This paper＇s purpose is to present a reflective analysis about the process of transnationalization in which the technique of assisted human reproduction has been going to the extent that such a procedure has been rev...This paper＇s purpose is to present a reflective analysis about the process of transnationalization in which the technique of assisted human reproduction has been going to the extent that such a procedure has been revealed as a true ＂fertility tourism＂, offered through packages for those people who have financial conditions, but cannot through natural means to realize the dream of membership. Through the dialectic method of discourse, promoting the comparison of the thought of many authors who focus on issues such as globalization, commodification of human, technical exacerbation detriment of humans, and their interpersonal relations, the author seeks to introduce issues that are the order of day with respect to this global market arising from the tremendous advances reproductive techniques in a society marked by economic interests, it turns much more to the consumer and considers the human being as an additional asset to be sold, since its conception. The author acknowledges that they cease for tourism human reproduction is a trade that is worth of human frailty, because relying on one of the most intimate aspects of life： the desire to be a mother or father or ultimately, the perpetuation of the species.展开更多
In the past few decades, economic globalization has driven rapid growth of cross-border trade and a new international division of labor, leading to increasing inter-country embodied carbon flows. Multi-region input-ou...In the past few decades, economic globalization has driven rapid growth of cross-border trade and a new international division of labor, leading to increasing inter-country embodied carbon flows. Multi-region input-output(MRIO) analysis is used to identify embodied carbon flows between major world regions, including seven regions along the Belt and Road(BR), and the spatial distribution of production-and consumption-based carbon intensities. The results show that current embodied carbon flows are virtually all from BR regions to developed countries, with more than 95% of world net embodied carbon exports coming from BR regions. Consumption in the United States and European Union countries induce about 30% of the carbon emissions in most BR regions, indicating that the former bear a high proportion of consumers' responsibility for the carbon emitted in the latter. For this reason, measuring environmental responsibilities from consumption rather than a production-based perspective is more equitable, while developing countries should be given a louder voice in the construction through dialogue and cooperation, in part in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, of an inclusive global climate governance system.展开更多
文摘This paper＇s purpose is to present a reflective analysis about the process of transnationalization in which the technique of assisted human reproduction has been going to the extent that such a procedure has been revealed as a true ＂fertility tourism＂, offered through packages for those people who have financial conditions, but cannot through natural means to realize the dream of membership. Through the dialectic method of discourse, promoting the comparison of the thought of many authors who focus on issues such as globalization, commodification of human, technical exacerbation detriment of humans, and their interpersonal relations, the author seeks to introduce issues that are the order of day with respect to this global market arising from the tremendous advances reproductive techniques in a society marked by economic interests, it turns much more to the consumer and considers the human being as an additional asset to be sold, since its conception. The author acknowledges that they cease for tourism human reproduction is a trade that is worth of human frailty, because relying on one of the most intimate aspects of life： the desire to be a mother or father or ultimately, the perpetuation of the species.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2016YFA0602804National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41701135
文摘In the past few decades, economic globalization has driven rapid growth of cross-border trade and a new international division of labor, leading to increasing inter-country embodied carbon flows. Multi-region input-output(MRIO) analysis is used to identify embodied carbon flows between major world regions, including seven regions along the Belt and Road(BR), and the spatial distribution of production-and consumption-based carbon intensities. The results show that current embodied carbon flows are virtually all from BR regions to developed countries, with more than 95% of world net embodied carbon exports coming from BR regions. Consumption in the United States and European Union countries induce about 30% of the carbon emissions in most BR regions, indicating that the former bear a high proportion of consumers' responsibility for the carbon emitted in the latter. For this reason, measuring environmental responsibilities from consumption rather than a production-based perspective is more equitable, while developing countries should be given a louder voice in the construction through dialogue and cooperation, in part in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative, of an inclusive global climate governance system.
