美国海事信息共享环境安全架构研究

针对美国海事信息共享环境(maritime information sharing environment,MISE)面临的主要安全问题,对其安全架构进行研究。分析MISE安全需求,探讨美国海事信息共享环境安全架构的组成,介绍MISE运用安全属性、安全断言标记语言和可信结构文档等技术的方法和原理。结果表明:该架构能有效解决海事信息跨组织跨机构共享的问题,对于实现跨领域信息的安全交换具有重要的借鉴价值。

大连海事污染案所引发的思考——简析大连开发区一例海域污染损害案件

通过对大连开发区663水产养殖户诉长江航道局海域污染案件的分析,试图说明构成海事污染获得相应民事赔偿的要件和过程,解析其中涉及的一些法律问题和现实因素,以引起对此类案件的关注。

一种基于孪生网络的高鲁棒性实时单目标船舶跟踪方法

视觉目标跟踪在各种海事应用中发挥着重要作用。然而,现有的跟踪方法大多属于生成模型,只关注对象的特征,忽略背景信息。因此,对目标的视觉显著性有更高的要求。本文将深度学习方法应用于船舶跟踪,提出使用孪生网络和区域推荐网络的海上船舶跟踪方法。为进一步提高跟踪性能,参照AlexNet网络对孪生网络的CNN模块进行修改,并提出一种基于历史轨迹的自适应搜索区域提取方法,以适应不同的运动场景。利用数据集对所提出的跟踪器进行评估。结果表明,在使用Intel Xeon CPU E5-2620,GTX TITAN的PC机上可以达到58%的平均精度和124.21 FPS。

A GIS FOR THE ANTARCTIC SPECIALLY MANAGED AREA OF ADMIRALTY BAY,KING GEORGE ISLAND,ANTARCTICA

A GIS is proposed as a tool for the managing plan for the Antarctic specially managed area (ASMA) in Admiralty Bay.The ASMA comprises the area considered to be within the glacial drainage basin of the bay.Furthermore,it includes part of SSSI No.8 adjacent to the area but outside of the glacial drainage basin.Three stations and six refuges are located in the area.Using a SPOT satellite image map,the limits of the ASMA are marked and its area is re_calculated.It consists of 362 km 2,including 186 km 2 island ice field and small cirque glaciers and 32 km 2 ice_free field.The rest comprises water of the bay and a small adjacent area (8 km 2) of the Bransfield Strait.The ASMA_GIS will consists of 12 data layers ranging from the physiographic settings to the biological and administrative features.All data will be implemented into Arc/Info GIS according to the cartographic guidelines of the SCAR WG_GGI.First,five plans of information will be realised using a topographic database compiled from various sources and data from the revised bathymetric chart published by the Brazilian Navy Hydrographic Survey and also including: 1) Limits of the ASMA and protected areas;2) Glaciological features (e.g.drainage basin limits) and 3) Human presence (e.g.stations and historical sites).These basic GIS layers will be operational in early 2001.Then,additional data on the remaining layers (e.g.hydrology,geology and geomorphology) will be included from published sources. The ASMA_GIS will form an important database for environmental monitoring and studies surveying temporal changes of features such as glacier front positions or bird breading sites.

Oil Spill Dispersion Forecasting with the Aid of a 3D Simulation Model

The simulation of the transport and fate of an oil slick, accidentally introduced in the marine environment, is the focus of this research. An oil spill dispersion forecasting system （DIAVLOS forecasting system）, based on wind, wave and ocean circulation forecasting models is developed. The 3-D oil spill model, by the University of Thessaloniki, is based on a Lagrangian （tracer） model that accounts for the transport-diffusion-dispersion and physicochemical evolution of an oil slick. The high resolution meteorological, hydrodynamic and wave models are coupled with the operational systems ALERMO and SKIRON of the University of Athens. The modelling system was successfully assembled and tested under theoretical and realistic scenarios, in order to be applied in forecasting mode and be used by local authorities when an accident occurs. As a result, a 48-hours oil spill dispersion forecasting system was synthesized aiming primarily at the oil spill management at the Burgas-Alexandroupolis oil-pipe terminal, part of a greater busy coastal basin in North Aegean.

Influence of a Water Regulation Event on the Age of Yellow River Water in the Bohai

Abrupt changes in freshwater inputs from large rivers usually imply regime shifts in coastal water environments. The influence of a water regulation event on the age of the Yellow River water in the Bohai was modeled using constituent-oriented age and residence time theory to better understand the change in the environmental function of the hydrodynamic field owing to human activities. The water ages in Laizhou Bay, the central basin, and the Bohai strait are sensitive to water regulation. The surface ages in those areas can decrease by about 300 days, particularly in July, and the age stratification is also strengthened. A water regulation event can result in declines in the water age in early July ahead of declines in the water age under climatological conditions(without the regulation event) by about 1 and 5 months in the central basin and Laizhou Bay, respectively. The change in the coastal circulation due to the water regulation event is the primary reason for the change in the Yellow River water age. The high Yellow River flow rate can enhance the density flow and, therefore, reduce the age of the Yellow River water. The subsequent impact of a single water regulation event can last about 1.0 to 4.0 years in different subregions.

Experimental Research on SOx from Ship Emissions by Lye Absorption

To protect environment, and to comply with the IMO＇s （International Maritime Organization） newest regulations about ship＇s SOx emission. This thesis illustrates a closed recycling absorb system based on NaOH solution recycling particularly for SOx onboard. The goal is to use NaOH solution to absorb SOx, and reduce the damage the ships made towards environment. The thesis analyzes the main features that could influence the absorption of SOx on board, and the precipitations during the experiment. To reveal that NaOH solution is very highly effective and economic in absorption of SOx on ships by this experiment, and to set a theoretical basic fundamental for future application of alkali solution recycling absorption system for SOx.

IMO MEPC第48次会议简介

国际海事组织海上环境保护委员会第48届会议(MEPC 48)于2002年10月7日至11日在英国伦敦召开。简要情况如下: 一、压载水中的有害水生物 在全会和压载水管理工作组会议中对公约“国际船舶压载水及沉淀物控制和管理公约”草案的第3条—一般性责任和规定、第2条—定义、第8-12条—检验和发证的有关要求、第14条—检查船舶和探查违规行为、巴西“可接受压载水”的观点,压载水处理标准、某些区域的特殊要求—附则C部分、压载水置换的区域。

A new paleoenvironmental index for anoxic events—Mo isotopes in black shales from Upper Yangtze marine sediments

This paper investigates the high-solution of Mo isotopes and uses trace-element analyses for fresh and representative black shales and siliceous shales collected from the transition between the Late Ordovician and the Early Silurian at the Wangjiawan section in Yichang and the Late Permian Dalong Formation in the Shangsi Section of Sichuan. The applicability of different geochemical parameters used as paleo-oxygenation indices are also compared. The preliminary results show that V/（V＋Ni）, Uauth （auth U）, V/Cr, Ceanom and U/Th have a scattered variation range, but most samples plot within the suboxic-anoxic fields. The suboxic-anoxic environment was dominant during the deposition and formation of the two anoxic facies. These redox indicators show little correspondence to the δ98M0 values. The U/Mo ratio can be used as a potential proxy for the paleo-redox conditions due to the possibility that Mo is enriched relative to U at different redox gradients during early diagenesis. This evidence is more significant for the euxinicity condition and corresponds to positive δ98M0 （〉1.5%o） values with low U/Mo ratios. This evidence is likely related to the depositional conditions near the boundary between anoxic and euxinic environ- ments, which are characterised by low bioturbation or water circulation. Other samples reveal a wide scatter of U/Mo ratios and δ98M0 〈1.5%0. These results are likely due to punctuated improvements in oxygenation with intense bioturbation or water circulation, which led to the redistribution of trace element.