过程分离程序的测量限度及其解决办法

Jacoby提出的过程分离程序可以将认知作业过程中的有意识加工和无意识加工成分分离出来 ,这被认为是意识测量研究上的一个重要进展。但这一程序的有效性需要得到相关实验假设的支持 ,而在研究过程中却发现了这些实验假设被违背的证据 ,这导致研究者对程序的有效性的怀疑。从实验测量的角度看 ,实验假设被违背的根源在于实际测量过程达不到理论设计的要求。其中 ,测量变异和取样偏差是主要的影响因素。这里提出的新的解决方案强调了理论设计和实验测量的有机结合 ,它可以解决过程分离程序的有效性问题。

Experimental and simulation investigation into the cause and treatment of rail corrugation for metro

The cause and treatment of rail corrugation for the metro have always been a popular and challenging issue. In this work, the field measurements were carried out on rail corrugation, track stiffness, and the track dynamic response. A three-dimensional finite element model was developed to investigate the cause of rail corrugation. The constraints on rail vibration from two wheelsets and adjacent wheel-rail interactions were taken into account in the model. According to experimental and simulation results, the suppression measure for rail corrugation was proposed and the suppression mechanism was discussed. It was found that the cause of rail corrugation is related to vertical and lateral vibration of the rails outside the two wheelsets at around 380 Hz. The increased stiffness of the fasteners reduces the vibration energy of the rail and the wheel-rail force. However, simply increasing the stiffness of the fasteners may not be effective in the suppression of rail corrugation. If necessary, the rails need to be grinded to reduce the roughness to a certain level, so that increasing the fastener stiffness can effectively suppress the rail corrugation.

Passive target tracking with intermittent measurement based on random finite set

In the tracking problem for the maritime radiation source by a passive sensor,there are three main difficulties,i.e.,the poor observability of the radiation source,the detection uncertainty(false and missed detections)and the uncertainty of the target appearing/disappearing in the field of view.These difficulties can make the establishment or maintenance of the radiation source target track invalid.By incorporating the elevation information of the passive sensor into the automatic bearings-only tracking(BOT)and consolidating these uncertainties under the framework of random finite set(RFS),a novel approach for tracking maritime radiation source target with intermittent measurement was proposed.Under the RFS framework,the target state was represented as a set that can take on either an empty set or a singleton; meanwhile,the measurement uncertainty was modeled as a Bernoulli random finite set.Moreover,the elevation information of the sensor platform was introduced to ensure observability of passive measurements and obtain the unique target localization.Simulation experiments verify the validity of the proposed approach for tracking maritime radiation source and demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach in comparison with the traditional integrated probabilistic data association(IPDA)method.The tracking performance under different conditions,particularly involving different existence probabilities and different appearance durations of the target,indicates that the method to solve our problem is robust and effective.

Key parameters controlling electrical resistivity and strength of cement treated soils

The improvement of question soils with cement shows great technical, economic and environmental advantages. And interest in introducing electrical resistivity measurement to assess the quality of cement treated soils has increased markedly recently due to its economical, non-destructive, and relatively non-invasive advantages. This work aims to quantify the effect of cement content （aw）, porosity （nt）, and curing time（T） on the electrical resistivity （p） and unconfined compression strength （UCS） of cement treated soil. A series of electrical resistivity tests and UCS tests of cement treated soil specimen after various curing periods were carried out. A modified Archie empirical law was proposed taking into account the effect of cement content and curing period on the electrical resistivity of cement treated soil. The results show that nt/（aw·T） and nt/（aw·T^1/2） ratio are appropriate parameters to assess electrical resistivity and UCS of cement treated soil, respectively. Finally, the relationship between UCS and electrical resistivity was also established.

The study of temperature effects on steel box girder for Taizhou Bridge

Using the temperature gradient which was proposed by continuously measuring flat steel box girder of Runyang Bridge, temperature effects of flat steel box girder were studied for Taizhou Bridge. With three temperature gradient models （JTG D60--2004 specification, BS5400 specification and the temperature gradient which was proposed in this paper）, the stress of control sections was calculated by finite element program ANSYS. The calculated result indicated that the temperature gradient that was put forward in JTG D60-2004 specification and BS5400 specification for calculating the stress of fiat steel box girder was not suitable to apply to fiat steel box girder. The temperature gradient on flat steel box girder which was proposed in this paper was reasonable.

Selection of extractive agent for mixture chlorobenzene and measurement of VLE data for m-dichlorobenzene-p-dichlorobenzene -o-dichlorobenzene -diphenylamine

Extractive agents of extractive distillation separation for mixtures of dichlorobenzene were analyzed and compared, gas-liquid equilibrium data （VLE data） was measured for dichlorobenzene and diphenylamine, the appropriate extractive agent was selected by relatively volatility, the temperature was studied on the effect of extractive separation. VLE data was measured for dichlorobenzene, the parameters were simulated in Wilson equation. The infinite dilute activity coefficient of dichlorobenzene in diphenylamine were measured by chromatogram apparatus, the model parameters were correlated by the single parameter method for dichlorobenzene and diphenyl -amine, VLE data of m-dichlorobenzene-p- dichlorobenzene -o-dichlorobenzene-diphenylamine system was measured and calculated by six part model parameters. The results of correlation and experiment were provided a basis for study of extractive distillation simulation and experiment in this work.

Seasonal Temperature Variations of Lake Vrana on the Island of Cres and Possible Influence of Global Climate Changes

Lake Vrana on the island of Cres is one of the largest fresh water features on Mediterranean islands. The maximum depth of the lake is 72 m and it stores 220 million m3 of fresh water. The paper provides an overview of lake and groundwater temperature measurements to date and recent activities within the EU project ＂CC-WaterS （Climate Change and Impacts on Water Supply）＂. Groundwater temperatures in the lake surrounding are almost constant throughout the year, in the range from 14.6 ℃ to 13.1 ℃, while thermodynamic cycle of the lake conforms to the characteristics of a monomictic, medium depth lake in the moderate climate belt. Present and future climate simulations using three limited area models were analyzed （Aladin, Promes and RegCM3）, they pointed out further air temperature increase in range of 0.27 ℃/10 yrs to 0.32 ℃/10 yrs. The significant changes of precipitation rates were not indicated. Considering increasing water consumption from the lake, already asserted negative trends, indicated climate changes and possible effects on the lake recharge, it is necessary to establish continual monitoring of parameters that describe lake system behaviour and periodically analyze lake conditions, especially with respect to the extraction for the public water supply.

Partial functional linear quantile regression

This paper studies estimation in partial functional linear quantile regression in which the dependent variable is related to both a vector of finite length and a function-valued random variable as predictor variables. The slope function is estimated by the functional principal component basis. The asymptotic distribution of the estimator of the vector of slope parameters is derived and the global convergence rate of the quantile estimator of unknown slope function is established under suitable norm. It is showed that this rate is optirnal in a minimax sense under some smoothness assumptions on the covariance kernel of the covariate and the slope function. The convergence rate of the mean squared prediction error for the proposed estimators is also established. Finite sample properties of our procedures are studied through Monte Carlo simulations. A real data example about Berkeley growth data is used to illustrate our proposed methodology.

Tomographic TR-PIV measurement of coherent structure spatial topology utilizing an improved quadrant splitting method

In this paper,we calculated the spatial local-averaged velocity strains along the streamwise direction at four spatial scales according to the concept of spatial local-averaged velocity structure function by using the three-dimensional three-component database of time series of velocity vector field in the turbulent boundary layer measured by tomographic time-resolved particle image velocimetry.An improved quadrant splitting method,based on the spatial local-averaged velocity strains together with a new conditional sampling phase average technique,was introduced as a criterion to detect the coherent structure topology.Furthermore,we used them to detect and extract the spatial topologies of fluctuating velocity and fluctuating vorticity whose center is a strong second-quadrant event(Q2) or a fourth-quadrant event(Q4).Results illustrate that a closer similarity of the multi-scale coherent structures is present in the wall-normal direction,compared to the one in the other two directions.The relationship among such topological coherent structures and Reynolds stress bursting events,as well as the fluctuating vorticity was discussed.When other burst events are surveyed(the first-quadrant event Q1 and the third-quadrant event Q3),a fascinating bursting period circularly occurs:Q4-S-Q2-Q3-Q2-Q1-Q4-S-Q2-Q3-Q2-Q1 in the center of such topological structures along the streamwise direction.In addition,the probability of the Q2 bursting event occurrence is slightly higher than that of the Q4 event occurrence.The spatial instable singularity that almost simultaneously appears together with typical Q2 or Q4 events has been observed,which is the main character of the mutual induction mechanism and vortex auto-generation mechanism explaining how the turbulence is produced and maintained.