伊厄棣斯的“海洋性格”问题

伊厄棣斯是亨利克·易卜生早期浪漫剧《海尔格伦的海盗》中的女主人公。作者运用挪威海地理意象,与伊厄棣斯的性格特征相互映衬,塑造了其勇于反抗、向往自由的"海洋性格"。这种"海洋性格"具有双重审美意义:一方面伊厄棣斯积极反抗并追求自由,另一方面又消极自恋并逃避自由。

山东当代作家创作中的海洋文化精神——以张炜、赵德发小说为中心

山东半岛濒临大海,其文化具有典型的海洋文化特征。以王润滋、张炜、赵德发等为代表的山东当代作家创作深受海洋文化的影响。首先,山东当代作家塑造了具有典型海洋性格的人物形象,表现了海边人民在与大海搏斗中形成的顽强性格;其次,他们的创作反映了海边人民丰富的民俗文化生活,对方仙道文化和海神信仰的书写具有鲜明的地域色彩,关于徐福、民间高人、养生世家,以及海神及其化身的描叙,都体现了海洋对海边人民精神信仰的熏陶;最后,张炜、赵德发等在作品立足传统海洋文化精神,揭示并反思了海边开发带来的环境污染、身体疾病、人性异化诸问题,其中的现代性反思视角,也蕴含有对生态海洋文化精神的热爱与追寻。

Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis of Regional Marine Ecosystem Services Value

Marine ecosystem services are the benefits which people obtain from the marine ecosystem,including provisioning services,regulating services,cultural services and supporting services. The human species,while buffered against environmental changes by culture and technology,is fundamentally dependent on the flow of ecosystem services. Marine ecosystem services become increasingly valuable as the terrestrial resources become scarce. The value of marine ecosystem services is the monetary flow of ecosystem services on specific temporal and spatial scales,which often changes due to the variation of the goods prices,yields and the status of marine exploitation. Sensitivity analysis is to study the relationship between the value of marine ecosystem services and the main factors which affect it. Uncertainty analysis based on varying prices,yields and status of marine exploitation was carried out. Through uncertainty analysis,a more credible value range instead of a fixed value of marine ecosystem services was obtained in this study. Moreover,sensitivity analysis of the marine ecosystem services value revealed the relative importance of different factors.

后记

'走向深蓝'含义有二,其一是人民海军建设发展,从浅海到深海;二是作为老百姓,作为生活于同时代的青年人,对他们的走近,了解个体的悲欢、梦想与作为。采访过程中时有困惑,因为发现热情豪放的海洋性格与沉稳低调的山峦作风,在他们身上奇妙地融合。一方面,很容易交朋友,对酒当歌,其何乐哉.另一方面,关于军事,关于行动,他们惊人一致地保持了低调。