提高注水井测调试效率技术研究与应用

经济与科技飞速地发展,各个行业对于能源需求都在不断地上升,而且目前油田的含水量进一步升高。为了更好地适应这种情形,必须要对注水井的测调试效率进行提升。研究该技术可以更加高效而及时地保证注水方案的实施,降低对单井进行测试时占用的时间,从而保证油田可以稳定生产。主要对影响测调试的因素进行探讨分析,并提出相应的应用建议,以期为提高石油企业的效益作出贡献。

提高注水井测调试效率技术研究

通过分析新木采油厂影响注水井测试效率的主要因素,对注水井测试周期进行了优化,应用边测边调技术和引进先进的测试工艺,从本质上提高注水井的测试效率,为测调试工作提供基本保证。

提高注水井测调试效率技术研究与应用

在经济飞速发展的情况下,我国对于能源的需求量不断上升,为了适应这种局面,为了配合现阶段油田含水量上升的情况,提高注水井测调试效率就具有十分重要的意义。注水井测调试技术的研究可以更好地、更及时有效地实施注水方案,提高注水井的测试效率,缩短单井的测试占井时间,保证注水开发油田的稳产与生产。同时,影响注水井测调试有诸多因素,但是归结起来主要是管理因素、设备因素、测试技术因素。本文就是要对这些因素,对于注水井测调试效率技术进行简要分析。

边测边调技术与常规测调试技术对比试验与应用

本文主要对测试过程中常用的边测边调与常规测调试两种技术进行了对比试验,结果表明,边测边调测调技术优越性良好。

提高注水井测调试效率技术研究与应用

在所有的油井中,注水类型的油井数目最多,并且区块井分布密的度很小,注水采油反应的非常敏捷,因此,在对注水井进行注水时要按照一线油井变化的形式进行注水。然而,如今的技术是无法满足这样的要求,或者是达到这种状态,为了解决采油厂的测试力量和测试水平之间的矛盾,相关部门引进边测边调节的方式对其进行处理。

浅谈如何在水井调试中提高分注井测调试效率工艺技术

阐述了分层注水工艺技术的实际意义,并对水井调试中分注井测调试效率存在的问题进行了阐释,同时以应用最为广泛的偏心注水工艺为例,对如何提高其测调试效率进行了分析。

测调试联动技术在乾安油田应用与评价

随着注水井井数逐年增加、注采关系日趋敏感,注水方案调整也越来越频繁,为了及时有效的落实注水方案,目前我们能采取的对策主要有以下两点:一是增加测试力量;二是提高测试效率,后者是我们工作的发展方向。为了提高注水井的测试效率,2011年开展了注水井测调试联动技术试验,该项技术提高测试效率的同时保证了测试质量,为注水方案的及时有效落实提供技术保障。

分注井有效分水图的绘制

分注井的有效分水图是注水井测调试资料在应用上的评价工具,可清楚地描述出对应压力和日注水量下的层段分水状况是否合格,对提高测试队的注水井测试质量和采油队的日常管理水平有明显推动作用。

Performance analysis of three-stage liquid desiccant deep dehumidification processor driven by heat pump

A new type of a heat pump driven three-stage lithium bromide liquid desiccant deep dehumidification processor is presented,which can dehumidify the outdoor humid air to a rather dry state,even when there is no available indoor exhaust air.The test results show that with an outdoor air temperature of 28 to 31 ℃ and an outdoor air humidity ratio of 11 to 14 g/kg,the supply air temperature and the supply air humidity ratio are 1.6 to 2.6 ℃ and 2.6 to 3.0 g/kg,respectively,and the coefficient of performance（COP）of the processor is 1.8.During the test,a liquid pipeline link problem leading to mixture losses of hot and cold liquid desiccants is found.These pipelines are modified.Then,the performance of the modified processor is investigated.And the experimental results show that with an outdoor air temperature of 25 to 32 ℃ and an outdoor air humidity ratio of 18 to 21 g/kg,the supply air temperature and the supply air humidity ratio are 3.2 to 4.0 ℃ and 3.4 to 3.6 g/kg,respectively,and the COP is 2.8.Finally,a mathematical model of the processor is established.The comparison of the simulation results and the test results of the processor exhibits that the pipeline modification improves the performance by about 20%.

简易式温度传感器设计及在汽车上的应用

阐述了温度传感器的设计原理，介绍了温度传感器的调试测温，说明了温度传感器在汽车上的应用。

AN ALGORITHM FOR FAULT DIAGNOSIS BASED ON COMBINATORIAL DESIGN APPROACH FOR TESTING

Much research has been done mainly in testcase generation and its effect for com-binatorial design approach for testing. This letter presents an algorithm for fault diagnosis basedon the approach. It can conclude that the factors, which cause errors, must be in a very smallrange through analyzing the test cases after testing, and retesting with some complementary testcases. The algorithm can provide a very efficient and valuable guidance for the debugging andtesting of software.

Effect of heat input on microstructure and mechanical properties of butt-welded dissimilar magnesium alloys joint

The effects of heat input on the microstructures and mechanical properties of tungsten inert gas （TIG） butt-welded AZ31/MB3 dissimilar Mg alloys joint were investigated by microstructural observations, microhardness testing and tensile testing. The results reveal that with the increase of heat input, the width of welding seam increases obviously and the grains both in the fusion zone and the heat affected zone coarsen during TIG welding process. The tensile strength of butt-welded joint increases with the increase of heat input and the maximum joining strength of 242 MPa is obtained with wedding current of 90 A. However, lots of welding pores occur with the further increase of heat input, which results in the decrease of joining strength. It is experimentally demonstrated that robust joint can be obtained by TIG welding process.

Detecting Compromised Kernel Hooks with Support of Hardware Debugging Features

Although there exist a few good schemes to protect the kernel hooks of operating systems, attackers are still able to circumvent existing defense mechanisms with spurious context infonmtion. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a framework, called HooklMA, to detect compromised kernel hooks by using hardware debugging features. The key contribution of the work is that context information is captured from hardware instead of from relatively vulnerable kernel data. Using commodity hardware, a proof-of-concept pro- totype system of HooklMA has been developed. This prototype handles 3 082 dynamic control-flow transfers with related hooks in the kernel space. Experiments show that HooklMA is capable of detecting compomised kernel hooks caused by kernel rootkits. Performance evaluations with UnixBench indicate that runtirre overhead introduced by HooklMA is about 21.5%.

Parallel Test Tasks Scheduling and Resources Configuration Based on GA-ACA

A Genetic Algorithm-Ant Colony Algorithm(GA-ACA),which can be used to optimize multi-Unit Under Test(UUT)parallel test tasks sequences and resources configuration quickly and accurately,is proposed in the paper.With the establishment of the mathematic model of multi-UUT parallel test tasks and resources,the condition of multi-UUT resources mergence is analyzed to obtain minimum resource requirement under minimum test time.The definition of cost efficiency is put forward,followed by the design of gene coding and path selection project,which can satisfy multi-UUT parallel test tasks scheduling.At the threshold of the algorithm,GA is adopted to provide initial pheromone for ACA,and then dual-convergence pheromone feedback mode is applied in ACA to avoid local optimization and parameters dependence.The practical application proves that the algorithm has a remarkable effect on solving the problems of multi-UUT parallel test tasks scheduling and resources configuration.

Sensitivity analysis of relevant parameters in complicated mine ventilation network by numerical test

Depending on the numerical test approach on a computer, the relationships among relevant parameters, eg branch number, node number, mesh number, computation accuracy, preliminary value of airflow rate, iteration number, computation time and convergence in a mine ventilation network analysis, were investigated based on 5 mine ventilation systems. The results show that a higher computation accuracy greatly influences the iteration number. When the accuracy reaches 10-6m3·s-1 for solving a complicated mine ventilation network, the running time is too long though a high-speed computer is used. The preliminary value of airflow rate in the range of 1100m3·s-1 has little effects the iteration number. The structure of network also has some effect on the iteration number.

Adjusting precipitation measurements from the TRwS204 automatic weighing gauge in the Qilian Mountains, China

With the popularity of the automatic precipitation gauges in national weather stations,testing their performance and adjusting their measurements are top priorities. Additionally,because different climatic conditions may have different effects on the performance of the precipitation gauges, it is also necessary to test the gauges in different areas. This study mainly analyzed precipitation measurements from the single-Altershielded TRwS204 automatic weighing gauge(TRwS_(SA)) relative to the adjusted manual measurements(reference precipitation) from the Chinese standard precipitation gauge in a doublefence wind shield(CSPG_(DF)) in the Hulu watershed in the Qilian Mountains, China. The measurements were compared over the period from August 2014 to July2017, and the transfer function derived from the work by Kochendorfer et al.(2017 a) for correcting windinduced losses was applied to the TRwS_(SA) measurements. The results show that the average loss of TRwS_(SA) measurements relative to the reference precipitation decreased from 0.55 mm(10.7%) to 0.51 mm(9.9%) for rainfall events, from 0.35 mm(8.5%)to 0.22 mm(5.3%) for sleet events, and from 0.49 mm(18.9%) to 0.33 mm(12.7%) for snowfall events after adjustment. The uncorrected large biases of TRwS_(SA) measurements are considered to be mainly caused by specific errors of TRwS_(SA), different gauge orifice area and random errors. These types of errors must be considered when comparing precipitation measurements for different gauge types, especially in the mountains.

Modification of B3 Model for Sealed Concrete with Additives Based on Experimental Observations

Thirteen specimens were tested out of which nine were for creep of sealed concrete and four for shrinkage test,for a period of 700 d under controlled temperature condition.The experimental results for creep and shrinkage were compared with creep and shrinkage computation model B3 and distinct discrepancies between observed and calculated creep and shrinkage strains were observed.Based on regression analysis,modification on B3 model has been formulated which will be applicable at least for concrete of characteristics strength of C40 and C50 with additives.Besides,on the basis of observation on identical specimens with varied stress strength ratio,a function is generated which accounts effect of stress strength ratio on creep.Finally,Civil Engineering community is suggested not to follow the creep prediction models without correction at least for modern concrete,as they do not account the effect of additives on its compliance function.

Design of deep-water omnidirectional spirit level

Attitude adjustment is a key link in the installation process of underwater facilities in deep water.To solve this problem,an omnidirectional spirit level for deep water was developed.The sealing principle of the spirit level and the principle of deep-water pressure resistance are analyzed,and the threaded connection strength is checked.The mechanical simulation verifies that the spirit level can withstand the pressure of 2000 m water depth,and the water pressure test is carried out for 30 min in a 20 MPa hyperbaric chamber.After the experiment is completed,the appearance of the spirit level is intact and there is no leakage.The experiment results show that the deep-water omnidirectional spirit level can be used in the deep sea within 2000 m.

Adjustment of B3 model for drying concrete with additives based on experimental data

All currently avalable concrete creep predicting models cannot describe well the creep of a concrete structure because they all leave the effects of additives out of consideration. The purpose of this work was to modify model B3 for overcoming this deficiency. We tested thirteen specimens of C40 and C50 concrete with additives, out of which nine were for creep and four for shrinkage tests over a 700 d period under controlled temperature. We compared the experimental results for creep and shrinkage with those obtained by using model B3, and derived modification terms through regression analysis. Based on the experimental results of identical specimens under varied stress levels, we also derived a function considering the effect of stress level on creep. It is suggested that the creep prediction models without adjustment should not be used for modem concrete with a variety of additives.

Teaching Programming Concepts to K-12 Teachers With Scratch

This study aims to investigate teaching programming concepts to K-12 teachers with Scratch. A total of 10 K-12 teachers enrolled in one graduate course participated in this study. They received lectures, took practices and exercises of Scratch programming and were then asked to design and implement their projects before the semester. It was found that teaching programming concepts to K-12 teachers with Scratch is feasible. K-12 teachers with less computer background can learned basic programming concepts and applied them in their project code implementation. Although no significant difference was found between participants＇ pre-test and post-test on programming self-efficacy, positive attitudes toward learning Scratch programming was revealed in the questionnaire survey and results of interviews. This study paves a way for referring to the teaching of programming concepts for K- 12 teachers.