消费领域如何实施可持续发展战略

贯彻实施可持续发展战略,是一个涉及经济社会各个方面各个领域的系统工程。消费,作为社会再生产的一个重要领域,与生产、分配、流通有着密切的联系,同时,它也直接关系到人口、资源、环境状况和发展的持续能力的强弱。因此,在消费领域中如何贯彻可持续发展战略,就是一个值得引起重视和认真研究的问题。下面就此谈点粗浅看法。

经济绿色化发展与积极绿色财政政策的实施

我国实施可持续发展战略要求经济的绿色化发展 ,适应消费结构的高级化需要经济的绿色化发展 ,打破“绿色壁垒”也需要经济的绿色化发展。可以说 ,经济绿色化是我国国民经济发展的必然选择。本文拟就我国实施积极的绿色财政政策 ,促进国民经济的绿色化发展进行阐述。

关于发展低碳经济的宏观思考

本文提出了发展低碳经济的四项措施：即推行低碳生产，实行可持续的生产模式；倡导低碳消费，实行可持续的消费模式；控制高碳产业发展速度，加快产业结构调整；大力开展国际合作，引进低碳技术。

中国人口老龄化与老年消费问题

进入21世纪以来,人口老龄化问题随之突显,对整个社会的消费水平产生了严重影响。中国人口老龄化问题随着各种因素的制约尤显复杂,本文就针对这种现状作进一步的研究,最后提出老龄人口消费可持续发展的路径。

论和谐社会下消费伦理的构建

随着人类征服自然和改造自然能力的不断增强,面对社会中存在的资源匮乏、生存环境日益恶化的现象,人们已经意识到消费已经逐渐进入异化的状态了,必须要对人类的消费行为进行约束和规范,运用正确的消费伦理规范引导社会,培养良好的消费习惯。

IRP/DSM and Sustainable Development

This paper introduces the energy consumption status in China, elaborate the affects of the unreasonable energy consumption structure on energy environment and sustainable development of economy. Simultaneously, it points out the solution, i.e., to implement integrated resources planning (IRP)/demand side management (DSM), and gives some recommendations on the way of implementing IRP/DSM.

Strategic group theory： A customer-oriented view

Barney and Hoskisson （1990） argue that the strategic group research has neither established the existence of strategic groups, nor their relationship to firm performance. The primary reason behind the unsatisfactory results is the lack of a theoretical framework： what strategic variables to include in the analysis and their relative importance; the definition of an industry, and how to make competitive strategy operational. First, the author presents a customer-oriented theory of management which submits that, like Procter and Gamble, understanding customers should be the primary focus of a business. Second, the author proposes an integrated approach to competitive strategy. Because customer-perceived quality is far more critical to long-term success than any other factor, it should be the centerpiece of competitive strategy. The author suggests that competitive strategy should be divided in two interdependent dimensions： external and internal. It is the external strategy that should be considered the primary dimension because it reflects the customers＇ perspective, and provides a sense of direction regarding how the internal resources should be used. Next, the author presents an operational framework of competitive strategy which proposes that the best route to market share leadership in consumer markets is competing in the mid-price segment, offering superior quality compared to competition at a somewhat higher price： （1） to maintain an image of quality, and （2） to ensure that the strategy is profitable and sustainable. Finally, the author offers a framework of business or industry definition that extends Abell＇s （1980） three dimensions to seven. He suggests that an integrated approach to market segmentation provides the foundation for conducting strategic group analysis in consumer markets. So, in strategic group research, we need a bottom-up approach that begins with a product-market segment. In each product market, real competition occurs at the brand level. This is the ground where actual competitive wars are fought, and this is where the rich dynamics of competition often come to light.

Sustainable Development and Transition of Traditional Retailing Centers in Beijing from Consumers' Perspective

Based on the consumer questionnaires of the three traditional retailing centers,Qianmen,Wangfujing and Xidan in Beijing,this article analyzes the present features of consumer composition in the three retailing centers.What is more,the evolution course and function transition of traditional retailing centers is revealed based on the changing of consumer composition in different times.Lastly,the renewal method and development trends of traditional retailing centers are discussed based on the evaluation results in consumers'perspective.

Consumptive ecological footprint and productive ecological footprint: a modification on ecological footprint theory to evaluate regional sustainable development

Ecological footprint theory and its application achievements in global and regional sustainable development systems are studied by consulting the published literature, which finds that the application of ecological footprint theory to regional sustainability evaluation has leaded to a perplexity that the indicated result was inconsistent with the philosophy of sustainable development theory. Illuminated by the mechanical system of the movement of matters, it comes up that ecological footprint based on consumption of biologic production could not tell whether the ecological pressure acts on the specified region, and the original ecological footprint theory also undervalued the development impartiality of a region. A modification on this theory is made by introducing consumptive ecological footprint and productive ecological footprint, in which the latter is taken as the indicator of regional sustainability. The development impartiality can be demonstrated by comparison between the global ecological deficit per capita and regional consumptive ecological deficit per capita.

Corporate Social Responsibility： An Analysis on Consumer Perception

The purpose of this paper is to consider and analyze the profile of modem consumer （careful to consequences of its purchasing decisions in terms of social, ethical and environmental aspects）, in order to identify the role of corporate social responsibility （CSR） for consumer through a study on critical, ethical and responsible purchase of food products. The problem is investigated empirically through a choice experiment method, which is a stated preference method based on a household survey, and through the analysis of the survey on consumer perception. In the food industry, the choice of goods and services requires the consumer decisions that seem to be increasingly dependent on factors not attributable only to the quality/price relationship, instead, they also involve issues directly related to ethics, environment and protection of labor. Today, companies do not limit themselves to undertake CSR, but often they choose to bring the stakeholders aware of such conduct, in an attempt to improve corporate reputation and business results. Therefore, it is to outline a synergy between companies＇ businesses and consumer＇s choice. The findings are based on data from an Italian region, and as such are not directly extendable elsewhere, although they may result to be of interest to other industrialized areas. The paper offers a comprehensive view of relationship between consumers and theme of social responsibility, and how they interface with firms （especially agri-food big companies） and their products; role that CSR plays in relation to the impact it can have on the consumption of food products from buyers; importance that the consumer gives to CSR when purchasing a food product and consumers＇ receptiveness towards sustainable strategies; knowledge degree of particular food categories; consumer willingness to purchase ethically oriented companies＇ products.

A Study on the Sustainable Development of Tourism under the Perspective of lnternet Travel Consumers

With the rapid development of China＇s tourism market and the gradual improvement of people＇s pace of life, tourism has become an important way to relax people, so the proportion of tourism consumption in people＇s daily consumption gradually increased. In the context of the continuous development of Interact technology, consumer network characteristics become more and more obvious, followed by the emergence of a new consumer groups, that is, travel network consumers. Tourism network consumers as a new consumer group develop rapidly. The rapid development of the Internet has led to the great changes in the tourism industry. However, because of the tourism developers＇ only immediate interests, wanton development of tourism base, and the weak public awareness of tourism, the environment caused serious damage. This paper elaborates the concrete manifestation of the sustainable development of tourism, analyzes the adverse effects of the tourism industry on the ecological environment in sustainable development, and puts forward effective measures to promote the coordinated development of tourism and environmental protection.

Socially Responsible Consumer Behavior and Its Effectiveness on Advertisements in India

Growing environmental and social evils made the people around the globe realize the fact that their luxurious lifestyle and irresponsible consumption have destroyed the earth beyond its natural healing capacity. Magnitude and intensity of the repercussion pressurized them to understand sustainable and socially responsible consumption that has a direct bearing on the possible solution to the problems. Hence, this paper attempts to investigate the effect of age, education, income and gender on socially responsible consumption behavior of Indian consumers and whether the advertisements with social responsibility theme work better among socially responsible consumers. The exploratory study has been executed on a sample of 250 respondents from Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar by adopting convenience sampling method. Univariate ANOVA {：Analysis of Variance） has been applied to test the research expectations. Results indicate that demographic variables get less to do with the socially responsible consumption behavior of the respondents and social responsible theme as a communication strategy can reach the target audience irrespective of their concern for socially resnonsible ~on^lJrnntion

What Are the Attractiveness Factors That Influence the Choice of a Tourist Destination A Study of Brazilian Tourist Consumer

This paper results from an exploratory investigation regarding the tourist consumer behavior identifying which attractiveness factors from tourist destination define tourist consumer capacity and have importance in his choice In this investigation, a model elaborated based on a detailed situational analysis considering different aspects related with offering and demand that compose the tourist activity dimensions, such as infra structure, tourism potential, geographical factors, climate, economy, cultural and environmental resources public policies and sustainability was adopted. The competitive environment also was analyzed, once tourists have different destinations to their disposal which is attracted for destinations that offer optimum value and the greatest number of benefits. To reach the proposed objectives, an exploratory research through in depth personal interviews with 20 individuals was carried on using snow ball technique aims to identify the possible factors of attractiveness and related degree of importance of each of these possible factors in the tourist consumer behavior. After that, a confirmatory research was conducted with 150 individuals. The sampling process was done using convenience sample and data which were collected between November and December, 2009, through direct proportionally survey divided between man and woman

Consumer Response to the Product Carbon Footprint （PCF）

A survey of 277 German participants demonstrates that a Product Carbon Footprint （PCF） label is not yet a suitable instrument for communication with consumers because of the lack of standardized PCF calculation within Europe. Most consumers do not understand either the PCF statement or the PCF calculation. The public message of a PCF label does not conform to the terms of sustainability. At first sight, PCF seems to be an opportunity to communicate the sustainability aspects of food to consumers, but too many different approaches to defining PCF exist in Europe. Additionally, the use of a ＂green＂ PCF label may distort trading conditions because of the lack of PCF-issuing authorities in accordance with World Trade Organization （WTO） standards. Hence, PCF may ultimately deceive consumers through its misapplication if the PCF calculation is not aligned to internationally accepted standards.

Technological Innovation in Sustainable Building

Modern energy services are a necessary prerequisite for human well-being and the economic development of a country. Access to modern energy is essential for the supply of clean water, hygiene and health, and for the provision of reliable and efficient lighting, heating, cooking, and mechanical power. It seems clear, therefore, that the energy factor and its availability, the demand for which is growing, must be ensured over time. Moreover, considering that the world population will significantly increase in coming decades and, legitimately, all of these individuals want access to sources of energy for a better quality of life. The patterns of consumption most commonly used nowadays are expensive and highly polluting, but, most importantly, now they are almost completely exhausted. Therefore, research has to find sources of ＂alternative＂ and renewable energy in order to sustain the continuously growing global demand for energy. It is necessary, therefore, to develop and improve policies in order to change current consumption patterns, while strengthening approaches and strategies for sustainable models, applying incentives for good behavior and penalizing waste, and promoting the empowerment of producers. This paper concerns this sector and aims to highlight innovation in bioclimatic and eco-friendly buildings.

Realistic Reflections research on bustling and risks of Song capital

ABSTRACT： Under the guidance of the dual economy and hedonic consumption concept, the Song capital continue to meet basic survival needs, while demand has been further development, namely to improve the quality of life and business development of production requirements, even for non-moderate luxury pleasure obsession. The life of Song bustling capital has a history of some bad consumer behavior similarities with today＇ s Chinese society, learning from experience and establish appropriate consumer attitudes, which have focused on establishing a scientific degree of consumer attitudes in order to ensure the healthy development and sustainability of the market, it also pointed out the shortcomings of extravagant consumption concept and lessons learned from, it has considerable historical reference.

Sustainability Aspects of the Wheat Sector

In the frame of the present study, we examined the wheat sector with respect to economic and social sustainability. Accordingly, two research questions were formulated： （1） Is wheat production sustainable in economic terms？ and （2） Is wheat production sustainable in social terms？ Our view is that the content of sustainability can be defined on a case-by-case basis, and in our case, wheat production provides this content. To answer the research questions, we collected statistical data on the production area, average yield, production volume, selling price, consumption of wheat, and evaluated the tendencies prevalent in the sector. We suppose that in social terms, sustainability means maintaining consumption at least at a constant level, knowing that this sector produces considerable share of the direct and indirect food raw materials. A chief dilemma is that world population is continuously growing, although the size of the cultivated area in the wheat sector has not indicated significant changes over the past few decades. Unless increasing the yields, severe decrease may occur in the per capita production of wheat in the long run. In this case, the current consumption level will not be sustainable in the medium run. In addition, in the long run, it may even have influence on the consumption level of other commodities.

Analyzing Methods of Using Sustainable Development Indicators

Sustainable development indicators, aim to measure sustainable development over longer periods of time. The sustainable development indicators are grouped into 10 subject categories： socioeconomic development, sustainable consumption and production, social inclusion, demographic changes, public health, climate change and energy, sustainable transport, natural resources, global partnership and finally good governance. In this paper, the authors examined a number of researches and compared the methods they used in order to determine the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The methods used a large number of different indicators. The comparison of the indicators could be made through mathematical models and also through theoretical approach.

知识经济与精神文化消费

知识经济社会 ,知识资源取代自然资源成为社会主要消费对象和生产动力。作为构建良性知识资源消费与再生系统重要一环的精神文化消费倍受社会青睐。其消费地位与在消费结构中的比重大幅上升 ,促使精神文化消费水平、质量不断提高。与之相应的是精神文化产业的发展 ,精神文化产品的日益丰富和消费者素质与知识创新能力的增强 ,进而再有力推动知识经济不断发展。