目的比较激光扫描共聚焦显微镜测量中央区和涡状区角膜上皮基底神经丛结果的一致性,从而筛选出更加合理可靠的检查部位。方法前瞻性研究。2018年11月至2019年2月募集年龄在20~40岁的健康志愿者30人作为研究对象,所有受试者经过筛查排除...目的比较激光扫描共聚焦显微镜测量中央区和涡状区角膜上皮基底神经丛结果的一致性,从而筛选出更加合理可靠的检查部位。方法前瞻性研究。2018年11月至2019年2月募集年龄在20~40岁的健康志愿者30人作为研究对象,所有受试者经过筛查排除影响神经功能的全身和局部病变后纳入本研究。入组受试者均选择右眼为受检眼,由2名经验丰富的医师完成3次激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检查。首先于受试当天由操作者A和操作者B各完成1次检查,1周后再由操作者A重复检查1次。所得图像用Adobe Photoshop图像处理软件拼接后,再用Neuron J图像分析软件进行定量分析,得到神经纤维长度(nerve fiber length,NFL)(mm·mm^-2)。然后分别根据涡状区和中央区NFL值绘制Bland-Altman散点图,并计算重复性系数(coefficient of repeatability,CoR)和95%一致性区间(limit of agreement,LOA),用于评估两个部位观察者内和观察者间一致性。结果所有受检眼均可于角膜中央偏鼻下方查见涡状结构,重复检查获得的涡状区图像显示角膜神经形态稳定,中央区图像显示角膜神经形态变异较大。涡状区一致性分析观察者内CoR值为6.6%,观察者间CoR值为6.1%,一致性很高;而中央区一致性分析观察者内CoR值为44.1%,观察者间CoR值为31.8%,一致性较差。Bland-Altman散点图涡状区观察者内和观察者间测量差值均聚集于“0”刻度线附近,且95%LOA较窄,均在平均NFL的1个标准差的区间内,一致性良好;中央区观察者内和观察者间测量差值分布较分散,95%LOA较宽,约为两次检查平均NFL标准差的2~3倍,一致性较差。结论涡状结构在健康人角膜上皮基底神经丛普遍存在,其形态特殊,位置固定,在图像采集时能够作为明确的角膜标记物;涡状区图像重复测量一致性良好,可以应用于角膜上皮基底神经丛的定量分析。展开更多
Difficulties in obtaining component characteristics in the sub-idle state of rotor constrain the simulation capabilities of ground and windmill start-up processes for turbofan engines.This paper proposes a backbone fe...Difficulties in obtaining component characteristics in the sub-idle state of rotor constrain the simulation capabilities of ground and windmill start-up processes for turbofan engines.This paper proposes a backbone feature method based on conventional characteristics parameters to derive the full-state characteristics of fan.The application of the fan’s full-state characteristics in component-level model of turbofan engine enables zero-speed iterative simulation for ground start-up process and windmill simulation for windmill start-up process,thereby improving the simulation capability of sub-idle state during turbofan engine start-up.展开更多
目的采用结构拼图观察糖尿病患者全视网膜光凝(PRP)前后角膜上皮基底神经丛(SNP)的变化,探讨PRP对SNP的损伤及相关机制。方法采用随机对照研究方法,于2019年4—11月纳入拟在山西省眼科医院行PRP治疗的2型糖尿病合并双眼糖尿病视网膜病变...目的采用结构拼图观察糖尿病患者全视网膜光凝(PRP)前后角膜上皮基底神经丛(SNP)的变化,探讨PRP对SNP的损伤及相关机制。方法采用随机对照研究方法,于2019年4—11月纳入拟在山西省眼科医院行PRP治疗的2型糖尿病合并双眼糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)Ⅳ期的患者57例114眼,采用随机数字表法将患者分为水平-垂直激光组和垂直-水平激光组。其中水平-垂直激光组29例29眼,光凝顺序为颞侧-鼻侧-下方-上方;垂直-水平激光组28例28眼,光凝顺序为下方-上方-颞侧-鼻侧。选择病情较重的眼为治疗眼,对侧眼为对照眼,分别于PRP治疗前、每次光凝后1周和PRP完成后1个月采用角膜激光扫描共焦显微镜(CCM)采集SNP涡状结构及其周围2~3 mm区域的图像,采用Photoshop CC 2017图像处理软件合成拼图,于Neuron J图像分析软件中测量涡状区神经纤维长度(NFL);于每次光凝后采用简式McGill疼痛问卷调查患者激光术后治疗眼疼痛情况;比较患者不同眼别及不同光凝顺序组间不同观察时间点SNP的NFL变化。结果治疗眼PRP后有11眼出现不同程度SNP神经结构缺失的神经损伤表现,对照眼SNP神经纤维未观察到明显变化。不同观察时间点治疗眼与对照眼NFL总体比较差异有统计学意义(F_(眼别)=2.020,P=0.039;F_(时间)=4.062,P=0.001)。水平-垂直激光组在第1次光凝后和第2次光凝后出现光凝侧SNP结构缺失;垂直-水平激光组在第3次光凝后和第4次光凝后出现光凝侧SNP结构缺失。2个组间治疗眼NFL总体比较差异无统计学意义(F_(分组)=0.099,P=0.754),治疗前后不同时间点NFL总体比较差异有统计学意义(F_(时间)=5.231,P<0.001)。PRP后治疗眼出现疼痛者9例,其中7例疼痛发生于第1次光凝后。结论DR患者PRP后可出现SNP损伤,水平径线光凝时容易导致光凝侧的SNP损伤。展开更多
Dual pn junctions in lateral and vertical directions are formed by diffusing the p^＋ on the patterned n-well in standard CMOS technology, which are inserted under the inductor in order to reduce the currents in the s...Dual pn junctions in lateral and vertical directions are formed by diffusing the p^＋ on the patterned n-well in standard CMOS technology, which are inserted under the inductor in order to reduce the currents in the substrate induced by the electromagnetic field from the inductor. The thickness of high resistance is not equivalent to the width of the depletion region of the vertical pn junctions,but the depth of the bottom pn junction in the substrate are both proposed and validated. For the first time, through the grounded p^＋-diffusion layer shielding the suhstrate from the electric field of the inductor, the width of the depletion regions of the lateral and vertical pn junctions are changed by increasing the voltage applied to the n wells. The quality factor is improved or reduced with the thickness of high resistance by 19%. This phenomenon validates the theory that the pn junction substrate isolation can reduce the loss caused by the currents in the substrate induced by the electromagnetic field from the inductor.展开更多
文摘目的比较激光扫描共聚焦显微镜测量中央区和涡状区角膜上皮基底神经丛结果的一致性,从而筛选出更加合理可靠的检查部位。方法前瞻性研究。2018年11月至2019年2月募集年龄在20~40岁的健康志愿者30人作为研究对象,所有受试者经过筛查排除影响神经功能的全身和局部病变后纳入本研究。入组受试者均选择右眼为受检眼,由2名经验丰富的医师完成3次激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检查。首先于受试当天由操作者A和操作者B各完成1次检查,1周后再由操作者A重复检查1次。所得图像用Adobe Photoshop图像处理软件拼接后,再用Neuron J图像分析软件进行定量分析,得到神经纤维长度(nerve fiber length,NFL)(mm·mm^-2)。然后分别根据涡状区和中央区NFL值绘制Bland-Altman散点图,并计算重复性系数(coefficient of repeatability,CoR)和95%一致性区间(limit of agreement,LOA),用于评估两个部位观察者内和观察者间一致性。结果所有受检眼均可于角膜中央偏鼻下方查见涡状结构,重复检查获得的涡状区图像显示角膜神经形态稳定,中央区图像显示角膜神经形态变异较大。涡状区一致性分析观察者内CoR值为6.6%,观察者间CoR值为6.1%,一致性很高;而中央区一致性分析观察者内CoR值为44.1%,观察者间CoR值为31.8%,一致性较差。Bland-Altman散点图涡状区观察者内和观察者间测量差值均聚集于“0”刻度线附近,且95%LOA较窄,均在平均NFL的1个标准差的区间内,一致性良好;中央区观察者内和观察者间测量差值分布较分散,95%LOA较宽,约为两次检查平均NFL标准差的2~3倍,一致性较差。结论涡状结构在健康人角膜上皮基底神经丛普遍存在,其形态特殊,位置固定,在图像采集时能够作为明确的角膜标记物;涡状区图像重复测量一致性良好,可以应用于角膜上皮基底神经丛的定量分析。
文摘以2024-T4铝合金为对象进行了搅拌摩擦扩散焊试验,首次提出并使用涡状搅拌针,且对比分析了涡状搅拌针数量对横截面形貌、材料流动行为与力学性能的影响.结果表明,涡状搅拌针作用下的搭接界面未出现明显的弯曲现象,增加涡状针的数量有利于增加焊核区底部的宽度.当采用4个涡状结构的搅拌针时,发生拉伸断裂模式的搭接接头有效连接宽度与断裂载荷均大于具有6个涡状结构的搅拌针,其值分别为11.74 mm及17 531.83 N.
文摘Difficulties in obtaining component characteristics in the sub-idle state of rotor constrain the simulation capabilities of ground and windmill start-up processes for turbofan engines.This paper proposes a backbone feature method based on conventional characteristics parameters to derive the full-state characteristics of fan.The application of the fan’s full-state characteristics in component-level model of turbofan engine enables zero-speed iterative simulation for ground start-up process and windmill simulation for windmill start-up process,thereby improving the simulation capability of sub-idle state during turbofan engine start-up.
文摘目的采用结构拼图观察糖尿病患者全视网膜光凝(PRP)前后角膜上皮基底神经丛(SNP)的变化,探讨PRP对SNP的损伤及相关机制。方法采用随机对照研究方法,于2019年4—11月纳入拟在山西省眼科医院行PRP治疗的2型糖尿病合并双眼糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)Ⅳ期的患者57例114眼,采用随机数字表法将患者分为水平-垂直激光组和垂直-水平激光组。其中水平-垂直激光组29例29眼,光凝顺序为颞侧-鼻侧-下方-上方;垂直-水平激光组28例28眼,光凝顺序为下方-上方-颞侧-鼻侧。选择病情较重的眼为治疗眼,对侧眼为对照眼,分别于PRP治疗前、每次光凝后1周和PRP完成后1个月采用角膜激光扫描共焦显微镜(CCM)采集SNP涡状结构及其周围2~3 mm区域的图像,采用Photoshop CC 2017图像处理软件合成拼图,于Neuron J图像分析软件中测量涡状区神经纤维长度(NFL);于每次光凝后采用简式McGill疼痛问卷调查患者激光术后治疗眼疼痛情况;比较患者不同眼别及不同光凝顺序组间不同观察时间点SNP的NFL变化。结果治疗眼PRP后有11眼出现不同程度SNP神经结构缺失的神经损伤表现,对照眼SNP神经纤维未观察到明显变化。不同观察时间点治疗眼与对照眼NFL总体比较差异有统计学意义(F_(眼别)=2.020,P=0.039;F_(时间)=4.062,P=0.001)。水平-垂直激光组在第1次光凝后和第2次光凝后出现光凝侧SNP结构缺失;垂直-水平激光组在第3次光凝后和第4次光凝后出现光凝侧SNP结构缺失。2个组间治疗眼NFL总体比较差异无统计学意义(F_(分组)=0.099,P=0.754),治疗前后不同时间点NFL总体比较差异有统计学意义(F_(时间)=5.231,P<0.001)。PRP后治疗眼出现疼痛者9例,其中7例疼痛发生于第1次光凝后。结论DR患者PRP后可出现SNP损伤,水平径线光凝时容易导致光凝侧的SNP损伤。
文摘Dual pn junctions in lateral and vertical directions are formed by diffusing the p^＋ on the patterned n-well in standard CMOS technology, which are inserted under the inductor in order to reduce the currents in the substrate induced by the electromagnetic field from the inductor. The thickness of high resistance is not equivalent to the width of the depletion region of the vertical pn junctions,but the depth of the bottom pn junction in the substrate are both proposed and validated. For the first time, through the grounded p^＋-diffusion layer shielding the suhstrate from the electric field of the inductor, the width of the depletion regions of the lateral and vertical pn junctions are changed by increasing the voltage applied to the n wells. The quality factor is improved or reduced with the thickness of high resistance by 19%. This phenomenon validates the theory that the pn junction substrate isolation can reduce the loss caused by the currents in the substrate induced by the electromagnetic field from the inductor.
