广东剑麻纤维耐海水性的研究

本文对广东剑麻纤维具有强度高及耐海水性的特点进行了分析,结果表明,果胶质含量较多和海水中含有盐分是使剑麻直纤维具有强度高和耐海水的主要原因。

海水性肺损伤血浆过氧化脂质与前列腺素的变化分析

作者在海水性肺损伤的动物模型中,测定分析了绵羊动脉血浆过氧化脂质(LPO)、血栓素 B_2(TXB_2)和6—酮—前列腺素 F_(1α)6—Keto—PGF_(1α))的变化规律。结果表明,LPO、TXB_2和6—Keto—PGF_(1α)均随 P_aO_2降低而升高。TXB_2/PGF_(1α)(T/P)的比值呈进行性下降趋势,与 P_aO_2呈一致性下降关系。作者认为,海水溺水后缺氧是引起血浆 LPO、TXB_2和6—Keto—PGF_(1α)升高的主要原因,而高浓度的 LPO 和 TXB_2又进一步加重海水性肺损伤的发生和发展,形成恶性循环。T/P 比值平衡紊乱也被认为是加重海水性肺损伤的重要因素之一。

大麻纤维的耐海水腐蚀性能

采用海水对大麻原麻、脱胶大麻、苎麻和亚麻进行浸泡处理,比较麻纤维的耐海水腐蚀性能。结果显示,大麻纤维的耐海水腐蚀性能要比苎麻纤维和亚麻纤维好,用海水浸泡有利于麻纤维上的部分木质素去除,大麻纤维中耐海水腐蚀的成分主要为纤维素部分。

热塑性聚氨酯/芳纶纤维柔性复合材料蒙皮的性质研究

本文以芳纶纤维为增强体,热塑性聚氨酯为基体,采用挤出涂覆技术制备了一种柔性复合材料蒙皮,可作为海洋石油运输存储的载体。通过对蒙皮材料进行拉伸强度、剥离强度、红外光谱和扫描电镜等测试,结果表明该蒙皮材料耐海水介质性能好,海水对蒙皮材料强度影响较小,且纤维和树脂界面结合程度仍然很高;高温对蒙皮材料强度影响较大,低温对强度影响不明显。

高品级PVC耐磨防滑材料的研制

本文采用高品级聚氯乙烯 (PVC)塑料薄膜为基体 ,采用自行合成的丙烯酸酯共聚树脂为胶粘剂 ,制备高品级PVC耐磨防滑材料。该产品具有粘结强度高 ,柔软性好 ,突出的耐水、耐海水性 (≥ 30天 ) ,以及优异的耐候性能 ,耐磨性达到JB/GQ .F60 13- 86标准。

有机累托石/环氧树脂(OREC/EP)复合材料的制备和性能研究

用单体原位插层技术制备了有机累托石／环氧树脂（OREC／EP）复合材料，考察了OREC的加入及其含量对复合材料OREC／EP体系的力学性能、耐介质性能和耐紫外线性能的影响。研究发现：OREC是一种良好的环氧树脂增韧改性剂，OREC的加入可改善复合材料的综合性能。当OREC质量分数为3％时，冲击强度和弯曲强度提高幅度最大，分别为6．25％和8．39％，耐海水性能效果最好；在添加质量分数为1％～7％时，复合材料体系的耐酸（碱）和耐紫外线性能均随OREC含量的增加而上升。

Electrochemical properties of magnesium alloy anodes discharged in seawater

Magnesium alloys can be developed as anode materials for seawater activated batteries. The electrochemical properties of AZ31, AP65 and Mg-3%Ga-2%Hg alloy anodes discharged in seawater were studied. The potentiodynamic polarization shows that the Mg-3%Ga-2%Hg alloy provides more negative corrosion potentials than AZ31 or AP65 alloy. The galvanostatic discharge results show that the Mg-3%Ga-2%Hg alloy exhibits good electrochemical properties as anodes in seawater. And the EIS studies reveal that the magnesium alloy anode/seawater interfacial process is determined by an activation controlled reaction. The Mg3Hg and Mg21Ga5Hg3 phases in Mg-3%Ga-2%Hg alloy improve its electrochemical properties better than the Mg17（Al,Zn）12 phase in AZ31 and Mg（Pb） solid solution phase in AP65 alloys.

Microstructures and electrochemical corrosion properties of Mg-Al-Pb and Mg-Al-Pb-Ce anode materials

Mg-Al-Pb alloy is a good candidate for the anode material of magnesium seawater battery. For improving the low current utilization efficiency of Mg-Al-Pb alloy, the influence of Ce on the microstructures and electrochemical corrosion properties in a 3.5% NaCl solution was investigated using scanning electron microscope and electrochemical measurements. The results indicate that Ce refines the grain structure of Mg-Al-Pb alloy. The formation of strip Al11Ce3 second phase promotes the uniform distribution of Mg17Al12 phase in Mg-Al-Pb-Ce alloy. The addition of cerium accelerates the discharge activity of Mg-Al-Pb alloy. Due to a large number of cathodic Al11Ce3 and MglyAla2 phases, Ce promotes the micro-galvanic corrosion and leads to larger corrosion current density and hydrogen evolution rate in Mg-Al-Pb-Ce alloy than those in Mg-Al-Pb alloy. However, Mg-Al-Pb alloy expresses smaller utilization efficiency than Mg-Al-Pb-Ce alloy because of grain detachment.

Study on the Changes of Non-structural Carbohydrates and Nitrogen Contents of Quercus aquifolioides Scrub along Different Elevation Gradient

[Objective] The aim was to compare the content changes between the non-structural carbohydrates（NSC）and the total nitrogen in various growing seasons,and to explore the response relationship between altitude and the contents.[Method] Taking Quercus aquifolioides scrub which widely distributed in Zheduoshan in the west of Sichuan as the experimental objects,the changes between NSC and the toal nitrogen in various growing seasons at different altitude were studied.[Result] The results showed that the content of NSC in Quercus aquifolioides underground increased with the lift of elevation in the dormancy,but decreased in the early germination,growing period and growth stage.The content of NSC in the ground tissue changed non-linearly with increasing elevation.In addition,the total nitrogen of Quercus aquifolioides organizations was decreasing with increasing elevation in the dormant period,which did not change significantly in the other periods.This result implied that the content of NSC in Quercus aquifolioides underground was more sensitive to temperature.[Conclusion] The experiment laid basis for the exploration of the physical and ecological mechanism of underground plants adaptability to highland environment,their response to global climate changes and adjustment to high altitude ecological system.

Detection of gas hydrate sediments using prestack seismic AVA inversion

Bottom-simulating reflectors (BSRs) in seismic profile always indicate the bottom of gas hydrate stability zone, but is difficult to determine the distribution and features of gas hydrate sediments (GHS). In this study, based on AVA forward modeling and angle-domain common-image gathers we use prestack AVA parameters consistency inversion in predicting gas hydrate sediments in the Shenhu area at northern slope of South China Sea, and obtain the vertical and lateral features and saturation of GHS.

永记造漆研制新型船舶压载舱涂料

压载舱由于工作环境恶劣,干湿交替频繁,以及结构复杂不易进行清洁和涂装维护,使得其成为船舶各舱室中腐蚀最为严重的部位之一,而压载舱的腐蚀问题往往会带来极其严重的安全隐患,这就对船舶压载舱涂料有着很高的要求。目前市场上的船舶压载舱涂料溶剂含量高,具有公害大、不环保等缺点,并且耐磨性差、耐水及耐海水性差。

新型高效环保防腐涂料

上海开林造漆厂开发出一种高效环保型防腐涂料，可替代传统的防锈涂料。传统的防锈涂料虽然防锈效果良好．但铅含量较大，对人体和环境有较大危害，已在诸多领域被禁止使用。上海开林造漆厂研制成功的高效环保型防腐涂料，既具有传统防锈涂料优良的耐水性、耐海水性、耐油性、耐冲击性、耐磨性和良好的附着力等优点，又具有安全、高效、低毒的环保特性，可广泛应用于大型桥梁、港口机械、石油开采、矿井设备、厂房钢结构、石油储罐外壁、煤气柜外壁、船舶等行业领域。

A Study of Fructification Quantitative Characteristics of Spartina alterniflora Lossel in Mangroves

[Objective] The countermeasure on the number of fructification of Spartina alterniflora in the period of sexual reproduction and the component of seed yielding construction was explored.[Method] The Spartina altemiflora in Mangroves conservation zone located at Hepu of Guangxi being taken as experimental material, its morphological and quantitative characteristics, as well as the weight of 100 full seeds at maturity stage in three different growth conditions（ clay, loam and sand） were studied. [ Results] The results showed that Spartina alterniflora had the best growth pattern in the loam. The morphological factors of fructification of S. altemiflora grown in sand were larger then in others. In the three growth conditions the order of quantitative characteristics of fructification of S. alterniflora was clay 〉 sand 〉 loam and the seeds in spikelet at top position were more maturity than those at the button position. [ Conclusion] In good condition, the Spartina altemiflora growth was vigor but the ratio of seed-setting was low.

Comparative Study on the Structural and Moisture Characteristics of Leaf from the Plantlets of Three Types of Ornamental Lilium brownii

[ Objective] The study was to compare the structural and moisture characteristics of leaf from the plantlets of three types of omamental lily（ Lilium brownii）. [ Method ] The paraffin sections of leaves of tested lily varieties were prepared and then observed under microscope, and the stomatal characteristics and moisture characteristics of tested lily varieties were measured. I Resaltl All the three ornamental lily varieties show isobilateral leaf, single layer of epicuticula and lower epidermis, and no obvious differentiation of palisade tissue and spongy tissue; their stomata distribute in lower epidermis, and the guard cells are dumbbell-shaped; all of these matedais present high moisture. For the leaf sick- ness, midrib sickness and mesophyll tissue sickness, the order was determined to be oriental lily 〉 Lilium/ongiflorum 〉 Asian lily; of the three types of ornamental lily, Ulium Iongiflorum has the largest stomatai aperture and Asian lily has the smallest; focusing the water potential and moisture, the turn was Asian lily 〉 oriental lily 〉 Lilium Iong＇fflorum. [ Condusion] The study may facilitate the artificial regulation of the growth conditions of the plantlets of ornamental lily.

Review of Global Ocean Intermediate Water Masses: 1.Part A, the Neutral Density Surface (the ‘McDougall Surface’) as a Study Frame for Water-Mass Analysis

This review article commences with a comprehensive historical review of the evolution and application of various density surfaces in atmospheric and oceanic studies. The background provides a basis for the birth of the neutral density idea. Attention is paid to the development of the neutral density surface concept from the nonlinearity of the equation of state of seawater. The definition and properties of neutral density surface are described in detail as developed from the equations of state of seawater and the buoyancy frequency when the squared buoyancy frequency N2 is zero, a neutral state of stability. In order to apply the neutral density surface to intermediate water-mass analysis, this review also describes in detail its practical oceanographic application. The mapping technique is focused for the first time on applying regularly gridded data in this review. It is reviewed how a backbone and ribs framework was designed to flesh out from a reference cast and first mapped the global neutral surfaces in the world’s oceans. Several mapped neutral density surfaces are presented as examples for each world ocean. The water-mass property is analyzed in each ocean at mid-depth. The characteristics of neutral density surfaces are compared with those of potential density surfaces.

Facile preparation of sepiolite@LDH composites for the visible-light degradation of organic dyes

Sepiolite@LDH(Sep@LDH)composites were designed and prepared based on the assembly of layered double hydroxides(LDH)on acidified sepiolites(Sep)for the simultaneous photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange(MO)and methylene blue(MB).The structure,morphology,texture,optical properties,and photocatalytic performance of the prepared Sep@LDH were studied in detail.Among the Sep@LDH composites,Sep4@LDH(4.0 g Sep)exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity under visible‐light irradiation,which could be attributed to its large surface area,high crystallinity,and plentiful active sites on its surface.The photodegradation of the dyes followed a pseudo first‐order kinetic model(Langmuir‐Hinshelwood model),indicating that the copious and homogeneous active sites on the surface of the composites contributed to the high photocatalytic activity.The photodegradation mechanism was studied by examining the active species(^-OH,h+,and·O2^-anions)using appropriate scavengers.It was found that·OH radicals played a critical role in the photocatalytic process of MO and MB,where the generation of·OH radicals occurred on the electron/hole(e^-/h+)pairs on the surface of the Sep@LDH composites.