渤海动力与黄河口治理

黄河泥沙含量高达20％以上,为世界大河之最,造成善淤、善决、善徒,而要根治黄河水患,彻底化害为益,必须治理河口。历次的治黄经验,特别是1988年东营市、胜利油田和黄河修防处(黄河口管理局的前身)联合启动的史无前例的黄河口人工治理试验上程,即采取工程措施,强化黄河自身动力和海动力,提高河口输沙能力;

事是人干出来的 路是人走出来的——记林海动力机械集团公司董事长总经理陆海民的先进事迹

陆海民同志系江苏林海动力机械集团公司董事长、总经理,高级工程师。毕业于南京工学院,曾任林海集团公司前身林业部泰州林业机械厂设计研究室副主任、经销科科长,1984年起担任工厂厂长。1994年组建林海集团公司后任总经理。自走上企业领导岗位以来,开拓进取。

纯电池动力船舶批量应用于内河海巡艇的可行性研究

为分析纯电池动力船舶在内河海事公务船艇中批量应用的可行性,系统梳理了纯电池动力船舶技术研究与应用现状以及在海事公务船艇中的应用情况,从纯电池动力船舶的自身特点与海事公务船艇日常出艇需求的契合性、节能经济以及市场需求等方面分析了其批量应用于内河海事公务船艇的可行性,并针对可能遇到的风险提出应对措施。研究结果表明,纯电池动力船舶技术成熟、环保节能、应用空间大,有较好的应用前景。

深远海核动力平台关键技术研究

近年来随着海洋资源开发由近海走向远海、由浅海走向深海,海洋石油开釆面临着深水、稠油和低渗透 等巨大挑战,能源保障已成为制约深海技术发展的瓶颈之一.深远海核动力平台具有一次装料运行周期长、 功率密度大、节能环保等特点,是解决海洋资源开发能源供应的有效途径.论文在调研国内外核动力船舶研 制经验的基础上,结合我国实际需求及综合设计建造能力,梳理出适应深远海核动力平台技术发展的反应堆、 高安全性系统配置及标准规范等关键技术,为我国深入开发深远海核动力平台提供技术参考.

Dynamic Characteristics of Irregular Ice Floes Based on Polyhedral Discrete Element Method

In polar regions, floating ice exhibits distinct characteristics across a range of spatial scales. It is well recognized that the irregular geometry of these ice formations markedly influences their dynamic behavior. This study introduces a polyhedral Discrete Element Method (DEM) tailored for polar ice, incorporating the Gilbert-Johnson-Keerthi (GJK) and Expanding Polytope Algorithm (EPA) for contact detection. This approach facilitates the simulation of the drift and collision processes of floating ice, effectively capturing its freezing and fragmentation. Subsequently, the stability and reli ability of this model are validated by uniaxial compression on level ice fields, focusing specifically on the influence of compression strength on deformation resistance. Additionally, clusters of ice floes nav igating through narrow channels are simulated. These studies have qualitatively assessed the effects of Floe Size Distribution (FSD), initial concentration, and circularity on their flow dynamics. The higher power-law exponent values in the FSD, increased circularity, and decreased concentration are each as sociated with accelerated flow in ice floe fields. The simulation results distinctly demonstrate the con siderable impact of sea ice geometry on the movement of clusters, offering valuable insights into the complexities of polar ice dynamics.

Design of Ocean Floating Structures:Prediction of Hydrodynamic Coefficients

[Introduction] Accurate calculation of the hydrodynamic coefficients for floating structures and the investigation of the flow field distribution around floating bodies on the marine free surface are essential for improving the engineering design and application of marine structures.[Method] This study utilized the computational fluid dynamics(CFD) approach and the Reynolds Averaged NavierStokes(RANS) method and considered the effects of viscosity and free surface interactions on the hydrodynamic behavior of floating structures.By employing the dynamic mesh technique,this study simulated the periodic movements of simplified three-dimensional(3D)shapes:spheres,cylinders,and cubes,which were representative of complex marine structures.The volume of fluid(VOF) method was leveraged to accurately track the nonlinear behavior of the free surface.In this analysis,the added mass and damping coefficients for the fundamental modes of motion(surge,heave,and roll) were calculated across a spectrum of frequencies,facilitating the fast determination of hydrodynamic forces and moments exerted on floating structures.[Result] The results of this study are not only consistent with the results of the 3D potential flow theory but also further reflect the role of viscosity.This method can be used for precise calculation of the hydrodynamic coefficients of floating structures and for describing the flow field of such structures in motion on a free surface.[Conclusion] The methodology presented goes beyond the traditional potential flow approach.

疏浚抛泥区选划的研究

本文系统地总结了多次在疏浚抛泥区选划研究方面的经验,多学科地全面地提供了开展该方面研究的理论、方法及工作流程。 利用现代科学技术—数值模拟方法复演了在各种海动力及其作用下的泥沙运动,为确定科学、合理、安全、经济的抛泥区提供了可靠的数据。 本文给出的二个应用实例,证明该研究是成功的。

黄河治理论

黄河治理论李殿魁编者按：黄河，这条养育了伟大中华民族世代子孙、创造了灿烂的古代文明的大河，也曾多次溃决泛滥，给沿黄流域的人民带来深重灾难，变成人们心目中的害河。根治黄河，变害为利，成为人们千年夙愿。改革开放的时代，对施展这一宏图提出更加迫切的要求，也...

挖沙降河试验与黄河口研究

挖沙降河试验与黄河口研究李殿魁／山东省政协副主席我在东营市工作期间，十分注重治黄工作，认真总结人民治黄经验，坚持进行治黄理论研究，积极推动建立黄河口管理和科研机构，密切注意国家和沿黄省市治理黄河、开发利用黄河的新举措。最近，水利部在山东安排挖沙降河试...

高度计资料监测日本以南黑潮主轴特性的变化

应用1993年至2001年TOPEX/Poseidon(以下简写为 T/P)卫星高度计3条下行轨道的沿轨资料,计算分析了日本以南黑潮主轴的摆动特性,发现在1993年和2000—2001年010轨道上有2次空间尺度较大、持续时间较长的弯曲。黑潮处于平直路径时流速比较大;呈稳定弯曲状态时流速与多年平均值相差不大;而黑潮在两种稳态之间转换时,伴随着流速负距平的出现。

Numerical Study of the Donghai Dam Impact on the Hydrodynamic Environment of Zhanjiang Bay

In this paper, the Finite Volume Coastal Ocean Model （FVCOM） was employed and configured for 3 dimensional numerical simulations of tide and tidal current based on the field observations in Zhanjiang Bay. The model＇s results agree well with the field observed data. Based on the well validated model, the hydrodynamic fields of zhanjiang bay area were calculated both before the Donghai Dam constructing and after that. Compared the tidal level, current field, tidal capacity and water exchange ratio before the construction of Dohai dam with those after construction of the dam, we analyzed and get some conclusions of effects of Donghai Dam on Hydrodynamic environment of the Zhanjiang Bay.

Analysis to the Driving Force Model and Drives Factor on the Utilized Changes of Cultivated Land in Qinghai Lake Area

Using path analysis, correlation analysis, partial correlation analysis and system dynamics method to study the driving force of cultivated land in Qinghai Lake Area, and using gradually regression analysis to establish the driving force model of utilized change of cultivated land. Driving factors, action mechanism and process of utilized change of cultivated land were analyzed, and the differences during all factors were compared. The study provides some decision basis for sustainable utilization and management of land resources in Qinghai Lake Area.

Analysis to the Driving Force Model and Driving Factor on the Utilized Changes of Cultivated Land in Gonghe County

Using gradually regression analysis to establish the driving force model of utilized change of cultivated land in Gonghe County, and using path analysis, correlation analysis, partial correlation analysis and system dynamics method to inspect the effect of driving changing on cultivated land change under different change situations. Driving factors, action mechanism and process of utilized change of cultivated land were analyzed from the county territory scale level. At last, some corresponding policies and measures were put forward.

以名牌产品为先导推进企业向高质量高效益发展

我们江苏林海动力机械集团公司是一个具有近40年研制和生产小型汽油机及配套动力机械的国家大型企业。生产的主要产品有摩托车发动机及系列小型汽油机、摩托车、助力车、营林机械、消防机械、体育场喷洒设备等7大类30多个品种和规格。产品畅销全国,并远销20多个国家和地区。长期以来,经济效益处于全国同行业前茅。

Chemical hydrography of coastal upwelling in the East China Sea

Based on the field data obtained during cruises on the shelf of the East China Sea from 1997 to 1999, seasonal variations of coastal upwelling on the inner shelf are discussed by using cross-shelf transect profiles and horizontal distributions of chemical and hydrographic variables. Results show that the coastal upwelling was year-round, but the areas and intensities of the upwelling were quite different in season. The coastal upwelling occurred in all of the coastal areas of the region in spring and summer, but in autumn only in the area off Zhejiang Province, and in winter in the area off Fujian Prov- ince. It was the strongest in summer and the weakest in winter. Geographically, it was the strongest in the area off Zhejiang Province and the weakest in the southmost or northmost parts of the East China Sea. The estimated nutrient fluxes upward into euphotic zone through coastal upwelling were quite large, es- pecially for phosphate, which contributed significantly to primary production and improved the nutrient structure of the coastal ecosystem in the East China Sea.

Parameterized first-guess spectrum method for retrieving directional spectrum of swell-dominated waves and huge waves from SAR images

A method to retrieve ocean wave spectra from SAR images, named Parameterized First-guess Spectrum Method （PFSM）, was proposed after interpretation of the theory to ocean wave imaging and analysis of the drawbacks of the retrieving model generally used. In this method, with additional information and satellite parameters, the separating wave-number is first calculated to determine the maximum wave-number beyond which the linear relation can be used. The separating wave-number can be calculated using the additional information on wind velocity and parameters of SAR satellite. And then the SAR spectrum can be divided into SAR spectrum of wind wave and of swell according to the result of separating wave-number. The portion of SAR spectrum generated by wind wave, is used to search for the most suitable parameters of ocean wind wave spectrum, including propagation direction of ocean wave, phase speed of dominating wave and the angle spreading coefficient. The swell spectrum is acquired by directly inversing the linear relation of ocean wave spectrum to SAR spectrum given the portion of SAR spectrum generated by swell. We used the proposed method to retrieve the ocean wave spectrum from ERS-SAR data from the South China Sea and compared the result with altimeter data. The agreement indicates that the PFSM is reliable.

Analysis on monthly-averaged distribution of sea surface wind and wave over the seas southeast of Asia using ERS-2 scatterometer data

variation. In the area of 2 The wind system over the seas southeast of Asia （SSEA） plays an important role in China＇s climate this paper, ERS scatterometer winds covering the period from January 2000 to December 2000 and 41°N, 105 130°E were analyzed with a distance-weighting interpolation method and the monthly mean distribution of the sea surface wind speed were given, The seasonal characteristics of winds in the SSEA were analyzed. Based on WAVEWATCH Ⅲ model, distribution of significant wave height was calculated.

Numerical Study of Water and Suspended Matter Exchange Between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea

POM was used to study the monthly mean circulation in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. The calculated results showed almost all major characteristics of the circulation system. The calculated circulation system and observational data were used to determine the sediment concentration, volume transport, heat flux and suspended matter flux between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea. The conclusions obtained were that the volume and heat are transported northward through the 32°N section during each season; that in winter and autumn, total suspended matter is transported southward, and is larger in winter than in autumn. The reason is that the Yellow Sea Coastal Current is strong and always contains more suspend matter in winter and autumn. The seasonal suspended matter exchange between the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea are 0.58×10 7 tons in spring, 2.81×10 7 tons in summer, -2.60×10 7 tons in autumn and -3.40×10 7 tons in winter. Net flux of suspended matter from the Yellow Sea to the East China Sea is 2.61×10 7 tons every year.

A VOF-based numerical model for breaking waves in surf zone

This paper introduces a numerical model for studying the evolution of a periodic wave train, shoaling, and breaking in surf zone. The model can solve the Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes （RANS） equations for a mean flow, and the k-ε equations for turbulence kinetic energy k and turbulence dissipation rate ε. To track a free surface, the volume of fluid （VOF） function, satisfying the advection equation was introduced. In the numerical treatment, third-order upwind difference scheme was applied to the convection terms of the RANS equations in order to reduce the effect of numerical viscosity. The shoaling and breaking processes of a periodic wave train on gently sloping beaches were modeled. The computed wave heights of a sloping beach and the distribution of breaking wave pressure on a vertical wall were compared with laboratory data.