认知诊断评价中测验结构的优化设计

Q矩阵是认知诊断评价的基础和核心要素,它反映了测验的构念和内容设计,直接影响着测验诊断分类的效果。本文采用Monte Carlo模拟,研究了6种属性层级关系下,不同的Q矩阵设计对于认知诊断效果的影响。用模式判准率的均值和标准差分别从分类准确性和稳定性的角度来评价诊断效果。实验结果表明:(1)不同属性层级关系下,分类准确性会随着测验长度的增加而提高,但当测验长度增加到一定程度时,会出现"天花板效应";(2)Q矩阵中R*的个数(NR*)会影响测验的分类准确性及稳定性:NR*越大,测验的分类稳定性越高,当测验长度为属性个数的整数倍,且NR*为测验长度相对属性个数的最大奇数倍时分类准确性最高;(3)Q矩阵中除R*以外的项目考察的属性个数会随着属性层级关系的不同对测验的分类准确性和稳定性产生不同的影响。根据实验结果,本研究提出了进行诊断评价时Q矩阵优化设计的一些建议。

音乐能力测验:结构拓展与分析方式的转换

从测验结构上,一般音乐能力测验包含基本认知能力、审美能力和创造能力测验。而现代音乐能力测验延伸到奏唱能力、表演交流能力和个体特质测验,从结构上对其进行拓展和完善。另一方面,从分析方式上,教育测验从总结性评价朝形成性评价方向发展。以美国国家评价与教育计划(NAEP)为例对测验项目进行属性层面的分析,证明了音乐能力认知诊断测验(CDA)的可能性。未来的研究应注意音乐能力测验结构的完整性和系统性,并将音乐能力认知诊断测验应用到实际当中。

客观结构式临床测验在双语教学中的应用

目的将简化的客观结构式临床测验(Objective Structured Clinical Examination,OSCE)引入临床双语教学,研究其提高双语教学效率的作用,以探讨建立一种新的双语教学模式的可行性。方法将OSCE中几种临床常见疾病的病史采集、体格检查等相关内容译成双语,以培训过的临床医师扮演标准化病人(Standardized Patients,SP),训练学生来进行双语的病史采集和体格检查,最后对学生在规定时间内独立完成的相应项目进行评估。结果经过OSCE方式训练过的学生,能较好地运用英语进行问诊及体查。结论客观结构式临床测验对提高双语教学的效率有一定作用。

客观结构式临床测验引入临床双语教学的方式及要点

总结将客观结构式临床测验(Objective Structured Clinical Examination,OSCE)引入临床双语教学实践后的实施要点及经验,探讨双语教学方式的改进。

客观结构式临床技能测验在台湾护理教育中的应用与发展

客观结构式临床技能测验(OSCE)在医学教育中已运用多年,现在正逐渐应用于护理临床教学,未来将尝试应用于护理专业证照评量。为借鉴台湾在OSCE方面的先进做法,帮助内地护理教育者对OSCE有一个全面科学的认识,本文就OSCE在台湾护理教育中的应用进行介绍,以期推进OSCE在内地护理教育中的运用,从而改善护理教育与临床教学质量,提升护理专业学生学习成效。

运用客观结构化教学测验评价社区全科师资教学能力的提升

运用客观结构化教学测验(OSTE)评价培训前后社区师资的教学能力,探讨OSTE在社区全科师资的应用前景。方法:选取上海市2家社区卫生服务中心16名中级以上的全科师资,应用调查问卷了解培训需求,根据需求设定培训方案进行一年的培训,培训前后运用OSTE进行教学能力评估,评价培训后教学能力有无提升。结果:培训前后教学四站P值均<0.01;培训前后整体教学,P<0.01;培训后满意度结果为(82.38±2.52)分。结论:培训的满意度评分良好,培训后全科师资教学能力提升,OSTE在评价社区师资教学能力中应用良好。

对学生学习能力结构的Fuzzy评价

通过设置结构性测验试题，运用 Ｆｕｚｚｙ评价方法对学生学习能力进行对比评价，得出不同成绩段学生群具有的不同能力差异，并提出针对性提高学生学习能力的教学对策．

赫斯特职业评估系统的修订及地域性常模的初建

该文对美国赫斯特评估系统公司推出的《赫斯特职业评估系统》( 1 992年版 )作了修订。修订工作自 1 997始 ,2 0 0 0年结束。修订后的 1 0项纸笔测验和 8项操作测验中 ,有 2项开发出了计算机测试软件并制作了光盘。标准化样组由江苏省 1 3个地级市随机抽样的 1 32 0名被试组成。修订的测验结构效度较好 ,信度较高。

客观结构式临床测验促进临床双语教学的探索

总结并分析将客观结构式临床测验（ Objective structured clinical examination,OSCE）引入双语教学的实施过程，从其引入的方式、应用于双语教学的优点、不足、改进对策、教师与学生双方的感受及反馈意见等多方面，探讨其对双语教学的促进作用和可改进的地方。

Dynamic analysis of elastic screen surface with multiple attached substructures and experimental validation

A feasible method to improve the reliability and processing efficiency of large vibrating screen via the application of an elastic screen surface with multiple attached substructures （ESSMAS） was proposed. In the ESSMAS, every screen rod, with ends embedded into elastomer, is coupled to the main screen structure in a relatively flexible manner. The theoretical analysis was conducted, which consists of establishing dynamic model promoted from the fuzzy structure theory as well as calculating for the equivalent stiffness of each attached structure. According to the numerical simulation using the NEWMARK-fl integration method, this assembling pattern significantly leads to the screen surface/rod having larger vibration intensity than that of the corresponding position on screen structure, which specifically, with an averaged acceleration amplitude increasing ratio of 11.37% in theoretical analysis and 20.27% in experimental test. The experimental results, within a tolerant error, also confirm the established model and demonstrate the feasibility of ESSMAS.

产业大厦施工测量的主要项目和预控措施

产业大厦由Ｄ楼、Ｅ楼和裙房３部分组成。Ｄ楼地下３层，地上２４层，屋顶高度为１０３．９００ｍ；Ｅ楼地下３层，地上９层，檐高３８．７００ｍ；裙房地下３层，地上４层。Ｄ、Ｅ楼基础为筏板基础，裙房为独立柱基，基底标高为－１３．５００ｍ。１定位测量工程定位放线...

Full-Ring Experimental Study of the Lining Structure of Shanghai Changjiang Tunnel

Shanghai Changjiang Tunnel, 15 m in diameter, is one of the world＇s largest shield-driven tunnels in diameter. Tongji University has recently carried out a test on the full-scale three-ring lining structure of Changjiang Tunnel. This paper introduces the testing processes, including loading apparatuses, test contents, test cases, etc., and makes comparison with other shield lining structure tests conducted before, and finally gives some evaluations on the design of the tunnel.

台湾专科护理师制度建设历程

1997年,台湾整体医疗体系在急速变化的大环境中,医疗界因健保的冲突无可讳言,面对竞争该如何生存呢?各家医疗院所纷纷萌生对策,积极推动医疗资源整合、全面性改善医疗质量与推进医疗管理。而无论策略联盟或垂直整合,甚至活化经营、成本效益、营运绩效、人才培育等,其目的无非顺应时代潮流,利用最少的资源使质量效益最大化,最终受益于患者。

经理人员的智力结构测验(SOI)

美国和欧洲的企业通常采用一种称之为智力结构测验(SOI—Structure of Intellect)的方法来选拔有天赋的经理人员。这种方法最先由比利时卢万大学的加布里埃尔·圣塔纳发明,是专为选拔欧洲企业管理人才而用的,后被译成法文和西班牙文,广泛传到其他国家。美国加利福尼亚州的一个智力结构学会制定了包括26个要素的新经理人员测验题,用以测定应试者的智力商数。该学会的创办者、现任理事玛丽·米克博士说:“如果通不过我们的测验,你在智商方面就不能得满分。

Microstructure modeling and virtual test of asphalt mixture based on three-dimensional discrete element method

The objective of this work is to model the microstructure of asphalt mixture and build virtual test for asphalt mixture by using Particle Flow Code in three dimensions(PFC^(3D))based on three-dimensional discrete element method.A randomly generating algorithm was proposed to capture the three-dimensional irregular shape of coarse aggregate.And then,modeling algorithm and method for graded aggregates were built.Based on the combination of modeling of coarse aggregates,asphalt mastic and air voids,three-dimensional virtual sample of asphalt mixture was modeled by using PFC^(3D).Virtual tests for penetration test of aggregate and uniaxial creep test of asphalt mixture were built and conducted by using PFC^(3D).By comparison of the testing results between virtual tests and actual laboratory tests,the validity of the microstructure modeling and virtual test built in this study was verified.Additionally,compared with laboratory test,the virtual test is easier to conduct and has less variability.It is proved that microstructure modeling and virtual test based on three-dimensional discrete element method is a promising way to conduct research of asphalt mixture.

Some Problems Related to the Construction of Groundwater Wells for Earthquake Monitoring

This paper discusses technical requirements for location selection,structure design,and drilling of groundwater monitoring wells for earthquake studies on the bases of national and earthquake-prediction specific technical standards as well as practical experience from construction of such wells.

The response of collision speed caused by the large bus to new flexible barrier

In order to study the response of collision speed caused by the large bus to new flexible barrier,in this paper,with the large bus as the carrier,the full-scale impact tests between flexible barrier and vehicle with the impact velocities of 40 km/h and 60 km/h were carried out separately,following the procedures of the test preparation,test processing,data acquisition, etc,which were based on the test platform of the Large Structure Crash Testing Laboratory of Changsha University of Science and Technology. The important test results which contain the damage of vehicles and barrier,the moving locus of vehicle,the occupant risk index,the maximum dynamic deformation, etc,were obtained through the analysis under the different collision speeds. These provide the necessary reference basis for the further research on the structure topology optimization and improve the comprehensive constraint performance to the flexible barrier.

Synthesis and Study of Glutamine Acid Containing Citrates

Terms of synthesis were defined for the creation of new generation chelate fertilizers and for their experimental testing. Glutamine acid and citric acid containing chelate citrates of the general formulae M.gI.HL＇nHO were synthesized, where, M = Mn, Zn, Fe, Co, Cu; n = 0; 1; 1.5; gl-glutamine acid; HL-citric acid anion. Identity and composition of synthesized compounds were determined by microelemental analysis, melting temperature and X-ray diffraction analysis. X-ray diffraction analysis of the compounds and glutamine acid and citric acid （H4L） was used to determine their crystalline structure and roentgen-amorphous and iso-structural orders. Their solubility was studied in various solvents.

Deep Seismic Exploration in the Taiwan Straits: The HX9 Survey Line Experiment and Preliminary Results

By using an offshore large volume air-gun seismic source, onshore seismic stations( including mobile stations and permanent stations) and ocean bottom seismometers,a deep seismic exploration experiment was carried out for the first time in the Taiwan Straits. Results show that seismic stations can receive seismic signals from the air-gun arrays of the "YANPING Ⅱ"scientific investigation ship from as far as 280 km away.Tens of thousands of high quality seismic data items were obtained successfully and different types of P-wave seismic phases were identified. A one-dimensional crustal structure model of the survey profile HX9 shows that the crustal structure,which is reflected by Pc and Pm P reflection waves from two velocity discontinuities and basement refraction wave( Pg) constitutes the basic characteristic of the crustal structure in this region. The depths of Conrad discontinuity and Moho discontinuity are respectively16. 0km- 17. 5km and 28. 0km- 29. 5km.

An Application of Damage Detection Methods to A Real World Structure Subjected to Ground Motion Excitation

This paper aims at investigating the efficacy of different state-of-art damage detection methods when applied to real worm structures subjected to ground motion excitations, for which the literature contributions are, at present, still not fully comprehensive. To this purpose the paper analyses two test structures： （1） a four-story scaled steel frame tested on a shake table in a controlled laboratory conditions, and （2） a seven-story reinforced concrete building monitored during the seismic excitations of the 1999 Chi-Chi （Taiwan） Earthquake main shock and numerous fore and afiershocks. Some model based damage approaches and statistics based damage indexes are reviewed. The different methodologies and indexes are, then, applied to the two test structures with the final aim of analysing their performance and validity within the case of a laboratory scaled model and a real world structure subjected to input ground motion.