开展海南岛海岸侵蚀脆弱性评价对于沿海地区生态资源保护和灾害预防有着重要意义。采用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs,InVEST)中的沿海脆弱性模型合成暴露度指数EI(Expos...开展海南岛海岸侵蚀脆弱性评价对于沿海地区生态资源保护和灾害预防有着重要意义。采用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs,InVEST)中的沿海脆弱性模型合成暴露度指数EI(Exposure Index)对海南岛海岸侵蚀脆弱性开展评价。针对典型研究区建立海岸特征—海岸动力—经济社会指标评价体系,优选海岸带特色评价因子包括海岸侵蚀速率、海岸类型、海岸生境等,进一步利用综合指数法量化脆弱性指数,最终获得海南岛沿海不同情境下的脆弱性,以及重点区域海岸侵蚀速率和侵蚀脆弱性等级。研究结果表明:(1)海南岛侵蚀脆弱性空间分布呈现东低西高,其中西南部市县脆弱性最高,东南部市县脆弱性最低,其余地区脆弱性适中。无生境情境下的沿海脆弱性远高于处于生境保护情境。(2)典型研究区海口东西海岸2016年至2020年砂质海岸受较多侵蚀,最多处超20 m/a。海口市龙华、美兰等主要城区海岸侵蚀脆弱性高,西海岸、东海岸分别次之,东寨港地区脆弱性最低。(3)研究发现在红树林等生境保护下的海岸可以有效得到保护,脆弱性极低,而退化的砂质岸线表现较高的脆弱性。因此保护沿海生境和防止沿海泥沙流失具有必要性。展开更多
The CVI （coastal vulnerability index） was developed and used to assess the vulnerability of the coastline of the Kingdom of Bahrain main islands to future SLR （sea level rise）. A total of 717 km of the coastline w...The CVI （coastal vulnerability index） was developed and used to assess the vulnerability of the coastline of the Kingdom of Bahrain main islands to future SLR （sea level rise）. A total of 717 km of the coastline was evaluated. Six spatial factors acting on the coastal area： erosion/accretion patterns （shoreline change）, topography （elevation above mean sea level）, geology, geomorphology, slope, and mean sea level rise were incorporated and ranked to develop the CVI. This index was classified into four levels of vulnerability： low, moderate, high, and very high. Vulnerable hotspots are located along the central portions of the western and eastern coastlines. The vulnerability of these areas is mostly driven by their characteristically shallow coastal slopes, low elevations, and erosion-prone nature of the sandy soils presents, comprising about 54 km of the studied shoreline. Another 33 km of coastline were classified as highly vulnerable and located along the eastern coast. In addition, the western coast of the southern tip of the main island （Bahrain） was also classified as a highly vulnerable shoreline. Twenty-two km was classified as the moderate vulnerable. The remaining coastal areas were classified as low to moderately vulnerable comprising about 608 km of the total length of the coastline. Identifying those hotspots susceptible to SLR is essential for more effective coastal zone management and to help in reducing the impacts of SLR on both infrastructure and human beings.展开更多
文摘开展海南岛海岸侵蚀脆弱性评价对于沿海地区生态资源保护和灾害预防有着重要意义。采用生态系统服务和权衡的综合评估模型(Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs,InVEST)中的沿海脆弱性模型合成暴露度指数EI(Exposure Index)对海南岛海岸侵蚀脆弱性开展评价。针对典型研究区建立海岸特征—海岸动力—经济社会指标评价体系,优选海岸带特色评价因子包括海岸侵蚀速率、海岸类型、海岸生境等,进一步利用综合指数法量化脆弱性指数,最终获得海南岛沿海不同情境下的脆弱性,以及重点区域海岸侵蚀速率和侵蚀脆弱性等级。研究结果表明:(1)海南岛侵蚀脆弱性空间分布呈现东低西高,其中西南部市县脆弱性最高,东南部市县脆弱性最低,其余地区脆弱性适中。无生境情境下的沿海脆弱性远高于处于生境保护情境。(2)典型研究区海口东西海岸2016年至2020年砂质海岸受较多侵蚀,最多处超20 m/a。海口市龙华、美兰等主要城区海岸侵蚀脆弱性高,西海岸、东海岸分别次之,东寨港地区脆弱性最低。(3)研究发现在红树林等生境保护下的海岸可以有效得到保护,脆弱性极低,而退化的砂质岸线表现较高的脆弱性。因此保护沿海生境和防止沿海泥沙流失具有必要性。
文摘The CVI （coastal vulnerability index） was developed and used to assess the vulnerability of the coastline of the Kingdom of Bahrain main islands to future SLR （sea level rise）. A total of 717 km of the coastline was evaluated. Six spatial factors acting on the coastal area： erosion/accretion patterns （shoreline change）, topography （elevation above mean sea level）, geology, geomorphology, slope, and mean sea level rise were incorporated and ranked to develop the CVI. This index was classified into four levels of vulnerability： low, moderate, high, and very high. Vulnerable hotspots are located along the central portions of the western and eastern coastlines. The vulnerability of these areas is mostly driven by their characteristically shallow coastal slopes, low elevations, and erosion-prone nature of the sandy soils presents, comprising about 54 km of the studied shoreline. Another 33 km of coastline were classified as highly vulnerable and located along the eastern coast. In addition, the western coast of the southern tip of the main island （Bahrain） was also classified as a highly vulnerable shoreline. Twenty-two km was classified as the moderate vulnerable. The remaining coastal areas were classified as low to moderately vulnerable comprising about 608 km of the total length of the coastline. Identifying those hotspots susceptible to SLR is essential for more effective coastal zone management and to help in reducing the impacts of SLR on both infrastructure and human beings.
