海风项目遍地开花 风电企业积极提升+“含海度”

风电企业正积极提升“含海度”。“海上风电是公司发展的重中之重,公司2021年在山东东营海上风电基地建设40万吨海风大兆瓦铸件产能,一期10余万吨聚焦铸造主轴,3月份开始试生产,并通过金风科技、上电等公司的验证,西门子的验证也将很快推进。”金雷股份全资子公司山东金雷新能源重装有限公司董事长王瑞广表示。此外,三一重能今年推出了海风机型,正式进军海上风电市场,目前正努力拓展市场。

民国上海度政始末

一民国元年（1912）,工商部提出：＂尝絜比古今之定制,与商民之现情,知欲实行划一,非全废旧制不可;又尝参观各国之成法即世界之大势,知欲重订新法,非采用万国通行之十分米达制不可。＂主张采用万国公制作为标准,并制定了十年的划一期限,分官商区域先后推行。与此同时,工商部于民国二年派遣陈承修、郑礼明前往欧洲各国,派张瑛绪、钱汉阳前往日本,

佛于南海度众生——一个残疾人的心里话

这是一个早就该发出去的稿子,因为种种原因,我一直没有条件坐下来写文章。今蒙山西省怀仁县一家宾馆的照顾,多住了一日,所以有空把这份稿子整理出来,以表达我对沿海地区几位佛教信徒的真诚谢意。我是一个坐轮椅车旅游全国的残疾人,目前已走过14省1市。要问这次旅游给我留下的最深刻的印象是什么?我敢说,就是在沿海地区所遇到的几位佛教徒了。第一位是福建省三明市砖厂一位副厂长陈依明居士,当我行至从同安县去三明市的荆西岭时,面对1000多米的高山,我怎样将轮椅车摇上去呢?正在发愁。这时,陈依明居士见此情景。

天然气体水合物在地质作用过程中变化的探讨

天然气体水合物是一种准稳定态的物质 ,对引起温 -压条件变化的各种地质作用是非常敏感的 .沉积与剥蚀、海平面升降、冰期与间冰期等地质过程改变着海底环境温 -压状况 ,控制了沉积物中水合物的形成、保存与分解 .快速沉积 (尤其是海底滑坡和泥火山喷发等带来的瞬间堆积 )、海平面上升、高纬地区冰期等使海底环境朝着增压、降温的方向变化 ,有利于气体水合物形成与保存 ;而迅速剥蚀、海平面下降、上覆冰体移除引起水合物分解 .水合物的分解可以是渐渐的气体溢出 ,也可以是猛然的气体喷发 ,这取决于温度上升及压力降低的速度 .气体水合物的“爆炸式”分解在海底表面可留下“圆坑状”地貌特征 .地质过程中同一地区频繁的温 -压波动可引起水合物中乙烷成分相对增加 .

反相高效液相色谱法测定苯妥英的血药浓度

目的建立了反相高效液相色谱法测定人血清中苯妥英的药物浓度。方法以symmetryshield RP18柱（5．0μm，3．9×150mm）为色谱柱。流动相为甲醇：水（1：1），流速1.0mL·min^-1。Waters2487双波长紫外检测器，检测波长210nm。结果线性范围为（2．0～40．0）μg·mL^-1，r=0.9998；平均回收率98.23％，高、中、低浓度样品的日间和日内测定相对标准偏差RSD均小于3％。结论本法适用于PHT的血药浓度测定。

The trend of tree line on the northern slope of Changbai Mountain

In order to decipher phenomenon of tree line changing with climate variety, the trend of tree line on the northern slope of Changbai Mountain was studied. Based on the meteorological data of Changbai Mountain, the January temperature (the limiting effect for tree line) and annual mean temperature were mainly investigated. In the ecotone between Betula ermanii and alpine tundra, the number and diameter at ground level of Betula ermanii in the plots were measured. According to the correlation between diameter at ground level (DGL) and age, the diameter at ground level can represent age directly. The results showed that the distribution age of Betula ermanii was in the trend of decreasing with elevation rising. In resent years, the annual mean temperature near Changbai Mountain is rising, which has led to the tree line ascending.

Study on complexity of plant communities at different altitudes on the Northern Slope of Changbai Mountain

By the method of gradient pattern analysis, twenty plots were set at altitudes of 700-2600 m with an interval of 100 m on the northern slope of the Changbai Mountain. The dissimilarity of respective sub-plots in the same community was measured and the complexity of plant communities at different altitudes was analyzed. The result from binary data of tree species in canopy tree indicated that the sub-plots in the communities, except subalpine Betula ermanii forest, showed comparatively high dissimilarity in species composition. Especially, the dissimilarity index (0.7) of broadleaved/Korean pine forest at low altitudes was obviously higher than other communities. The differences are not obvious between communities referring to dark coniferous forest. Comparatively, the dissimilarity in sub-plots of the communities at altitude of 1400 m was slightly higher than that of other communities, which reflected the complexity of tree species compositions of transitory-type communities. For subalpine Betula ermanii forest, tree species composition was simple and showed a high similarity between sub-plots. The results derived from binary data of shrub showed that the dissimilarity index of shrub species in broadleaved/Korean pine forest at low altitudes was higher than that in other communities, but the divergence tendency wasn抰 so obvious as that of arbor species. The dissimilarity derived from binary data of herb and all plant species at different altitudes showed greatly close tendency, and the differences in herb and all plant species between sub-plots were the greatest for the communities of broad-leaved-Korean pine forest and alpine tundra zone..

The changes of co-possession of plant species between communities with altitudes on northern slope of Changbai Mountain

Twenty plots were investigated on northern slope of Changbai Mountain at an attitude interval of 100 m (from 700 to 2600 m). The species co-possession between plant communities at different altitudes was analyzed by Jaccard index. The analytical results showed that the co-possession calculated according to species in different layers or all species between adjacent communities was higher than that between disjunct communities. The co-possessions between adjacent communities calculated by species in different layers had comparability and dissimilarity. If the two adjacent communities belong to different types of vegetation, then their co-possession was lower. The peak values and valley values of species co-possession between communities along elevation gradient just matched vegetation gradient patterns, and species subrogation of shrubs had more obvious rule on northern slope of Changbai Mountain. Co-possessions between communities with same altitude difference were much similar, and it decreased as the increase of elevation difference, which showed that species compositions in different layers of the communities were highly related.

The influence of sea water velocity variation on seismic traveltimes,ray paths,and amplitude

The main factors affecting seismic exploration is the propagation velocity of seismic waves in the medium. In the past, during marine seismic data processing, the propagation velocity of sea water was generally taken as a constant 1500 m/s. However, for deep water exploration, the sound velocity varies with the season, time, location, water depth, ocean currents, and etc.. It also results in a layered velocity distribution, so there is a difference of seismic traveltime, ray paths, and amplitude, which affect the migration imaging results if sea water propagation velocity is still taken as constant for the propagation wavefield. In this paper, we will start from an empirical equation of seismic wave velocity in seawater with changes of temperature, salinity, and depth, consider the variation of their values, build a seawater velocity model, and quantitatively analyze the impact of seawater velocity variation on seismic traveltime, ray paths, and amplitude in the seawater velocity model.

Modeling air gun signatures in marine seismic exploration considering multiple physical factors

Based on analyzing the limit of Ziolkowski＇s bubble oscillation formulation,a new model with various physical factors is established to simulate air gun signatures fo marine seismic exploration.The practical effects of physical factors,such as heat transfe across the bubble wall,air gun port throttling,vertical rise of the bubble,fluid viscosity,and the existence of the air gun body were all taken into account in the new model.Compared with Ziolkowski＇s model,the signatures simulated by the new model,with small peak amplitude and rapid decay of bubble oscillation,are more consistent with actual signatures The experiment analysis indicates：（1）gun port throttling controls the peak amplitude of ai gun pulse;（2）since the hydrostatic pressure decreases when the bubble rises,the bubble oscillation period changes;（3）heat transfer and fluid viscosity are the main factors tha explain the bubble oscillation damping.

Distributional patterns of species diversity of main plant communities along altitudinal gradient in secondary forest region,Guandi Mountain,China

Fourteen plots were chosen along with the altitude of 1600-2600 m in Guandi Mountain, Shanxi Province, China to investigate all the trees in the plots, and the species diversity indexes were calculated for analyzing the effects of altitudinal gradient on plant species diversity. The results showed that the order of dominant species from low altitude to high altitude is as Quercus liaotungensis Koidz, Pinus tabulaeformis, Betula platyphylla, B. albo-sinensis, Picea wilsonii, P. Meyeri and Larix principis-rupprechtii. With altitude increasing, the average height and DBH of the arbor firstly increase and then decrease, the maximal height and DBH of the arbor present the unimodal variable trend, the maximal height of coniferous and broad-leaved trees firstly increases and then decreases, the maximal DBH of broad-leaf trees has no clear fluctuation, and the maximal DBH of the needle-leaf trees decreases gradually. Moreover, in middle altitudinal communities （the altitude of 1900-2200 m）, the maximal height and DBH of the needle-leaf trees are larger than these of broad-leaf trees. Both Shannon-wiener index and Margalef index of the communities present the unimodal variable trend, with a peak in the mid-altitude. Plant species diversity in the mid-altitude （1900-2200 m） is higher than that of the low altitude （1600-1900 m） and the high altitude （2200-2600 m）. In addition, the unimodal variable trend of α species diversity is clearly correlated with the altitudinal gradient. The change of plant species diversity is significantly correlated with the altitudinal gradient, and also related to the community structure, the community composition, the feature of species and the human disturbance.

Research on the influence of ocean temperature on XCTD profiler single-mode fiber transmission channel

XCTD, as one of the most important instruments for the deep sea exploration, is an important device for deep-sea hydrological data acquisition. But some difficult technical problems of traditional metal enameled wire channel have become the major bottleneck for XCTD development. Aiming at this problem, this paper puts forward with using single-mode fiber as the transmission channel of XCTD. Firstly, this paper makes a brief analysis on the problems of using enameled wire as transmission channel faces. Secondly, it analyzes the advantages of the single mode fiber technology. Finally, it makes theoretical research and experimental verification of the influence of seawater temperature change on the optical fiber transmission channel. The experimentat results show that the error rate at the transmission rate of 10 MB/S is 0, and the loss can be negligible when the single-mode fiber channel is used in the sea water and the seawater temperature changes from 0 to 20℃. This method will greatly increase the rate of signal transmission and the transmission stability. And this paper shows that using the single-mode fiber as the transmission channel of XCTD has certain feasibility.

Study on Species Diversity of Alpine Vegetation with Different Altitudes in Daban Mountain

[Objective] The aim of this study is to investigate species diversity of alpine vegetation in different altitudes of Daban mountain. [Method] Plant communities were surveyed in three different altitudes （3 025 m,3 405 m,3 813 m） of Daban mountain,the eastern Qilian,and the richness or diversity index of vegetation in three different altitudes was comparatively analyzed. [Result] The species richness decreased with the gradual increase of altitude,and species diversity of plant communities was relatively lower in medium altitude. Furthermore,community similarity also decreased with the increase of altitude,and β diversity of communities had a significant change. [Conclusion] Environmental factor change caused by different altitudes and human disturbance are important reasons for the change of species distribution pattern in different altitudes.

Sea Surface Temperature Simulation of Tropical and North Pacific Basins Using a Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM)

A Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model （HYCOM） is used to simulate the sea surface temperature of the Tropical and North Pacific. Based on the different combinations of two air-Sea flux data sets （COADS and ECMWF） and two bulk parameter formulas （non-constant and constant）, four numerical experiments are carried out. The following conclusions can be deduced from the numerical results. （1） The numerical results using non-constant bulk parameter formula are much better than those using constant one. In the Pacific area from 40°N to 20°S, the annual average SST obtained from the experiment using non-constant bulk parameter formula is 0.21 ℃ higher than that from the satellite-based SST climatology （the pathfinder data）. However, the difference is 0.63 ℃ for the experiment when the using constant one. （2） HYCOM successfully simulates the monthly variation of climatological SST in tropical and north Pacific basins and monthly spatial variation of Western Pacific Warm Pool. Especially in the Pacific area from 40°N to 20°S, the difference of the seasonal averaged SST between pathfinder data and the result of experiment 2 （using COADS data set and non-constant bulk parameter formula） is only about 0.02 ℃. （3）The simulation results using different Air-Sea flux data are different and the difference is very large in some regions. In the northwest of the model region, the annual average SST obtained from experiment 2 （using COADS data set） is 1℃ higher than that obtained from experiment 4 （using ECMWF data set）. Contrarily, the result of experiment 4 is 1 ℃ larger than that of experiment 2 in the southeast of the model region. The largest difference is about 4 ℃ occurred near the area of 58°N, 140°E and the Bohai sea.

Comparison between Infrared and Microwave Radiometers for Retrieving Sea Surface Temperature

The basic principles of sea surface temperature （SST） remote sensing using infrared and microwave radiometers are introduced, and the differences between two sensors for retrieving sea surface temperature are investigated. The ground resolution, atmospheric effect, sea surface wind, skin depth and so on have important influence on precision of sea surface temperature retrieved by two sensors. The better understanding of the advantage and disadvantage of sea surface temperature detected by infrared and microwave radiometers would help us to imply SST remote sensing data more effectively and correctly.

Gravity and magnetic anomalies field characteristics in the South China Sea and its application for interpretation of igneous rocks

Igneous rocks in the South China Sea have broad prospects for oil and gas exploration.Integrated geophysical methods are important approaches to study the distribution of igneous rocks and to determine and identify igneous rock bodies.Aimed at the characteristics of gravity and magnetic fields in the South China Sea,several potential field processing methods are preferentially selected.Reduction to the pole by variable inclinations in the area of low magnetic latitudes is used to perform reduction processing on magnetic anomalies.The preferential continuation method is used to separate gravity and magnetic anomalies and extract the gravity and magnetic anomaly information of igneous rocks in the shallow part of the South China Sea.The 3D spatial equivalent distribution of igneous rocks in South China Sea is illustrated by the 3 D correlation imaging of magnetic anomalies.Since the local anomaly boundaries are highlighted gravity and magnetic gradients,the distribution characters of different igneous rocks are roughly outlined by gravity and magnetic correlation analysis weighted by gradient.The results show the distribution of igneous rocks is controlled and influenced by deep crustal structure and faulting.

Sea water temperature auto-monitoring system based on general packet radio service (GPRS)

This paper introduces the design and implementation of sea-water temperature auto-monitoring system based on General Packet Radio Service （GPRS）. This system integrates modern wireless communication technology, the signal gathering technology and computer network technology. MSC1210 microcontroller is used in data collection device in order to make system accurate and fast. In addition, wireless and Internet technologies are used for transferring and displaying collected field data. A prototype system has been completed and tested in field trials. The results proved the feasibility and usefulness of this system for monitoring the temperature. By using this system, a lot of resources and money can be saved.

斜坡再调整:海底扇-裙形成的一个新模式

在提出海底峡谷和海底扇-裙形成的新模式中,可利用盆地充填的数值模拟表示斜坡均衡作用的简单概念。该模式认为,侵蚀削蚀、沉积物跌积(by-pass)和海底扇-裙复合体海相超覆的形成与沉积盆地内自然地理的变化状况相关。盆地边缘可划分为两种类型:(1)进积边缘表示均衡的沉积剖面朝向盆地推进。它形成于沉积物扩散作用和重力流作用与沉积物供给、盆地沉降及盆地自然地理相均衡的背景;(2)当上部坡度超过均衡坡度时形成侵蚀边缘,其特征是侵蚀、滑塌和沉积物跌积形成的沉积物均通过重力流作用而移置到下部斜坡环境。当深海陡坡(即过陡坡边缘)被超覆和加积的扇-裙沉积物埋藏时,侵蚀边缘转变为进积边缘。当海平面发生相对快速上升,盆缘发生构造变形(如断层作用)或沉积物从碳酸盐变为硅质碎屑时,进积边缘可发育深海陡坡,并变为侵蚀边缘。既然海平面的相对下降在大陆架边缘变为沉积物源区的过程中起着主要作用,斜坡不整合和超覆海底扇-裙系统的形成主要受由变化的盆地自然地理所触发的斜坡再调整作用控制。

日本列岛周边的海底地壳结构

了解日本列岛周边的海底地壳结构对于研究千岛、东北日本、西南日本、伊豆-小笠原和琉球五大俯冲带的结构具有特别重要的意义。因此,自六十年代后半期以来,在日本列岛周边进行了长期的海底地壳结构勘探。进入八十年代以后,勘探手段有了更新,普遍采用了海底地震仪(简称OBS,下同),使地壳结构调查的精度得以飞跃提高,并逐步阐明了日本周边各岛弧系的构造特征。本文主要讨论最近约10年间采用OBS折射法地震勘探对日本列岛周边海区的地壳调查。

Sea Surface Roughness Derivation from Wind Speed Estimated by Satellite Altimeter

For open sea conditions the sea surface roughness is described as a function of surface stress and wind speed over sea surface by Charnock relation. The sea surface roughnessn in the North-west Pacific Ocean is derived successfully using wind speed data estimated by the TOPEX satellite altimeter. From the results we find that： （1） the mean sea surface roughness in winter is greater than in summer; （2） compared with other sea areas, the sea surface roughness in the sea area east of Japan （ N30°- 40°, E135°- 150°） is larger than in other sea areas; （3） sea surface roughness in the South China Sea changes more greatly than that in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea and East China Sea.