过饱和温度和降温速率对BBO晶体浓度边界层厚度的影响

浓度边界层是晶体生长过程中分析界面输运现象的重要元素。我们从实验角度研究了扩散机制下的BaB2 O4 单晶生长中过饱和温度和降温速率对浓度边界层厚度的影响。过饱和温度和浓度边界层厚度之间为抛物线关系 ,降温速率和浓度边界层厚度变化率之间为线性关系。

全息干涉法对气液流动浓度边界层的实验观测

Laser holographic interferometer system was used to visualize the concentration profiles within the vicinity of the gas-liquid interface under the co-current flowing conditions of gas/liquid two fluids.Interferograms on different experimental conditions were obtained,and the concentration profiles as well as the thickness of the concentration boundary layer were calculated.Finally the influence of the Reynolds number of the liquid phase on the boundary layer thickness was discussed.

AlGaN/GaN HFET的优化设计

从自洽求解薛定谔方程和泊松方程出发研究了不同掺杂方式下异质结能带和二维电子气的行为。发现掺杂能剪裁异质结能带的弯曲度、控制电子气的二维特性和浓度。在此基础上研究了不同掺杂方式的掺杂效率。通过掺杂和势垒结构的优化设计,得出了用δ掺杂加薄AlN隔离层的结构,既提高了电子气浓度,又保持电子气的强二维特性。从电子气浓度和栅对电子气的控制力度出发,提出了HFET势垒优化设计中的电子气浓度与势垒层厚度乘积规则。依据二维表面态理论,研究了表面态随帽层掺杂结构的变化。从前述乘积规则和表面态变化出发进行了内、外沟道异质结构的优化设计。优化结构既提高了电子气浓度和跨导,降低了欧姆接触电阻,又抑制了电流崩塌。

高压VDMOSFET击穿电压优化设计

通过理论计算,优化了外延层厚度和掺杂浓度,对影响击穿电压的相关结构参数进行设计,探讨了VDMOSFET的终端结构。讨论了场限环和结终端扩展技术,提出了终端多区设计思路,提高了新型结构VDMOSFET的漏源击穿电压。设计了800V、6A功率VDMOSFET,同场限环技术相比,优化的结终端扩展技术,节省芯片面积10.6%,而不增加工艺流程,漏源击穿电压高达882V,提高了3%,由于芯片面积的缩小,平均芯片中测合格率提高5%,达到了预期目的,具有很好的经济价值。

Influence of bubble diameter and solids concentration on bubble stability: Development of a novel analytical approach

The properties and thickness of the bubbles in the froth control the flotation process. There is no work showing how to measure bubble film composition and thickness by a straightforward manner. In this work, a novel approach, a custom-designed bubble cell associated with layer interferometry(in the UV-vis region) and FT-IR spectroscopy was used to investigate the effect of solid particle type(hydrophilic vs hydrophobic), concentration and bubble diameter on stability of a bubble blown in air. Stability was quantified by measuring bubble lifetime and hydrated film thickness. Kerosene with silicone oil as a foaming agent was used to evaluate the impact of bubble diameter(test series I). Frother solutions(MIBC, Dowfroth 250, Hexanol and F-150) were used for the solid type concentration experiments(test series II). In the first series of experiments, it was determined that as the diameter of a bubble increased from 10 to 25 mm, so did the hydrated film thickness from 350 to 1000 nm. In the second series, as the silica concentration increased(0 to 10%), an increase in bubble lifetime and hydrated film thickness was resulted(130%-250%). An impact of solid hydrophobicity was found but to a lesser degree than expected. It is possible that the small particle size(<0.1 m) of silica was responsible for this behavior. The findings are used to interpret the effect of solids in flotation froth.

节能灯γ-Al_2O_3保护膜涂膜探讨

从紧凑型荧光灯中γ-Al2O3保护膜的作用、配制及其适宜浓度的选择方面,探讨降低紧凑型荧光灯光衰的方法。

A method to estimate concentrations of surface-level particulate matter using satellite-based aerosol optical thickness

We propose a new method to estimate surface-level particulate matter(PM)concentrations by using satellite-retrieved Aerosol Optical Thickness(AOT).This method considers the distribution and variation of Planetary Boundary Layer(PBL)height and relative humidity(RH)at the regional scale.The method estimates surface-level particulate matter concentrations using the data simulated by an atmospheric boundary layer model RAMS and satellite-retrieved AOT.By incorporation MODIS AOT,PBL height and RH simulated by RAMS,this method is applied to estimate the surface-level PM 2.5 concentrations in North China region.The result is evaluated by using 16 ground-based observations deployed in the research region,and the result shows a good agreement between estimated PM 2.5 concentrations and observations,and the coefficient of determination R2 is 0.61 between the estimated PM 2.5 concentrations and the observations.In addition,surface-level PM 2.5 concentrations are also estimated by using MODIS AOT,ground-based LIDAR observations and RH measurements.A comparison between the two estimated PM 2.5 concentrations shows that the new method proposed in this paper is better than the traditional method.The coefficient of determination R2 is improved from 0.32 to 0.62.

Inter-comparison of seasonal variability and nonlinear trend between AERONET aerosol optical depth and PM10 mass concentrations in Hong Kong

Here we used Empirical Mode Decomposition （EMD） method to study seasonal variability and nonlinear trend of corrected AERONET Aerosol Optical Depth （AOD/Hi） and corrected PM10 mass concentrations （PMmxf（RH）） in Hong Kong during 2005-2011. AODPrli is highly correlated with PMI0xf（RH） in semi-annual and annual time scales （with correlation coefficient 0.67 for semi-annual and 0.79 for annual components, 95% confidence interval）. On the semi-annual scale, both AOD/Hi and PM10xf（RH） can capture the two maxima in March and October, respectively, with much stronger amplitude in March proba- bly due to the long-range transport of dust storm. On the annual cycle, the AOD/Hi and PMI0xf（RH）, which are negatively correlated with the precipitation and solar radiation, vary coherently with the maxima in February. This annual peak occurs about one month earlier than the first peak of the semi-annual variability in March, but with only half amplitude. During 2005-2011, both AOD/Hi and PM10xf（RH） exhibit the pronounced decreasing trend with the mean rate of 14 gg m-3 per year for PM10xf（RH）, which reflects the significant effects of the air pollution control policy in Hong Kong during the past decade. The nonlinear trend analysis indicates that the decreasing of PM10xf（RH） is slower than that of AOD/Hi when the AOD/Hi is less than 0.44 but becomes faster when the AOD/Hi exceeds 0.44. These results illustrate that the AERONET AOD can be used quantitatively to estimate local air-quality variability on the semi-annual, annual, and long-term trend time scales.