非洲猪瘟的流行趋势变化及综合防控

非洲猪瘟属于重特大接触性传染病,具有极为严重的危害性。在被发现之后第一时间扩散到了全国各地,给生猪养殖业的健康发展造成了极大威胁。而且非洲猪瘟死亡率为100%,对于养殖户来说一直是灭顶之灾。所以,为最大限度减轻非洲猪瘟的防控负担,养殖人员就应全方位明确该疾病的特点和流行趋势变化,制定科学合理的方案予以应对。

开展健康教育后脊柱军事训练伤的流行病学变化

目的探讨健康教育对脊柱军事训练伤的发病特点及规律的影响。方法分群选取作者医院5个体系部队1000名2011年入伍的战士作为脊柱军事训练伤健康教育干预组,选另外5个体系部队1000名同年入伍的战士作为对照组,调查结果用SPSS 13.0进行统计分析。结果脊柱军事训练伤的发生率随军龄增加而下降,在400 m障碍、器械等技术性较强的训练科目中,干预组脊柱训练伤发生率低于对照组。干预组各种类型的脊柱训练伤发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对官兵及早开展健康教育可以降低脊柱训练伤的发生率。

非洲猪瘟流行趋势变化及综合防控措施

非洲猪瘟作为生猪的一种高度传染疾病,一旦生猪感染后,很快就会发病、死亡,传播速度较快,必须对其综合防控,阻止疫情传播,推进生猪产业健康发展。为此,文章以非洲猪瘟流行趋势为切入点,简要分析非洲猪瘟的易感动物、传播媒介及趋势变化,以此为基础,提出综合防控措施,从而为相关工作者提供参考,对保证正常猪肉供应意义重大。

猪流感的流行趋势变化及综合防控

猪流感作为生猪养殖过程中一种急性呼吸道传染病,具有极强的传染性,会给生猪身体健康状况造成十分严重的影响,导致养殖成本不断增加,无法获取高水平的生猪养殖效益,也会给地区生猪养殖产业的发展造成较大阻碍,甚至会给人类的身体健康造成影响。因此,在生猪养殖过程中,养殖人员必须要做好猪流感的综合防控工作,本文重点对此进行了论述,希望能够确保猪群实现健康生长,为广大消费者提供优质安全的猪肉食品。

内容流行分布动态性对基站端缓存性能的影响

为了满足移动数据的爆炸性增长,在无线边缘部署缓存已经成为下一代移动通信的研究热点之一。业务模型与实际相符的程度直接决定了无线缓存性能评估的准确性,然而目前几乎所有关于无线缓存的文献所采用的文件请求模型并未考虑内容流行分布的动态变化。最近已有文献考虑时变流行分布,但是均采用了被动缓存策略,而主动缓存策略对无线缓存十分重要。本文分别基于一个能够描述内容流行度动态变化的文件请求模型——散粒噪声模型、和现有文献中广泛采用的独立参考模型,分析了采用被动和基于预测的主动基站缓存策略时内容流行分布动态变化对命中率和无线网络吞吐量的影响。仿真结果表明,采用散粒噪声模型对评估无线缓存系统吞吐量的影响很大,特别是当网络中干扰较小时;另外,已有文献基于被动缓存策略得到的结论并不适于主动缓存策略。

新型A型H1N1猪流感疫情动态及防控措施

2009年3月18日由墨西哥发端的人类大流行性甲型(A型)H1N1流感疫情迅速在全球蔓延,并已扩散到中国。新型A型H1N1流感突破种间屏障由人传染给猪、禽,并相继在北美、南美、大洋洲出现疫情。2009年4月21日,新型A型H1N1猪流感疫情首次在北美的加拿大发生;2009年6月24日,在南美的阿根廷发生猪流感疫情;2009年7月24日,远在大洋洲的澳大利亚也出现猪流感疫情;更糟糕的是在2009年7月23日,在南美紧邻阿根廷的智利的禽类(火鸡)首次发生A型流感疫情。此次新型A型H1N1流感疫情呈现大流行病学显著变化:①突破种间屏障由人传染给猪、禽;②突破地理屏障,在三大洲先后暴发规模不等、强度不一的多起疫情。因此,我国卫生主管部门、兽医主管部门和出入境检验检疫部门应高度戒备,密切关注,采取严格的生物安全措施,严防疫情疫病跨越国境,特别是防止新型A型H1N1流感疫情在人群、猪群、禽群之间相互传播,避免疫情在人类和动物进一步扩散。

Hot deformation behavior and microstructural evolution of Al-Zn-Mg-0.25Sc-Zr alloy during compression at elevated temperatures

The hot deformation behavior of Al-Zn-Mg-0.25Sc-Zr alloy and its microstructural evolution were investigated by isothermal axisymmetric hot compression tests at temperatures from 340 to 500°C and strain rates ranging from 0.001 to 10 s -1 .The steady flow stress increased with increasing the strain rate or decreasing the deformation temperature,which can be described by a hyperbolic-sine constitutive equation with the deformation activation energy of 150.25 kJ/mol.The tendency of dynamic recrystallization enhanced at high deforming temperatures and low strain rates,which corresponded to low Z values.With decreasing Z value,the main softening mechanism of the alloy transformed from dynamic recovery to dynamic recrystallization, correspondingly,the subgrain size increased and the dislocation density decreased.

New application notion of pipeline transport——integrated in industry solid waste innocuous and efficient disposition

In order to solve transport problems of industry solid,firstly,a new applicationnotion of pipeline transport was presented,that is to say,combining pretreatment andtransport with disposal techniques of industry solid waste.Secondly,the integrated dis-posal and transport system for industry solid waste was introduced,in particular,the oper-ating principles,equipment set-up,key technology and technical parameters.Next,thispaper illustrated the application of this integrated system.Such as it can transport coalsludge with sufficiently high solids content(about 72%～77%)and high apparent viscosity(about 1 000～3 000 Pa.s)directly by pipeline having no use for water and addition agent.Generally,the transport distance is about 1 000 m.This system has been successfullyused in innocuous disposition and efficient utilization of other industrial byproducts or solidwastes,such as city sludge and paper making waste.The integrated system causes nopollution to the environment for its complete seal and realizes protecting the environment,conserving the energy,promoting the development of cycling economic.Finally,the paperdiscussed the research works that were needed for studying such pipeline transport sys-tem and narrates the relevant condition and application status.

Shear-thickening rheological response of PCC/PEG suspensions

The steady and dynamic rheological behaviors of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) suspension in polyethylene glycol (PEG) were investigated on a TA AR2000ex rheometer. Under steady shear consistency index K and flow exponent N of suspensions with different volume fractions were determined. The shear-thinning and the discontinuous shear-thickening behavior were observed at different constant frequencies from 10 to 100 rad/s. The relationship between the complex viscosity and the constant frequency were determined. As the volume fraction increases,flow exponent N shows a rapid increase,and it increases dramatically when the discontinuous shear-thickening takes place,while consistency index K decreases. Dynamic oscillatory shear experiments were conducted at constant strain amplitude and constant frequency,respectively. For the frequency sweep,the system shows viscous property in entire range of the frequency investigated,and the complex viscosity shows discontinuous jump at a critical frequency of 10 rad/s. For the strain sweep,on the other hand,at low strain the elastic modulus is strongly dependent on the strain,and the viscous modulus is independent of the strain. But at the critical strain point both of the moduli show an abrupt jump and the system transits from elastic to viscous at a strain of 0.1.

Grain crushing and its effects on rheological behavior of weathered granular soil

To disclose the grain crushing effects on the weathered granular soil rheological behavior,a series of rheological tests (odometer compression and triaxial shearing) were carried out.At the same time,the sieving analysis tests of these specimens were also executed before and after tests,and the grain crushing degree,Br and n5,were collectively adopted to estimate the grain crushing.The grain crushing degree depends on the stress path,stress level,and load time,especially,the longer load time and more intensive gradient shearing path will increase the grain crushing quantity.The Hardin crushing degrees Br are 0.191,0.118 and 0.085 in the ordinary compression,rheological compression and triaxial rheological shearing,respectively;The grain crushing degrees n5 are 1.9,1.4 and 1.32,respectively.The strain softening phase indicates the grain crushing and diffusive collapse,and the strain hardening phase indicates the rearrangement of these crushed grains and formation of new bearing soil skeleton.The rheological deformation of granular soil can be attributed to the coarse grain crushing and the filling external porosity with crushed fragments.

Rheological characterization of A201 aluminum alloy

The thermodynamic characterization as well as the rheological characterization of the A201 alloy were conducted.Thermodynamic simulations (CALPHAD method) and calorimetric experiments were performed to determine the solidus and liquidus temperatures, the melting range and the sensitivity of the solid fraction at the thixoforming temperatures.The rheology of aluminium alloy A201 was examined using a high temperature Searle rheometer.The flow behaviour was analyzed with concentric cylinders of graphite to avoid chemical interactions with the liquid or semi-solid aluminium.The rotational body was grooved to prevent a phenomenon called wall slippage.Continuous cooling experiment was used to observe the shear rate effects on the flow behaviour.It can be seen that the viscosity level decreases at higher shear rates.Shear rate jump experiment was carried out to evaluate the steady state flow curve within the analyzed shear rate range from 60 s-1 to 260 s-1.It is found that the power law indexes are-1.35 and-1.49 for 35% and 45% solid fraction, respectively.Finally, some mechanical property data of as-cast and as-thixoformed A201 alloy are included indicating the potential for high strength applications.

祥云县结核病流行病学变化趋势分析

研究旨在探究祥云县结核病的流行病学变化趋势,并提出针对特定群体的防治建议。方法 采用描述性统计分析和时间序列分析方法,比较TB -DNA、TB涂片抗酸染色、Gene-Xpert结核检测3种方法,分析祥云县2020年至2023年3月期间的结核病发病率变化情况。结果 通过对祥云县结核病的流行病学变化趋势进行分析,本研究发现祥云县结核病的检出率持续提高,尤其是TB-DNA和Gene-Xpert结核检测的阳性率呈现逐年上升趋势。因此,当地防控工作需要更加重视对这两种检测方法的使用和监测。同时,对于耐药数和耐药率等指标也需要保持关注和控制。结论 祥云县结核病的流行病学变化趋势逐年提高,针对特定人群的防治方案应该得到进一步探索和实践。本研究为祥云县及其周边地区的结核病防控提供了科学依据,同时也为全国结核病防治提供了参考,促进了健康医疗事业的可持续发展。

Segmentation of copper alloys processed by equal-channel angular pressing

This research provides experimental evidence for localized shear, billet cracking, and segmentation during the processing of various copper alloys. The results demonstrate that although many parameters affect the shear localization, there is a direct relation between segmentation and alloy strength （hardness） that is related to the alloying elements and constitutive phases. For instance, alpha brass is successfully processed by ECAP at room temperature, but alpha/beta brasses fail even at a temperature of 350 °C. Finite element simulation of cracking and segmentation was performed using DEFORMTM to investigate the influence of different parameters on segmentation. The results confirm that friction and processing speed have narrow effects on attaining a perfect billet. However, employing back pressure could be reliably used to diminish shear localization, billet cracking, segmentation, and damage. Moreover, diminishing the flow localization using back pressure leads to uniform material flow and the billet homogeneity increases by 36.1%, when back pressure increases from 0 to 600 MPa.

Study and Application of New Polyamine Polymer Drilling Fluid

Adding the polyamine inhibitor into drilling fluid can effectively strengthen the rejection capability and improve the rheological behavior of drilling fluid system. According to the analysis of the comparison of the physiochemical properties of the polyamine inhibitor, a polyamine polymer drilling fluid system was established by means of adding UAE polyamine into traditional polymer drilling fluid. Conventional properties and environmental influence of this system have been evaluated in this paper. The result indicates that the polymer drilling fluid system optimized by polyamine shows a high-performance, such as excellent rejection performance, better rheological and filtration properties, better environmental protection functions. Thus it can be used in high water-sensitive, high temperature, high pressure or vulnerable formation drilling operations.

家有男儿初长成

每个孩子的健康成长,是为人父母最为关注的事情,虽说男孩要糙养,但关于他们的生殖健康问题,一定要重视。其实父母们只要稍加注意,就可以防患于未然。所以,对于家有男儿的父母来说,他们的私处问题要做到早知,早防,早治。

Dengue: what it is and why there is more

In 2014, China experienced the worst outbreak of dengue fever in the last decade with over 40,000 dengue cases including six deaths by the end of October. As one of the ＂neglected＂ tropical diseases, dengue is affecting substantially increasing number of people and proportion of global population due to factors including globalization, human settlement, and possibly climate change. Here, the authors summarized the most recent data about dengue outbreaks in China and reviewed the global trend of dengue epidemiology. Future directions for dengue surveillance, control and prevention are also introduced.

Influence of extreme weather and meteorological anomalies on outbreaks of influenza A (H1N1)

Biological experiments and epidemiological evidence indicate that variations in environment have important effect on the occurrence and transmission of epidemic influenza.It is therefore important to understand the characteristic patterns of transmission for prevention of disease and reduction of disease burden.Based on case records,we analyzed the environmental characteristics including climate variables in Changsha,and then constructed a meteorological anomaly susceptive-infective-removal (SIR) model on the basis of the results of influenza A (H1N1) transmission.The results showed that the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in Changsha showed significant correlation with meteorological conditions;the spread of influenza was sensitive to meteorological anomalies,and that the outbreak of influenza A (H1N1) in Changsha was influenced by a combination of absolute humidity anomalous weather conditions,contact rates of the influenza patients and changes in population movements.These findings will provide helpful information regarding prevention strategies under different conditions,a fresh understanding of the emergence and re-emergence of influenza outbreaks,and a new perspective on the transmission dynamics of influenza.