Acute acalculous cholecystitis(AAC) is the inflammatory disease of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. AAC is estimated to represent at least 50% to 70% of all cases of acute cholecystitis during childhood. ...Acute acalculous cholecystitis(AAC) is the inflammatory disease of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. AAC is estimated to represent at least 50% to 70% of all cases of acute cholecystitis during childhood. Although this pathology was originally described in critically ill or post-surgical patients, most pediatric cases have been observed during several infectious diseases. In addition to cases caused by bacterial and parasitic infections, most pediatric reports after 2000 described children developing AAC during viral illnesses(such as Epstein-Barr virus and hepatitis A virus infections). Moreover, some pediatric cases have been associated with several underlying chronic diseases and, in particular, with immune-mediated disorders. Here, we review the epidemiological aspects of pediatric AAC, and we discuss etiology, pathophysiology and clinical management, according to the cases reported in the medical literature.展开更多
Stomach cancer is still the fourth most common cancer;thus,it remains an important public health burden worldwide,especially in developing countries.The remarkable geographic variations in the rates of stomach cancer ...Stomach cancer is still the fourth most common cancer;thus,it remains an important public health burden worldwide,especially in developing countries.The remarkable geographic variations in the rates of stomach cancer indicate that dietary factors,including a range of food groups to which salt and/or nitrates have been added,may affect stomach cancer risk.In this paper,we review the results from ecologic,case-control and cohort studies on the relationship between salt or salted foods and stomach cancer risk.The majority of ecological studies indicated that the average salt intake in each population was closely correlated with gastric cancer mortality.Most case-control studies showed similar results,indicating a moderate to high increase in risk for the highest level of salt or salted food consumption.The overall results from cohort studies are not totally consistent,but are suggestive of a moderate direct association.Since salt intake has been correlated with Helicobacter pylori(H pylori) infection,it is possible that these two factors may synergize to promote the development of stomach cancer.Additionally,salt may also cause stomach cancer through directly damaging gastric mucus,improving temporary epithelial proliferation and the incidence of endogenous mutations,and inducing hypergastrinemia that leads to eventual parietal cell loss and progression to gastric cancer.Based on the considerable evidence from ecological,case-control and cohort studies worldwide and the mechanistic plausibility,limitation on salt and salted food consumption is a practical strategy for preventing gastric cancer.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the serotypes and auxotypes distribution of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Guangzhou. Method: 131 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae wereserotyped by co-agglutination test and 108 strains wereauxotype...Objective:To investigate the serotypes and auxotypes distribution of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Guangzhou. Method: 131 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae wereserotyped by co-agglutination test and 108 strains wereauxotyped by La Scolea's method. Results: Out of 131 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae,87.8% (115/131) were WⅡ/WⅢ, while 9.9% (13/131) wereWⅠ. The most important auxotypes were Proto, Pro and ILe,42.6% (46/108), 21.3% (23/108) and 12.0%, respectively. WⅡ/WⅢ was distributed among the all auxotypes aboveand WI found only in both Proto and Pro. Conclusion: The study illustrated the prevailing serotype,WⅡ/WⅢ, and higher prevalence of Ile- in Guangzhou.展开更多
文摘Acute acalculous cholecystitis(AAC) is the inflammatory disease of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. AAC is estimated to represent at least 50% to 70% of all cases of acute cholecystitis during childhood. Although this pathology was originally described in critically ill or post-surgical patients, most pediatric cases have been observed during several infectious diseases. In addition to cases caused by bacterial and parasitic infections, most pediatric reports after 2000 described children developing AAC during viral illnesses(such as Epstein-Barr virus and hepatitis A virus infections). Moreover, some pediatric cases have been associated with several underlying chronic diseases and, in particular, with immune-mediated disorders. Here, we review the epidemiological aspects of pediatric AAC, and we discuss etiology, pathophysiology and clinical management, according to the cases reported in the medical literature.
文摘Stomach cancer is still the fourth most common cancer;thus,it remains an important public health burden worldwide,especially in developing countries.The remarkable geographic variations in the rates of stomach cancer indicate that dietary factors,including a range of food groups to which salt and/or nitrates have been added,may affect stomach cancer risk.In this paper,we review the results from ecologic,case-control and cohort studies on the relationship between salt or salted foods and stomach cancer risk.The majority of ecological studies indicated that the average salt intake in each population was closely correlated with gastric cancer mortality.Most case-control studies showed similar results,indicating a moderate to high increase in risk for the highest level of salt or salted food consumption.The overall results from cohort studies are not totally consistent,but are suggestive of a moderate direct association.Since salt intake has been correlated with Helicobacter pylori(H pylori) infection,it is possible that these two factors may synergize to promote the development of stomach cancer.Additionally,salt may also cause stomach cancer through directly damaging gastric mucus,improving temporary epithelial proliferation and the incidence of endogenous mutations,and inducing hypergastrinemia that leads to eventual parietal cell loss and progression to gastric cancer.Based on the considerable evidence from ecological,case-control and cohort studies worldwide and the mechanistic plausibility,limitation on salt and salted food consumption is a practical strategy for preventing gastric cancer.
文摘Objective:To investigate the serotypes and auxotypes distribution of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Guangzhou. Method: 131 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae wereserotyped by co-agglutination test and 108 strains wereauxotyped by La Scolea's method. Results: Out of 131 strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae,87.8% (115/131) were WⅡ/WⅢ, while 9.9% (13/131) wereWⅠ. The most important auxotypes were Proto, Pro and ILe,42.6% (46/108), 21.3% (23/108) and 12.0%, respectively. WⅡ/WⅢ was distributed among the all auxotypes aboveand WI found only in both Proto and Pro. Conclusion: The study illustrated the prevailing serotype,WⅡ/WⅢ, and higher prevalence of Ile- in Guangzhou.
