江南油杉幼苗接种AMF的菌根浸染及依赖性分析

为探索接种丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对江南油杉(Keteleeriai fortunei var.cyclolepis)苗木生长的影响,选择4个菌剂(HUN03B、XJ08A、HEB04、XJ04B)进行接种,检测接种AMF后幼苗的菌根浸染情况,测定苗高、地径和生物量等生长指标,并进行菌根依赖性分析。结果表明,4个菌剂均能对根系进行浸染,形成丛枝菌根结构,但浸染所需时间较长,接种360天后才检测到菌根结构;接种XJ08A菌剂处理的浸染率最高(41.57%),接种其他菌剂处理的浸染率较低(16.87%~35.96%)。接种AMF一定程度上促进了苗木的生长。接种4个菌剂后,苗木表现出的菌根依赖性不同,对HEB04表现为弱依赖,对HUN03B表现为中等依赖,对XJ08A和XJ04B表现为强依赖。综合比较,接种XJ08A菌剂处理表现较优,对江南油杉幼苗生长的促进效果最佳。

经低温贮存的大蜡螟幼虫对线虫侵染率及侵染强度的影响

大蜡螟（Ｇａｌｅｒｉａｍｅｌｏｎｅｌａ）幼虫对昆虫病原线虫极为敏感，又易于人工标准化饲养，因此常作为昆虫病原线虫的资源调查、活体繁殖、线虫回收和线虫毒力测定等研究的试虫。大蜡螟幼虫在真菌、细菌等其它微生物研究中也有广泛用途。在实际工作中，一次试验需用...

Cu^(2+)污染土壤接种AM真菌对紫云英生长的影响

通过5个土壤Cu2+水平(0,20,50,100,150mgkg-1)的盆栽试验,研究了不同土壤Cu2+水平接种AM真菌对紫云英生长的影响。结果表明:(1)随着土壤Cu2+水平升高,紫云英生物量下降,与未接种相比,接种AM真菌明显提高了紫云英的生物量,接种G.intraradices对紫云英生物量的提高比接种G.mosseae更为明显,两者间呈显著性差异。(2)随着土壤Cu2+水平升高,紫云英根段浸染率下降,菌丝琥珀酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶活性也下降。(3)在相同土壤Cu2+水平接种不同的AM真菌,紫云英根段浸染率有显著差异,接种G.intraradices的紫云英根段浸染率显著高于接种G.mosseae的处理,其菌丝琥珀酸脱氢酶活性及碱性磷酸酶活性也显著高于接种G.mosseae的处理。(4)接种G.intraradices能显著抑制Cu2+从紫云英地下部分向地上部分的运转,降低Cu2+的毒害,接种G.mosseae相对促进了Cu2+的运转。以上结果显示,Cu2+污染土壤中接种G.intraradices对紫云英生长具有促进作用。

不同AM菌剂对石山树种任豆幼苗生长的影响

为探索任豆(Zenia insignis)接种AM菌剂后的生长效应,采用4种丛枝菌根真菌(HUN03B、XJ08A、HEB04、XJ04B)接种剂和2种接种处理方式(蘸根、穴施)接种任豆幼苗,观测其接种40、70、110和150的侵染率和侵染强度变化过程,分析接种后任豆苗木的生长及生物量动态。结果表明:4种丛枝菌根真菌对任豆苗木生长均具有一定的促进作用,接种半年后的接种苗比未接种苗的苗高增加12.29%～22.73%,地径增加24.64%～39.11%,总生物量增加37.88%～57.20%。蘸根比穴施更易使菌剂浸染任豆幼苗根系,有效提高了前期侵染率,促进苗木生长,但2种接种方式的浸染率在接种后150 d左右基本一致。任豆生长以蘸根HUN03B丛枝菌根真菌的促进作用较好。研究结果对促进石漠化地区任豆造林生长,提高石漠化地区森林植被恢复与重建有重要意义。

Assessment of Biofouling Using Leaching Rate of Antifouling Agents and Bioluminescent Assay

The authors investigated the leaching rate of antifouling agents from marine paint using an instrument that allows direct measurement from the flat bottom of ship hulls shortly after dry dock. A similar procedure was also used for painted flat panels that were immersed in the ocean. The relationship between leaching rate and fouling condition was considered by quantifying the amount of ATP （adenosine triphosphate） on the surface of immersed flat panel using fluorescence spectroscopy. The leaching rate results from ship hulls showed good agreement with the value by reporting of leaching rate of antifouling agents. The fluorescence spectroscopy results showed that the amount of ATP on the surface of the panel increased over time as the leaching rate fell, which implies an inverse relationship between leaching rate and fouling index. Fluorescence spectroscopy was also seen to be a simple method for evaluating the relationship between biofouling indexes and leaching rate.