浅滩型湖床长距离取水工程设计与施工关键技术

泗洪县东南片区域供水取水工程总规模为15×10^(4)m^(3)/d,以洪泽湖作为水源地,为浅滩型湖床取水工程,采用了引水槽和管道相结合的取水方式。通过对结构型式、施工便利性及经济性进行综合比选,确定取水头部采用浮运沉井型式,取水泵房采用沉井法施工。取水自流管施工根据穿越环境条件及覆土厚度情况分为三段,分别采用顶管、围堰开挖、水下开槽沉管三种施工方式。工程实践表明,设计方案经济合理,施工中采用的关键技术及对策合理可行,项目建成至今,运行良好。

山区河流弯曲分汊型浅滩整治技术

本文对山区河流特征的弯曲分汊型浅滩整治技术进行研究。在深入分析滩险成因及碍航特性的基础上,采用平面二维水流数学模型,从调整分流比,改善水流条件程度,兼顾中枯水航槽冲刷能力与船舶上滩能力等方面进行方案比选,试验表明确定汊道分流比是治理该类滩险的关键,在总结该滩整治经验的基础上提出了山区河流类似滩险的治理原则、方法、措施。

嘉陵江八字脑滩群航道整治模型试验研究

八字脑滩群处于嘉陵江凤仪枢纽变动回水区末端,枯水期航槽弯、浅。上段八字脑滩由于马回枢纽船闸布置在右岸,原航槽已不能满足船舶通航的需要,而目前右汊槽窄水浅,滩口横流较大,通航条件甚差,船舶进出船闸困难;下段大石塘滩被柳莲坝江心洲分为左、右两汊,其中左汊较顺直,但枯期水深不足,右汊航槽弯、浅,水流扫弯,为目前习惯航槽。嘉陵江梯级渠化后,缩短了该河段的走沙期,改变了河道冲淤特性,产生累积性泥沙淤积,造成目前航道槽窄水浅,水库消落期出现碍航现象。通过滩群河段成库前后水流条件和河床演变分析,揭示滩险演变规律和碍航成因,经物理模型试验,提出八字脑滩群沿洪水水流动力轴线采取基建性疏浚,开辟新航槽,并辅以适当的整治建筑物,解决槽窄水浅、水流扫弯的碍航问题。试验结果表明,整治方案实施后,航槽顺直,弯曲半径明显增加,航道条件得以改善,能够满足内河Ⅳ级航道尺度要求,达到整治目的。

中坝气田雷三气藏分析及有利相带预测

在论述雷口坡组,组段划分、沉积演化及区域沉积相的基础上,提出中坝气田气藏成藏条件为:有利于生物发育的滩相带与生油岩类构成良好的生储盖组合。生、排烃条件与古隆起配置适当,纵向上,多期成滩造就的粗结构岩类为油气聚集提供了广阔的储集空间。根据粒屑岩比率圈定了上寺、中坝和汉旺三条有利浅滩相带。进而在坳陷中段预测孝泉、新场和磁峰场构造,可望钻获类似中坝气田的浅滩型油气藏。在坳陷北段预测柏树咀、黎雅庙、瓦子垭、新桥场、中心镇构造和一些地震显示的隆起区、异常区亦可能发现类似的气藏。

岷江航道碓窝滩灾后重建整治方案研究

碓窝滩为岷江干流分汊浅滩,2020年特大洪水将支汊堵顺坝冲毁,左汊主航槽内流量较小,水位下降导致水深严重不足,需通过航道整治达到现状内河Ⅳ-(3)级航道标准。考虑该滩险水毁及碍航特点,分析该滩险各级流量时的碍航特点采取有效措施,优化疏浚布置,选址适宜的整治高度,改善通航水流条件,达到船舶自航上滩。

岷江航道干龙子滩整治方案研究

干龙子滩为岷江干流龙溪口枢纽以下的天然航道,需通过航道整治达到内河Ⅲ-(3)级航道标准。该滩为典型的分汊型急流浅滩,流速比降均较大,船舶无法自航上滩,考虑该滩险各级流量时的碍航特点,分析该滩险各级流量时的碍航特点采取有效措施,优化疏浚布置,选址适宜的整治高度,改善通航水流条件,实现船舶自航上滩。

Rapid Prediction of Structural Responses of Double-Bottom Structures in Shoal Grounding Scenario

This study presents a simplified analytical model for predicting the structural responses of double-bottom ships in a shoal grounding scenario. This solution is based on a series of analytical models developed from elastic-plastic mechanism theories for different structural components, including bottom girders, floors, bottom plating, and attached stiffeners. We verify this simplified analytical model by numerical simulation, and establish finite element models for a typical tanker hold and a rigid indenter representing seabed obstacles. Employing the LS-DYNA finite element solver, we conduct numerical simulations for shoal-grounding cases with a wide range of slope angles and indentation depths. In comparison with numerical simulations, we verify the proposed simplified analytical model with respect to the total energy dissipation and the horizontal grounding resistance. We also investigate the interaction effect of deformation patterns between bottom structure components. Our results show that the total energy dissipation and resistances predicted by the analytical model agree well with those from numerical simulations.

The new finding of Neogene marine low-resistivity light oil field in the western part of Pearl River Mouth Basin

Based on the new finding of Wenchang L low-resistivity light oil field, the finding process, reservoir charac- teristics and pool-forming pattern were studied. The oil-rock correlation, neritic reservoir type, hydrocarbon conduct system and dominant migration and accumulation direction, and new techniques were discussed. The results showed that large amount of hydrocarbon generated by shallow lacustrine mudstone and shale of Eocene Wenchang formation could migrate from sag to Qionghai uplift distantly; neritic shoal-bar reservoir have developed in the 1 st member of Zhujiang formation, dip-sag faults and regional good marine sandstone layers of the 1 st and the 2nd member of Zhujiang formation have constituted hydrocarbon conduct system in Qionghai uplift ; the late fault system which were controlled by Dongsha tectonic movement constructed the connection between lower hydrocarbon and upper neritic shoal-bar reservoir. There- fore, the pool-forming pattern with ＂vertical migration and accumulation, secondary strncture-lithology-dominated＂ was proposed. Finally the enlightenment of exploratin~ new findings was discussed.