海水拌和对纤维增强超高性能混凝土中钢纤维的影响

通过采用不同水泥含量制备海水拌和纤维增强超高性能混凝土(UHPFRC),研究了海水拌和对UHPFRC中钢纤维的影响机理及其对宏观性能的作用机制。参照相关测试标准对其工作性能与力学性能进行了测试,同时设计单丝拉拔测试和水泥含量等效电路试验。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜和X射线能谱仪对钢纤维表面的元素分布进行了面扫描,进而形貌分析及锈蚀情况分析。首先,海水拌和会引起UHPFRC中钢纤维轻微锈蚀,导致钢纤维与基体之间脱黏拉应力增大,会略有降低钢纤维拉拔过程中的最大拉应力、平均黏结强度和等效黏结强度;其次,海水拌和UHPFRC后期抗压强度可以达到基准组的90%以上,可以满足它的力学性能使用要求;最后,海水拌和会引起UHPFRC体积电阻的增大,而水泥含量的增加会降低它的体积电阻,使钢纤维锈蚀程度减少。

海水拌和与偏高岭土对铁铝酸盐水泥水化的影响

铁铝酸盐水泥具有优异的抗海水侵蚀性能,在海洋工程应用中具有突出优势。研究了海水拌和与掺入偏高岭土对铁铝酸盐水泥浆体的流动度、凝结时间、水化热、电阻率、内部温度、化学收缩、抗压强度和水化产物的影响。结果表明,掺入偏高岭土减小了水泥浆体的流动度,缩短了凝结时间,72 h化学收缩、24 h电阻率均减小,浆体内部温度峰值降低。偏高岭土掺量小于20%时可加快早期水化放热速率、化学收缩和电阻率,并可促进钙矾石生成。海水拌和能加快水泥水化,使得水泥浆体的流动度显著降低,凝结时间显著缩短,并生成水化产物Friedel盐。海水和适量的偏高岭土拌和促进了更多的钙矾石生成,提高了铁铝酸盐水泥浆体的抗压强度。各试样的180 d抗压强度与淡水拌和时相比提高48.6%~80.2%。

Possibility of Sea Water as Mixing Water in Concrete

In the near future, fresh water will be very difficult to get and scarce. It is said that in 2025 half of the mankind will live in the areas where fresh water is not enough. Also, UN and WMO （World Meteorological Organization） are predicting five billion people will be in short of even drinking water. Also, in the present, there are some areas where sea water or chloride contained sand are used as mixing water with or without intension. The authors believe that the possibilities of using sea water as mixing water in concrete should be investigated seriously. In this paper, the authors would like to show various possibilities of using sea water as mixing water in RC （reinforced concrete） members. The possibilities are shown as follows： （1） mixed with pozzolanic materials （Blast furnace slag powder, etc.） expecting to fix the free chloride ion; （2） Mixed with corrosion inhibitor; （3） reinforced with stainless steel or corrosion resistant reinforcement; and （4） used in very dry or submerged conditions.