In order to analyze and test the component-based web application and decide when to stop the testing process, the concept of coverage criteria and test requirement reduction approach are proposed. First, four adequacy...In order to analyze and test the component-based web application and decide when to stop the testing process, the concept of coverage criteria and test requirement reduction approach are proposed. First, four adequacy criteria are defined and subsumption relationships among them are proved. Then, a translation algorithm is presented to transfer the test model into a web application decision-to-decision graph(WADDGraph)which is used to reduce testing requirements. Finally, different sets of test requirements can be generated from WADDGraph by analyzing subsumption and equivalence relationships among edges based on different coverage criteria, and testers can select different test requirements according to different testing environments. The case study indicates that coverage criteria follow linear subsumption relationships in real web applications. Test requirements can be reduced more than 55% on average based on different coverage criteria and the size of test requirements increases with the increase in the complexity of the coverage criteria.展开更多
This paper investigates a microwave heating method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in seawater. The influences of microwave-power, heating time and standard substances on the results are studied....This paper investigates a microwave heating method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in seawater. The influences of microwave-power, heating time and standard substances on the results are studied. Using the proposed method, we analyzed the glucose standard solution, the coefficient of variation being less than 2%. Compared with the traditional electric stove heating method, the results of F-test and T-test showed that there was no significant difference between the two methods, but the microwave method had slightly higher precision and reproducibility than the electric stove method. With the microwave heating method, several seawater samples from Jiaozhou Bay and the South Yellow Sea were also analyzed. The recovery was between 97.5% and 104.3%. This new method has the advantages of shortening the heating time, improving the working efficiency and having simple operation and therefore can be used to analyze the COD in seawater.展开更多
This paper discusses a model-based approach to validate software requirements in agile development processes by simulation and in particular automated testing. The use of models as central development artifact needs t...This paper discusses a model-based approach to validate software requirements in agile development processes by simulation and in particular automated testing. The use of models as central development artifact needs to be added to the portfolio of software engineering techniques, to further increase efficiency and flexibility of the development beginning already early in the requirements definition phase. Testing requirements are some of the most important techniques to give feedback and to increase the quality of the result. Therefore testing of artifacts should be introduced as early as possible, even in the requirements definition phase.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.90818027,60873050)the National High Technology Research andDevelopment Program of China (863 Program) (No.2009AA01Z147)+2 种基金Opening Foundation of State Key Laboratory Software Engineering in Wu-han University(No.SKLSE20080717)Opening Foundation of State KeyLaboratory for Novel Software Technology in Nanjing University(No.ZZ-KT2008F12)the Key Laboratory Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission (No.09DZ2272600)
文摘In order to analyze and test the component-based web application and decide when to stop the testing process, the concept of coverage criteria and test requirement reduction approach are proposed. First, four adequacy criteria are defined and subsumption relationships among them are proved. Then, a translation algorithm is presented to transfer the test model into a web application decision-to-decision graph(WADDGraph)which is used to reduce testing requirements. Finally, different sets of test requirements can be generated from WADDGraph by analyzing subsumption and equivalence relationships among edges based on different coverage criteria, and testers can select different test requirements according to different testing environments. The case study indicates that coverage criteria follow linear subsumption relationships in real web applications. Test requirements can be reduced more than 55% on average based on different coverage criteria and the size of test requirements increases with the increase in the complexity of the coverage criteria.
文摘This paper investigates a microwave heating method for the determination of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in seawater. The influences of microwave-power, heating time and standard substances on the results are studied. Using the proposed method, we analyzed the glucose standard solution, the coefficient of variation being less than 2%. Compared with the traditional electric stove heating method, the results of F-test and T-test showed that there was no significant difference between the two methods, but the microwave method had slightly higher precision and reproducibility than the electric stove method. With the microwave heating method, several seawater samples from Jiaozhou Bay and the South Yellow Sea were also analyzed. The recovery was between 97.5% and 104.3%. This new method has the advantages of shortening the heating time, improving the working efficiency and having simple operation and therefore can be used to analyze the COD in seawater.
文摘This paper discusses a model-based approach to validate software requirements in agile development processes by simulation and in particular automated testing. The use of models as central development artifact needs to be added to the portfolio of software engineering techniques, to further increase efficiency and flexibility of the development beginning already early in the requirements definition phase. Testing requirements are some of the most important techniques to give feedback and to increase the quality of the result. Therefore testing of artifacts should be introduced as early as possible, even in the requirements definition phase.