流行结构“被X”的语义、语用分析

流行结构"被X"是当代社会语言创新的产物。从语义特征上看,"被X"所表示的语义内容可能是对现实世界的真实反映,也可能与客观现实相背离。"被X"的施事多为具有强权或影响力的人或事物,而其受事通常是事件中的弱势对象。从语用色彩上看,"被X"结构多带有"不幸、不如意"的贬义色彩,只有少数带有中性或褒义色彩。"被X"结构的出现是内外因共同作用的结果。从语言的内部因素来看,传统"被"字结构的基本语义特征为新兴"被X"的诞生提供了前提条件和语义基础。语言的经济原则推动了"被X"的出现。从语言的外部因素来看,社会生活中出现的一些新现象造成了语言表达的空位,使得"被X"结构的出现成为一种必需。

大豆褐纹病的发生规律和病害流行结构

大豆褐纹病在黑龙江省东部地区于 6月中旬始见病斑 ,始发病期与当时气象因素有关。病情在 6月下旬至 7月中旬增长较快 ,在 7月下旬至 8月上旬增长较慢 ,8月中旬至 9月初迅速增长 ,9月中旬以后病情逐渐趋于稳定。耕作栽培措施对病害流行有一定影响。病害流行程度主要取决于6月 2 0日至 8月

南海市登革病毒流行株结构基因序列测定及结构分析

目的对我国登革2型病毒1998年广东省南海市流行株GD08/98结构蛋白基因进行序列测定及分析,为追踪其地域来源、基因组结构与致病性的关系及研究开发登革病毒新型疫苗奠定基础。方法根据登革2型国际标准株NGC序列,设计2对重叠引物,RT—PCR扩增,分别克隆到pMD18—T载体,转化受体菌DH5α,挑取阳性克隆进行PCR、酶切鉴定及序列测定。结果此登革病毒株结构蛋白基因序列长度为2325bp,编码775个氨基酸。与其它登革2型病毒株ThNH81/93、NGC、44、TSV01、04及S1进行比较,其核酸序列同源性分别为98％、94％、94％、92％、92％、90％。结论GD08/98病毒株的结构基因序列基本类似于已发表的其它登革2型病毒株。GD08/98株与ThNH81/93株同源性最高,推测其可能来源于泰国。

潜伏期和染病期均具有康复的年龄结构MSEIS流行病模型的稳定性

本文建立和研究了潜伏期和染病期均具有康复的年龄结构MSEIS流行病模型.在总人口规模不变的假设下,得到了决定疾病消亡与否的基本再生数R0的表达式,证明了当R0<1时,无病平衡点是局部和全局渐近稳定的,此时疾病消失;当R0>1时,无病平衡点不稳定,此时系统至少存在一个地方病平衡点,并在一定条件下证明了地方病平衡点的局部渐近稳定性.

一类带有漏隙的疫苗的年龄结构SIR流行病模型

在考虑接种疫苗的对象(含新生儿)和疫苗效能问题的基础上,建立了一类带有漏隙的疫苗的年龄结构SIR流行病模型,得到了无病平衡点和地方病平衡点存在的条件及无病平衡点局部稳定性的条件.

具有年龄结构的SIRS流行病模型的分析

建立和研究一类具有非终身免疫并带有年龄结构的SIRS流行病模型平衡解的存在性与稳定性。在总人口规模不变的假设下,运用微分方程和积分方程的理论和方法得到了决定疾病消亡与否的基本再生数R0的表达式;证明了当R0<1时无病平衡点是全局渐近稳定的,当R0>1时此时至少存在一个地方病平衡点,并在一定的条件下证明了该地方病平衡点的局部渐近稳定性。

基于L2,P稀疏子空间和局部结构保持降维

在无样本类别先验信息下,样本间的局部结构和全局结构信息在降维过程中成为重要的考虑因素。多数降维方法只考虑样本间的单一结构。在降维过程中考虑混合结构,提出基于L 2,p稀疏子空间和局部结构保持降维方法,同时考虑样本间的全局子空间结构和局部几何结构,通过刻画局部相似性关系图,保持降维前后样本间局部流行结构一致;通过更一般化的L 2,p(0<p≤1)范数约束,保持全局稀疏子空间结构,也更具普适性;降维过程中考虑混合结构,使得降维后的样本特征更具判别性。在4个图像数据集和4个生物基因数据集上的实验验证了所提方法的有效性。

基于SVM的流行音乐中人声的识别

针对流行音乐中人声的发现问题,使用SVM分类器针对MFCC特征进行训练和分类。依据音频特征的连续性,后期对分类结果进行低通滤波。实验结果表明,该方法在帧层面上的识别率可以达到85.76%。实验中也发现不同语种的演唱者在发音上,特别是在MFCC特征上存在很大的统计差异性。实验中对歌曲分类的结果可以作为近一步实现音乐相似性度量的依据之一。

中文流行歌曲英汉语码转换初探

语码转换,即两种或多种语言变体的转换,是语言接触和跨文化交际中的一个普遍现象。自20世纪70年代以来,这一现象引起了众多专家学者的广泛关注。然而,对歌词语篇中语码转换现象的研究却鲜有人涉及。歌词,尤其是流行歌曲的歌词,作为语言的形式之一也随着社会和文化的发展日趋成为语码转换的一种特殊载体。众所周知,语码转换不可避免地会影响到语言的使用和变异,考虑到语码转换的这一深远影响,对中文流行歌曲中语码转换现象的研究不仅很有意义,而且很有必要。本文从语用学的角度来分析中文流行歌曲歌词语篇中汉英语码转换这一现象。一是分析中文流行歌曲中汉英语码转换的结构特征;二是探讨歌词作者在歌词语篇中运用语码转换所实现的语用功能。

潜伏期具有传染性的年龄结构MSEIS流行病模型的稳定性

本文讨论了潜伏期和染病期均具有传染性的年龄结构MSEIS流行病模型.在总人口规模不变的假设下,运用徽分方程和积分方程中的理论和方法,得到了基本再生数R_0的表达式,证明了当R_0<1时,无病平衡点是局部和全局渐近稳定的,此时疾病消亡.当R_0>1时,无病平衡点不稳定,此时系统至少存在—个地方病平衡点,并在一定条件下证明了该地方病平衡点的局部渐近稳定性.

不锈钢四用游标卡尺(0—150mm)

我厂生产的不锈钢四用游标卡尺是参照先进工业国家流行结构并按国际标准设计的。其主体零件均用优质不锈钢制造,且经热处理。刻线刻字均采用照相镀黑铬工艺。因此具有功能多、使用方便、抗蚀性强、耐磨性高、读数清晰、刻度经久不变的特点。深受客户的欢迎。

Flow Behaviors of Non-spherical Granules in Rectangular Hopper

Flow behaviors of four kinds of granular particles(i.e. sphere,ellipsoid,hexahedron and binary mixture of sphere and hexahedron) in rectangular hoppers were experimentally studied. The effects of granular shape and hopper structure on flow pattern,discharge fraction,mean particle residence time and tracer concentration distribu-tion were tested based on the visual observation and particle tracer technique. The results show that particle shape affects significantly the flow pattern. The flow patterns of sphere,ellipsoid and binary mixture are all parabolic shape,and the flow pattern shows no significant difference with the change of wedge angle. The flowing zone be-comes more sharp-angled with the increasing outlet size. The flow pattern of hexahedron is featured with straight lines. The discharge rates are in increasing order from hexahedron,sphere,binary mixture to ellipsoid. The dis-charge rate also increases with the wedge angle and outlet size. The mean particle residence time becomes shorter when the outlet size increases. The difference of mean particle residence time between the maximum and minimum values decreases as the wedge angle increases. The residence time of hexahedron is the shortest. The tracer concen-tration distribution of hexahedron at any height is more uniform than that of binary mixture. The tracer concentra-tion of sphere in the middle is lower than that near the wall,and the contrary tendency is found for ellipsoid particles.

Molecular dynamics simulation of water transport through graphene-based nanopores: Flow behavior and structure characteristics

The flow behavior of pressure-driven water infiltration through graphene-based slit nanopores has been studied by molecular simulation.The simulated flow rate is close to the experimental values,which demonstrates the reasonability of simulation results.Water molecules can spontaneously infiltrate into the nanopores,but an external driving force is generally required to pass through the whole pores.The exit of nanopore has a large obstruction on the water effusion.The flow velocity within the graphene nanochannels does not display monotonous dependence upon the pore width,indicating that the flow is related to the microscopic structures of water confined in the nanopores.Extensive structures of confined water are characterized in order to understand the flow behavior.This simulation improves the understanding of graphene-based nanofluidics,which helps in developing a new type of membrane separation technique.

Representation of Phase Behavior of Ionic Liquids Using the Equation of State for Square-well Chain Fluids with Variable Range

An equation of state （EOS） for square-well chain fluids with variable range （SWCF-VR） developed based on statistical mechanics for chemical association was employed for the calculations of pressure-volume-temperature （pVT） and phase equilibrium of pure ionic liquids （ILs） and their mixtures. The new molecular parameters for 23 ILs were obtained by fitting their experimental density data over a wide temperature and pressure ranges. The mo- lecular parameters of ILs composed of homologous organic cation and an identical anion such as [Cxmim][NTf2] are good linear with respect to their molecular weight, indicating that the molecular parameters of homologous substances, subsequently p VT and vapor-liquid equilibria vapor-liquid equilibria （VLE） can be predicted using the generalized parameter when no experimental data were available. The new set of parameters were satisfactorily used for calculations of the property of solvent and ILs mixture and the solubility of gas in various ILs at low pressure only using one temperature-independent binary interaction parameter.

Influence of Feed Injection on Hydrodynamic Behavior in FCC Riser

This paper studies the influence of feed injection on the hydrodynamic behavior of fluid catalytic cracking riser reactors. Experiments were conducted in a cold model of 186 mm ID with two oppositely inclined secondary air feed nozzles. The flow structure was determined by means of the axial static pressure measurements and local radial optic fiber probe measurements on different levels with emphasis on the sections downstream of the secondary injection. The measurements reveal that the secondary injection plays a crucial role on riser hydrodynamics. Just above the secondary injection, the flow and mixing are strongly affected, while below the secondary injection the effect is weak. The radial profile just downstream of secondary injection demonstrates wavy features. The effective region of secondary injection could be estimated by the axial pressure gradient profiles and/or the radial profiles of local solids velocity and density.

A 14.5Gb/s word alignment circuit in 0.18μm CMOS technology for high-speed SerDes

This paper presents a word alignment circuit for high speed SerDes system.By using pipeline structure and circuit optimization techniques,the speed of the aligner is increased,and its performance is improved further through adopting the full custom design method.The proposed word aligner has fabricated in 0.18μm CMOS technology with total area of 1.075 ×0.775mm^2￣ including I/O pad.Measurement results show that this circuit achieves the maximum data rate of 14.5Gb/s,while consuming a total power of 34.9mW from a 1.8V supply.

The Continuous Solutions of an Age-structured Host-Vector Epidemic Model

In this paper the continuous solutions for an age-structured host-vector epidemic model are introduced and studied. The continuous solutions of the age-structured epidemic model are easy to investigate and use. The sufficient conditions for existence and uniqueness of the continuous so lutions are established.

Cloning the Structure Genes and Expression the N Gene of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus DX

The structure genes spike(S) ,nucleocapsid(N) ,membrane(M) ,small membrane(sM) of a porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV) strain DX isolated in Gansu province,North-west of China,were cloned,sequenced and compared with published sequences of PEDV strains. The nucleotide sequences encoding the entire S,sM,M and N genes open reading frame(ORF) of DX were 4 152,231,681 and 1 326 bases long respectively. There were transcription regulatory sequences(TRSs) upstream of the initiator ATG of the S,N and M genes. The amino acids sequences of S,M and N contained 30,3 and 7 potential asparagine(N) -linked glycosylation sites. Homologous analysis and phylogenetic trees showed that DX had the closest relationship with strains LJB/06,JS-2004-2Z and CH/HLJH/06 that were also isolated from China and indicated the prevalence of some PEDV isolates in China were widespread since the JS-2004-2Z strain originated from the south of the China,and LJB/06 and CH/HLJH/06 were isolated from northeast China. The N gene was cloned using two primers which contained Nco I and BamH I restriction enzyme sites and subcloned into expression vector pET30a. The recombinant plasmid was then transformed into E.coli Rossta. SDS-PAGE showed there was a protein of about 55kDa as expected and Western blot indicated the N protein had biological activity.

ON AN SIS EPIDEMIC MODEL WITH STAGE STRUCTURE

A SIS infectious disease model with stage structure consisting of immature and mature stages is proposed using a discrete time delay. The aim of the paper is to investigate under which conditions the disease becomes endemic or not and to find the difference between the model with stage structure and the corresponding model without stage structure. It is shown that either there exists a unique endemic equilibrium point which is globally asymptotically stable or the disease dies out by using an iterative scheme. The effect of the time delay on the populations at equilibria is considered.

Hydrodynamics in a Circulating Fluidized Bed with Annular Furnace and Six Parallel Cyclones

Systematic measurements were conducted on a cold CFB with annular furnace and six parallel cyclones to study gas-solids flow in the annular furnace and flow non-uniformity among six cyclones. The results show that axial solids holdup in the annular furnace decreases exponentially with height, similar to the conventional rectangular furnace. The uniform transverse distribution of solids holdup suggests a good gas-solids mixing in the annular furnace. The annular furnace presents the core/double-annulus flow structure, and it results in enhanced gas-solids back-mixing than the conventional core/annulus flow structure. The gas-solids flow of the inner wall-layer and the outer wall-layer is very close at most part of the furnace height, and the wall-layer thickness decreases with height. Flow non-uniformity exists among six parallel cyclones in the annular furnace CFB. But non-uniform distribution of solids circulating rates and cyclone pressure drops show no regularity, and the flow non-uniformity is no larger than the CFBs with conventional furnace. Under typical operating conditions, the relative deviation of six solids circulating rates is 8.0%.