浸盆抢救萎蔫杜鹃

2002年入夏后，我的一盆双季杜鹃在二次挂营之际，老叶出现萎蔫，并耷拉了下来，这让我想起了2000年春买的一盆春鹃。当年虽对这盘冠径50多厘米的杜鹃，严把了浇水施肥关，但它还是于当年夏天死去了。为查清原因，我随手拔出死株，发现植株根系的松针土，竟有拳头大的一块像是从未见过水似的，干得发黄，而盆底的针叶土却因水多而腐烂发黑(塑料盆)。我想这可能是花商在上盐时，第一、二次救命水未浇适造成的。

盆栽小菊潮汐式灌溉栽培技术研究

为实现国产花卉的规模化、高品质生产,对盆栽小菊橙色雨燕开展潮汐式灌溉栽培技术研究。结果表明,最佳栽培基质为国产泥炭:进口泥炭:珍珠岩=4:4:2,最佳生产管理参数为供液高度3 cm、浸盆时间20 min。该栽培模式在提高花卉品质的同时,可节约水、肥、人工成本,减少病虫害的发生,属于环境友好型生产模式。

Nutrient Release Characteristics of Vinyl Chloride-Vinyl acetate Copolymers Coated SlowRelease Nitrogen Fertilizer and Its Effect on Soil Mineral Nitrogen

[Objective] The aim was to explore release characteristics of vinyl chlo- ride-vinyl acetate copolymer controlled-release N fertilizer and the effects on minerat nitrogen in soils. [Method] Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer and hydroxyl-modi- fied VCNAc were taken as coating materials to prepare slow release fertilizer. Nutri- ent release characteristics of VC/VAc slow release fertilizer was evaluated by water immersion method and the effects of VC/VAc slow release fertilizer on mineral ni- trogen were researched by pot experiment. [Result] The release periods of VC-VAc controlled-release urea and hydroxyl-modified VC/VAc coated urea were 60 and 50 d, respectively. Furthermore, the content of ammonium nitrogen reached the peak on the 30th d and the content of nitrate nitrogen reached the peak on the 60th d in soils in treatments with VCNAc and hydroxyl-modified VC/VAc; the content of nitrate nitrogen rose again on the 120th d in the treatment with VC/VAc. In terms of wheat yield, different treatments showed insignificant differences and rice yield in the treatment with VCNAc was significantly higher than that in the treatment with hy- droxyl-modified VCNAc （P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] The release days of slow controlled- release fertilizer vary upon pot experiment method and water immersion method. Slow controlled-release fertilizer is not suitable for monoculture, due to long fertilizer efficiency, but multiple cropping would be optimal for its role to be fully exploited.

长寿花二次开花诀窍

长寿花又名寿星花、圣诞伽蓝菜,多年生植物。茎直立,株高10～20厘米,全株光滑。叶肥厚、肉质,椭圆状长圆形,深绿色有光泽带红边。花期1～4月,圆锥状聚伞花序,花色绯红、桃红、橙红,花朵细密簇拥成团,整体观赏效果极佳,为优良的盆栽花卉。长寿花为典型的短日照植物,喜光,不耐阴;喜温暖,不耐寒,耐干旱;对土壤要求不严,宜疏松、肥沃的沙壤土。

君子兰“湿养”的尝试

制作3～5cm高的白铁盘，置放阳台一侧，也可用瓷盘、碗等搪、陶器皿。里面铺1cm左右厚的粗沙，上放盆栽君子兰。每隔1周左右向盘内注水浸盆一次，保持盆土长期不干。栽培君子兰最关键的应是保持盆土疏松透气。采用此法，避免了过去那种由于盆面浇水造成的土壤板结问题。采用“湿养”后，盆土自下而上吸水，干则吸，湿则会自然停止，因而既不会干旱，也不致于供水量过大，保证了君子兰的匀衡供水，从而生长极佳。

小盆景施肥有讲究

观花为主的小盆景，花后要继续施淡一点肥料，以促使下一年多开花。观果的小盆果可以施稍浓一些的肥料，并且要在开花前追施1-2次淡肥，以保证养分的充分供给。盆景施肥一般在清明前后，用浸盆法施一些稀薄的液肥，如绿肥和饼肥等。

用硬纸片助小苗“喝水”

小小花苗在花盆里生长，浇水是个问题，尤其是幼苗期。直接浇水会将小苗冲坏。浸盆法虽好，但又很费时间。另外浸盆时间长了，还会水大，使小苗“喝水”太多。