福建深沪湾晚更新世沉积、古环境和地壳形变

研究福建深沪湾多种相的晚更新世沉积，包括有冲洪积相的含砾砂黏土、湖相黏土、潮问带生物沉积相即大片的古牡蛎滩及滨海相河口潮滩砂黏土和风成老红砂等，研究了它们的沉积学特征和形成古环境及其可能反映的复杂的构造形变．沉积相特征表明，深沪湾地壳经历了距今约60000a以来早期的可能下沉（距今约28000a开始海浸）-距今约2500015000a的与水动型海平面上升速率大致相同的抬升（生成晚更新世古牡蛎滩）-距今约1500011000a的可能与古强地震相关的快速抬升（古牡蛎滩脱离海面形成古牡蛎滩台地，深沪湾地区生成多个陆地凹陷）-距今约11000-7000a的相对稳定（凹陷内生长古森林）-距今约7000a的古强地震快速下沉（形成漏湖、古森林沉溺）-相对稳定-微弱抬升（又一次成陆）距今约2400a的又一次古强地震快速下沉（形成海底古森林及潮问带古牡蛎滩遗迹）-相对稳定（海岸堤形成）的地壳形变及环境变迁过程．

海陆气候变化记录相滞后:松山-布容极性转换约束

松山 布容极性转换位于中国黄土沉积层L8,即对应于冰期 .该沉积层具有记录地球磁场长期变化以及剩磁的Lock in深度小于深海沉积物的Lock in深度等特点 .结合大洋钻探研究成果 ,提出第四纪以来海洋与陆地气候记录一直存在着相滞后的观点 .

A Modelling Study of Inter-Annual Variation of Kuroshio Intrusion on the Shelf of East China Sea

Inter-annual variability of the Kuroshio water intrusion on the shelf of East China Sea (ECS) was simulated with a nested global and Northwest Pacific ocean circulation model.The model analysis reveals the influence of the variability of Kuroshio transport east of Taiwan on the intrusion to the northeast of Taiwan:high correlation (r=0.92) with the on-shore volume flux in the lower layer (50 200 m) ;low correlation (r=0.50) with the on-shore flux in the upper layer (0 50 m) .Spatial distribution of correlations between volume fluxes and sea surface height suggests that inter-annual variability of the Kuroshio flux east of Taiwan and its subsurface water intruding to the shelf lag behind the sea surface height anomalies in the central Pacific at 162 E by about 14 months,and could be related to wind-forced variation in the interior North Pacific that propagates westward as Rossby waves.The intrusion of Kuroshio surface water is also influenced by local winds.The intruding Kuroshio subsurface water causes variations of temperature and salinity of bottom waters on the southern ECS shelf.The influence of the intruding Kuroshio subsurface water extends widely from the shelf slope northeast of Taiwan northward to the central ECS near the 60 m isobath,and northeastward to the region near the 90 m isobath.

Seasonal variability of Kuroshio intrusion northeast of Taiwan Island as revealed by self-organizing map

The self-organizing map method is applied to satellite-derived sea-level anomaly fields of1993-2012 to study variations of the Kuroshio intrusion northeast of Taiwan Island.Four major features are revealed,showing significant seasonal variability of the intrusion.In general,the intrusion increases(decreases) with a high(low) sea-level anomaly at the edge of the East China Sea shelf in winter(summer).Open-ocean mesoscale eddies play an additional role in modulating the seasonal variation of the intrusion.Further analyses are needed to study eddy-Kuroshio interaction dynamics.

Shift of the principal mode of Pan-Asian monsoon summer precipitation in terms of spatial pattern

This paper documents that the principal mode of Pan-Asian monsoon summer precipitation experienced a prominent interdecadal shift around 1992/1993 in terms of spatial pattern and major driving factors. During 1979-1992 （Period 1, P1）, Pan-Asian monsoon summer precipitation anomalies mainly display a meridional dipole pattern from north to south, whereas in the period 1993-2016 （Period 2, P2）, it shows a meridional tripole pattern instead. The summer precipitation in P1 is primarily associated with a combination of the developing phase （central-eastern Pacific type） and decaying phase （eastern Pacific type） of El Nino-Southem Oscillation （ENSO）; while in P2, it is mainly associated with the decaying phase of central-eastern-Pacific-type ENSO.

Potential Applications of X-ray Fluorescence Core Scanner in Elemental Analyses of the Muddy Sediments on the Coastal Shelves of China and in Ecological Study

Large areas of muddy sediments on the coastal shelves of China provide important samples for studying climate and ecological changes. Analysis of a large number of such samples, which is essential for systematic study on environmental information recorded in mud areas because of complicated sedimentary environment and variable sedimentary rate, requires a fast and economical method. In this study, we investigated the potential of X-ray fluorescence core scanner （XRFS）, a fast analytical instrument for measuring the elemental concentrations of muddy sediments, and observed a significant correlation between the element concentrations of muddy sediments determined by regular X-ray fluorescence spectrometer （XRF） and XRFS, respectively. The correlations are mainly determined by excitation energy of elements, but also influenced by solubility of element ions. Furthermore, we found a striking link between A1 concentrations and marine-originated organic carbon （MOC）, a proxy of marine primary productivity. This indicates that MOC is partly controlled by sedimentary characteristics. Therefore, XRFS method has a good potential in fast analysis of a large number of muddy sediment samples, and it can also be used to calibrate MOC in ecological study of coastal seas.

Eurasian Winter Cooling: Intercomparison of Reanalyses and CMIP5 Data Sets

A cooling trend in wintertime surface air temperature over continental Eurasia has been identified in reanalysis and the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project phase 5(CMIP5)‘historical’simulations over the period 1989–2009.Here the authors have shown that this cooling trend is related to changes in Arctic sea-ice around the Barents-Kara seas.This study illustrates a consistent spatial and temporal structure of the wintertime temperature variability centered over Asia using state-of-the-art reanalyses and global climate model datasets.Our findings indicate that there is a physical basis for seasonal predictions of near-surface temperatures over continental Asia based on changes to the ice-cover in the Barents-Kara seas.

Monsoon Change in East Asia in the 21st Century: Results of RegCM3

The authors investigate monsoon change in East Asia in the 21st century under the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario using the results of a regional climate model, RegCM3, with a high horizontal resolution. First, the authors evaluate the model's performance compared with NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, showing that the model can reliably reproduce the basic climatology of both winter and summer monsoons over East Asia. Next, it is found that the winter monsoon in East Asia would slightly weaken in the 21st century with spatial differences. Over northern East China, anomalous southerly winds would dominate in the mid-and late-21st century because the zonal land-sea thermal contrast is expected to become smaller, due to a stronger warming trend over land than over ocean. However, the intensity of the summer monsoon in East Asia shows a statistically significant upward trend over this century because the zonal land-sea thermal contrast between East Asia and the western North Pacific would become larger, which, in turn, would lead to larger sea level pressure gradients throughout East Asia and extending to the adjacent ocean.

特提斯演化对地球环境演变的影响

对地球未来环境变化的准确预测应该建立在正确认识地球环境演变规律的基础之上,而地球固体圈层与表层圈层的耦合过程研究是获取上述规律认识的重要环节.本文重点探讨显生宙以来地球固体圈层演化与三次大冰期之间的关系,旨在厘清地球固体圈层变化影响环境演变的关键因素.地球自5亿年以来一个重要的特征是,主体处于南半球的冈瓦纳大陆通过不断的裂解、漂移,最终形成今天陆地主体处于北半球的洋陆格局,而原、古、新特提斯洋开启与关闭主导了这一陆块的南北大迁移.从冈瓦纳裂解的陆块聚集于低纬度区(南北纬20°之间)造成陆地面积明显增加时,恰好对应显生宙以来三次大冰期的降温时期.低纬度区是地球系统接受太阳能量密度最大的区域,但该地区大陆面积的增加会减少地表对能量的吸收,降低所吸收的能量向两极的传导与对流,从而导致全球表层温度降低.低纬度区由于日照充足,同时也是海洋浮游生物物种繁盛地,因而易形成富含有机质的沉积物.当大陆进入低纬度区时,大量生物残骸沉积在大陆边缘,为未来的成烃成藏创造了有利条件.在大洋关闭过程中,这些沉积物发生俯冲,降低了上盘岛弧地区岩浆的氧逸度,从而使特提斯域形成还原性岩浆热液矿产(钨、锡、锂等)资源特色.因此,在地球系统中,表层的板块运动通过改变洋陆格局和能量分配,使地球环境发生响应式改变,而这种改变又通过板块俯冲导致的物质循环使地表过程对深部构造产生重要影响.显然,特提斯是理解地球系统过程与变化的理想天然实验室.

Advances in GDGT research in Chinese Marginal Seas: A review

Archaeal and bacterial glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers(GDGTs) play a unique role in discerning the biogeochemical processes and climate change in terrestrial(e.g. soil, peat, stalagmites, lakes, rivers, hot springs) and marine environments. Organic proxies based on GDGTs(e.g. TEX_(86), MBT/CBT and BIT) have made impressive applications in the open ocean and terrestrial environments. However, the applicability of these proxies in marginal seas has not been thoroughly evaluated, which is necessary given the complexity and dynamics of these systems, such as organic matter(OM) flux, hydrodynamic conditions, and human impact. This review aims to summarize recent studies of GDGTs and GDGT-based proxies in the Chinese marginal seas(CMS), which are characterized by diverse gradient in terrigenous supplies and ocean productivity and hold rich information on climate and sea level changes, ocean current dynamics, sedimentary evolution and biogeochemical processes.