海洋环境石油烃类污染物斑马鱼急性毒性效应研究

目的探讨海洋环境石油烃类污染物所致的斑马鱼急性毒性。方法根据急性鱼类毒性分级法.共分三个剂量组和一个空白对照组.采用静态染毒方式进行试验。结果在给予海洋环境石油烃类污染物后.100 mg/L剂量组2 h内斑马鱼全部死亡;10 mg/L剂量组24 h内斑马鱼全部死亡;而1 mg/L剂量组和空白对照组试验至96 h,所有斑马鱼均未死亡。结论该海洋环境石油烃类污染物的96 h斑马鱼LC50位于1~10 mg/L之间,判定为急性水生环境毒性Ⅱ级,提示石油烃类污染物对环境水生态可能会造成一定程度的影响。

激光雷达在大气和海洋污染探测中的应用及其发展趋势初探

激光是一种新型光源,激光与普通光相比,具有很好的单色性、方向性、相干性和高亮度以及高功率、高能量等特点。激光雷达是利用了激光的优良性能,集激光技术、光学技术和微弱信号探测技术于一体而发展起来的一种现代化光学探测手段。激光雷达的探测波长短、波束定向性强,能量密度高,因此,具有探测灵敏度高、空间分辨率高,能分辨被探测的物种和不存在探测盲区等优点,已经成为目前对大气、海洋和陆地进行高精度遥感探测的有效方法,广泛地应用于环境监测、航天、通信、导航和定位等高新技术领域。本文简述了激光的特性,重点阐述了激光雷达特点及其在大气污染和海洋烃类污染等方面的应用情况和发展趋势。

Petroleum Hydrocarbon Distribution Features in Water and Sediment off Fujian Shore

This study on the distribution features of petroleum hydrocarbon in water and sediment off the Fujian shore using data obtained from the baseline research on oceanic contamination in Fujian showed that: during the research period, petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations in water varied from 5.77 μg/L to 37.28 μg/L, averaged 14.48 μg/L; was lower in the wet season than in the dry season; and was highest in the Minjiang Estuary and Jiulong Estuary in both seasons. The petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations in shore sediment varied from 14.48 mg/kg to 784.36 mg/kg, averaged 133.3 mg/kg, and was closely related to sediment types (granularity).