鲜食型杂交玉米海香糯18的选育及高产栽培技术

海香糯18是重庆市绿海蔬菜研究所用自育自交系HB-1与H 18-1杂交组配而成的中熟杂交糯玉米新组合。本文介绍了海香糯18的亲本来源、选育过程、品种特征和配套高产栽培技术。

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淡淡海香最养颜，光子嫩肤不再可怕,身体里的一把火。

Effects of Salinity on Embryonic Development, Survival, and Growth of Crassostrea hongkongensis

This study examined the effects of salinity on embryonic development, survival, and growth of the Hong Kong oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis. The embryos, larvae, and juveniles of C. hongkongensis were held in artificial seawater at three different salinities(low, 15; medium, 23; and high, 30) to determine the optimum hatchery and nursery conditions for mass production of the seeds. Results showed that the percentage production of straight-hinged larvae from fertilized eggs was significantly lower at the high salinity than at the low- and medium-salinities(P < 0.05). The survival rates of larvae and juveniles differed significantly among the three salinity trials, with the highest survival rate observed at the low salinity(P < 0.05). The shell height of larvae was significantly larger at the low salinity than at the high and medium salinities from days 9 to 15(P < 0.05), whereas that of juveniles was significantly larger at the low salinity than at the high and medium salinities on day 70(P < 0.05). These results indicate that the larvae and juveniles of C. hongkongensis are tolerant to a wide range of salinities(15 to 30), but show better growth and survival at relatively low salinities. Thus, it is recommended to use relatively low salinities in hatchery and nursery systems for improved yields of C. hongkongensis.

Seasonal Gametogenesis of Host Sea Anemone(Entacmaea quadricolor) Inhabiting Hong Kong Waters

Studying gonadal development of annual cycle can reveal the process of gametogenesis and reproductive period, and evaluate fertility and source utilization of a species. Host sea anemones are conspicuous members of tropical and subtropical reef ecosystems, but little is known about its biology including reproductive seasonality. Here we reported a one-year study on the gametogenesis and reproduction of host sea anemone(Entacmaea quadricolor) inhabiting Hong Kong waters. E. quadricolor tissues were sampled in 12 occasions from 5 m and 15 m depths of water, respectively. Histological sectioning of the tissues showed that E. quadricolor was dioecious, and populational ratio of female to male was 1:1.6. The gonadal development was asynchronous within an annual cycle, which included proliferating, growing, maturing, spawning, and resting stages. The spawning occurred between August and October when surface seawater temperature reached the annual maximum(28℃), suggesting that temperature is an important factor modulating the gonadal development and mature of E. quadricolor.

The Sediment and Hydrographic Characteristics of Three Horseshoe Crab Nursery Beaches in Hong Kong

Horseshoe crab juveniles have been recorded from sand and sandy-mud nursery beaches at Pak Nai (western New Territories), San Tau and Shui Hau (Lantau Island), Hong Kong. In order to provide a better understanding of these beaches and to identify those plausible factors which have made them preferred by spawning horseshoe crabs, environmental parameters, including temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen content of the water, and particle size distribution and organic matter content of the sediments at the three sites, were determined and compared. The hydrographic and sediment data obtained for the three study sites have revealed some common environmental features. The three nursery beaches are relatively remote, and far (in Hong Kong terms) from urbanized and densely populated areas. The beaches are generally well sheltered from strong wave action and inundated regularly by estuarine waters. Horseshoe crab adults tend to select these beaches for spawning as their protected features ensures the laid eggs are less likely to be washed out of the sand, and hatched juveniles can feed on the meiofauna and grow. Sediments of the three beaches largely comprise medium-sized sand particles and are moderately sorted, suggesting medium porosity and good water permeability. Such a sand type, with the generally high oxygen levels in incursing waters, may help create a well-oxygenated micro-environment for the normal development of horseshoe crab eggs, larvae and juveniles. Lantau Island beaches at San Tau and Shui Hau are relatively free from organic pollution, as reflected in generally high dissolved oxygen level, and low BOD 5 and ammonia nitrogen values. Pak Nai is, however, more polluted.

Distribution and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) in Marine Environment of China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are potentially carcinogenic and mutagenic compounds that have raised considerable environmental concern. The highest concentrations of PAHs in the coastal sediment samples in China was 5.8-11.0μg/g (dry weight) in the core from the Huangpu River, Shanghai. The second highest concentration of PAHs was 4.42μg/g (dry weight) in surface sediment of Victoria Harbour in Hong Kong, and 5.73μg/g (dry weight) in sediment of Jiaozhou Bay, Qingdao City. The low concentrations of PAHs were always in the sediments far away from industrial zones and cities, and ranged from 0.10 to 0.30μg/g (dry weight). Several environmental parameters are considered for the identification of sources of PAHs in marine environment. High proportion of naphthalene, low molecular weight PAHs and alkylated PAHs, plus high ratio of phenanthrene to anthracene (>15) and low ratio of fluoranthene to pyrene (<1) suggested a petrogenic source. According to these parameters, the Changjiang (Yangtze) River estuary of Shanghai, Jiaozhou Bay of Qingdao City, Zhujiang (Pearl) River mouth, Jiulong River mouth and most of Hong Kong coastal waters were heavily contaminated by PAHs from petrogenic sources. However, PAHs in rural coastal areas were dominated by pyrolytic origin PAHs. This review clearly showed that oil pollution and incomplete combustion of oil, coal and biomass are the main reason for PAHs anormalies in the study areas.

Identification of Potential for Banana in Hainan Island, China

Land use alternatives are sought to boost agricultural income and productivity in Hainan Island, China.Regional differences exist in crop limitations, such as typhoon risk, low temperatures, poor soil fertility, and drought. In this study a crop zonation was made for a range of crops, among which is banana, as a way to: 1)establish areas for potential expansion for banana, and 2) identify limitations and options for crop and land management. A spatial soil and terrain database of Hainan Island (1:250 000) was linked to the automated land evaluation system (ALES). The qualitative models were verified by comparing suitability maps with actual land use. The results may support policy formulation on issues such as alternatives to current land use, assessment of best management practices, and the need for fertilizer programmes.

Comparative study of hydrographic conditions for algal bloom formation in the coastal waters of east and west of Hong Kong during 1998

Phytoplankton abundance was found to be positively correlated with seasonal changes of seawater temperature in Port Shelter and Lamma Channel, Hong Kong in 1998. Rising water temperature from around 20℃ to 25℃ coincided with an increase in phytoplankton abundance at both locations. Heavy rains from June to September reduced salinity from 30 to 20, but the decrease in salinity was not correlated with a decline in phytoplankton abundance. In spring 1998, over 0.6×10^6 cells dm^-3 and 0.1× 10^6 cells dm^-3 of the dinoflagellate, Gymnodinium mikimotoi Miyake et Kominami ex Oda occurred in the coastal waters of Port Shelter and Lamina Channel, respectively. High abundance of the dinoflagellate Ceratium furca （Ehr.） Claparede et Lachmann （〉1×10^6 cells dm^-3） produced long-lasting blooms in the waters of Port Shelter from September to October in 1998. The abundances of both diatoms and dinoflagellates were significantly lower in the waters of Lamina Channel than those in Port Shelter due to the less frequent blooms in 1998. Hydrographic conditions such as stable water masses and water column stratification were the main reasons for the differences in the algal abundance and bloom frequency found between the two locations since neither of the two areas appeared to be nutrient-limited. This type water condition for the formation of algal bloom in Port Shelter has not been reported previously and it is not a general case for many bays along China＇s coast where algal bloom occurs as well.

The Formation of Precipitation Anomaly Patterns during the Developing and Decaying Phases of ENSO

This study proposes a new explanation for the formation of precipitation anomaly patterns in the boreal summer during the E1 Nifio-Southem Oscillation （ENSO） developing and decaying phases. During the boreal sum- mer June-July-August （JJA） （0） of the E1 Nino （La Nina） developing phase, the upper level （300-100 hPa） positive potential temperature anomalies resemble a Ma- tsuno-Gill-type response to central Pacific heating （cool- ing）, and the lower level （1000-850 hPa） potential tem- perature anomalies are consistent with local SST anoma- lies. During the boreal summer JJA（1） of the E1 Nifio （La Nifia） decaying phase, the upper level potential tempera- ture warms over the entire tropical zone and resembles a Matsuno-Gill-type response to Indian Ocean heating （cooling）, and the lower level potential temperature anomalies follow local SST anomalies. The vertical heterogeneity of potential temperature anomalies influences the atmospheric stability, which in turn influences the precipitation anomaly pattern. The results of numerical experiments confirm our observations.

Research on Adult Education development towards Hong Kong, Macao and the Overseas under the background of ＂The Belt and Road＂

This document reviews the development of adult education towards Hong Kong, Macao and the Overseas over the past 30 years in Jinan University, and puts forward ideas for the development under the background of＂The Belt and Road＂. Such as： Increase policy support and enhance the level of management services; Based on big data analytics, optimize the mode of talent training; Develop short-term training projects and promote online education; Establish brand awareness and improve teaching quality monitoring mechanisms.

Enhanced Yield and Quality in Some Banana Varieties Applied with Commercially Manufactured Biostimulant Aquasap from Sea Plant Kappaphycus alvarezii

A field study was conducted to investigate the effect of Aquasap, a commercially manufactured biostimulant from seaweed Kappapphycus alvarezii on some hills and foothills banana varieties namely Robusta （AAA）, Njali poovan （AB）, Red banana （AAA） and Nendran （AAB） by applying at 5% through foliar spray at the 3rd, 5th and 7th month of plantation. Both quantitative and quality data of fruits were analyzed along with vegetative growth of the plants. The seaweed biostimulant was found very effective on increasing the weight and nutritional contents of all four banana varieties tested. The highest yield was found in Robusta with 56.58% over control followed by Njali poovan, Red banana and Nendran with 19.08%, 39.35% and 11.46%, respectively. Yield of fruits per hectare of four varieties treated were 76.96, 19.23, 29.68 and 23.37 metric ton （mt）, respectively. Fruits of treated plants also showed less moisture level as compared to control with 240.61%, 62.30%, 61.68% and 37.18% more carbohydrate, 283.71%, 94.07%, 62.87% and 38.93% higher proteins and 153.02%, 47.37%, 58.73% and 31.48% higher minerals respectively as compare to control plants. Therefore, the simple practice of application of eco-friendly seaweed based biostimulant would benefit small and marginal farmers of banana.

Bioinformatic Analysis of BBTV Satellite DNA in Hainan

Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV),family Nanaviridae,genus Babuvirus,is a single stranded DNA virus (ssDNA) that causes banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) in banana plants.It is the most common and most destructive of all viruses in these plants and is widespread throughout the Asia-Pacific region.In this study we isolated,cloned and sequenced a BBTV sample from Hainan Island,China.The results from sequencing and bioinformatics analysis indicate this isolate represents a satellite DNA component with 12 DNA sequences motifs.We also predicted the physical and chemical properties,structure,signal peptide,phosphorylation,secondary structure,tertiary structure and functional domains of its encoding protein,and compare them with the corresponding quantities in the replication initiation protein of BBTV DNA1.

Evaluation of Hong Kong Convention in the Maritime Industry

The HKC （Hong Kong Convention） adopted by the IMO in 2009 is aimed at ensuring that ships, when being recycled after reaching the end of their operational lives, do not pose any unnecessary risk to human health and safety of the marine environment. The text of the ship recycling Convention was developed with input from the IMO （International Maritime Organization） Member States and relevant NGOs （Non-Governmental Organizations）, and in co-operation with the ILO （International Labor Organization） and the Parties to the Basel Convention. The Convention intends to address all the issues around ship recycling, taking into account that ships sold for scrapping may contain environmentally hazardous substances. It addresses concerns raised about the working and environmental conditions at many of the world ship recycling locations. Regulations in the new Convention cover： the design, construction, operation and preparation of ships so as to facilitate safe and environmentally sound recycling, without compromising the safety and operational efficiency of ships; the operation of ship recycling facilities in a safe and environmentally sound manner; and the establishment of an appropriate enforcement mechanism for ship recycling, incorporating certification and reporting requirements. This paper will present and discuss the evaluation of the Hong Kong Convention. Also it will discuss implementing the Hong Kong convention to improve the recycling business, highlighting the effect of the convention on the maritime industry.

从专利看海茴香提取物在化妆品中的应用

海茴香中富含维生素C和矿物质,其提取物具有抗氧化、修复、再生、抗菌、美白等多种功效,被广泛应用于各类型化妆品中。本文介绍了潜力股天然提取物成分——海茴香提取物的护肤作用、机理、相关专利技术及主要护肤品,以期为海茴香提取物在化妆品领域的进一步开发提供参考。

Apigenin-7-O-β-D-glycoside isolation from the highly copper-tolerant plant Elsholtzia splendens

Elsholtzia splendens （Lamiaceae） is a copper-tolerant plant species growing on copper deposits in the south of China. Chromatographic separation of n-BuOH extracts from the flowering aerial biomass afforded apigenin- 7-O-β-D-glycoside, using macroporous resin, SephadexTM LH-20 gel, polyamide resin as well as preparative high- performance liquid chromatography （P-HPLC） columns. Chemical structure was elucidated using HPLC/ESI-MS （electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry）, Fourier transform infrared （FTIR）, and 1D- and 2D-nuclear magnetic resonance （NMR）. Apigenin-7-O-β-D-glycoside could be the post-harvesting product from E. splendens biomass.

Discovery of angucyclinone polyketides from marine actinomycetes with a genomic DNA-based PCR assay targeting type Ⅱ polyketide synthase

Angucyclinones are aromatic polyketides produced by type Ⅱ polyketide synthases（PKS） and are mainly found in terrestrial actinomycetes. To discover more angucyclinones from marine actinomycetes, a genomic DNA-based PCR assay targeting type Ⅱ polyketide synthases was performed. Among the 167 marine actinomycetes strains screened, twelve strains were identified as the ＂positive＂ strains possessing type Ⅱ PKS-encoding genes based on the sequencing of PCR products. One of the 12 ＂positive＂ strains, Streptomyces sp. PKU-MA00218 was selected for the large-scale fermentation based on the HPLC and TLC analysis. Four angucyclinones, 6-deoxy-8-O-methylrabelomycin（1）, 8-O-methylrabelomycin（2）, 8-O-methyltetrangulol（3）, C-ring cleavage product of angucyclinone C（4）, were isolated and their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic analyses. The isolation of angucyclinones 1–4 highlights the power of genome mining technologies based on biosynthetic knowledge in natural products discovery.

Effects of combined acupuncture and eugenol on learning-memory ability and antioxidation system of hippocampus in Alzheimer disease rats via olfactory system stimulation

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of combined acupuncture and eugenol on learning-memory ability and the antioxidation system of the hippocampus in Alzheimer disease (AD) rats. METHODS: Sixty Sprague Dawley rats, weighing (300±10) g, were randomly divided with 10 rats per group into a normal control group, AD model group, AD with cut olfactory nerve group, Xiu three-needle group, eugenol group, and combined acupuncture and eugenol group. The AD model was established by injection of amyloid β1-40 (Aβ 1-40). Morris maze tests were conducted for evaluating the learning-memory ability. Content of malo- ndialdehyde (MDA) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the hippocampus were detected. RESULTS: The average escape latency and the mean swimming distance in the normal control group, the Xiu three-needle group, the eugenol group, and the combined acupuncture and euge-nol group were significantly shorter than those in the AD model group (all P<0.01). The combined acupuncture and eugenol group had shorter escape latency and mean swimming distance than those in the Xiu three-needle group and the eugenol group. There were no significant differences between the Xiu three-needle group and the eugenol group and between the AD group and the AD with cut olfactory nerve group (P>0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the MDA content in the hippocampus significantly increased (P<0.05) and GSH-Px and SOD activities significantly decreased in the AD model group (P<0.01). Compared with the AD model group, significantly decreased (P< 0.01) and SOD and GSH-Px activities significantly increased in the Xiu three-needle group, eugenol group, and combined acupuncture and eugenol group (P<0.05). Compared with the Xiu three-needle group and eugenol group, the MDA content significantly decreased (P<0.05) and SOD and GSH-Px activities increased (P<0.05) in the combined acupuncture and eugenol group. There were no significant differences among the three indices between the Xiu three-needle group and the eugenol group and between the AD model group and the AD with cut olfactory nerve group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Both Xiu three-needle and eugenol can increase learning-memory ability, decrease MDA content, and increase SOD and GSH-Px activities in the hippocampus in AD rats. The combination of acupuncture with eugenol has stronger effects, and the effects depend on the olfactory pathway.

BLOGTALK

To be a real financial center, you must become a magnet for global financial activity. If the Shanghai stock market aims to become China＇s financial center, the Hong Kong Stock Exchange should strive to become East Asia＇s financial center. It should be actively pursuing the world＇s biggest companies, not scrabbling about for the limited number of red chips.