EGS. Effects of several parameters, including the permeability of heat reservoir, heat exchange coefficient in the heat reservoir, the specific area of fractures in the heat reservoir, and thermal compensation from surrounding rocks, on the heat extraction efficiency and EGS lifetime are analyzed.

A Study of Under-expanded Moist Air Jet Impinging on a Flat Plate

When a gas expands through a convergent nozzle in which the ratio of the ambient to the stagnation pressures is higher than that of the critical one, the issuing jet from the nozzle is under-expanded. If a flat plate is placed normal to the jet at a certain distance from the nozzle, a detached shock wave is formed at a region between the nozzle exit and the plate. In general, supersonic moist air jet technologies with non-equilibrium condensation are very often applied to industrial manufacturing processes. In spite of the importance in major characteristics of the supersonic moist air jets impinging to a solid body, its qualitative characteristics are not known satisfactorily. In the present study, the effect of the non-equilibrium condensation on the under-expanded air jet impinging on a vertical flat plate is investigated numerically in the case with non-equilibrium condensation, frequency of oscillation for the flow field becomes larger than that without the non-equilibrium condensation, and amplitudes of static pressure become small compared with those of dry air. Furthermore, the numerical results are compared with experimental ones.

Theoretical and Computational Analyses of LNG Evaporator

Theoretical and numerical analysis on the fluid flow and heat transfer inside a LNG evaporator is conducted in this work. Methane is used instead of LNG as the operating fluid. This is because; methane constitutes over 80% of natural gas. The analytical calculations are performed using simple mass and energy balance equations. The analytical calculations are made to assess the pressure and temperature variations in the steam tube. Multiphase numerical simulations are performed by solving the governing equations(basic flow equations of continuity, momentum and energy equations) in a portion of the evaporator domain consisting of a single steam pipe. The flow equations are solved along with equations of species transport. Multiphase modeling is incorporated using VOF method. Liquid methane is the primary phase. It vaporizes into the secondary phase gaseous methane. Steam is another secondary phase which flows through the heating coils. Turbulence is modeled by a two equation turbulence model. Both the theoretical and numerical predictions are seen to match well with each other. Further parametric studies are planned based on the current research.