液体层析系统

Technikrom公司推出的两款中试生物过程台式液体层析系统Pilot Bioprocess LC，一种为500毫升／分种，另一种为1,000毫升／分种，两款系统的特点是符合卫生标准的流动通道设计，通过GMP认证可以用于生物纯化。Adaptive PAT可直接放大到生产规模的商业机型上。这个产品的特点是从生产规模的机型微型化发展出来的适应中试规模的产品，而不是由实验室设备放大而成。每个系统可以根据用户需求而定制。

环孢霉素A的副作用及其临床监测

与其它药物一样,环孢霉素A也有许多副作用,主要是肾毒性和淋巴瘤。尚有肝功能损害、多毛症、牙龈增生等。骨髓移植患者还可出现高血压、液体潴留,儿童偶见惊厥。一般来讲、这些副作用较轻,与使用剂量有关。因此,对环孢霉素A的临床用量进行监测,即应用放射免疫方法(RIA)或高效液体层析(HPLC)测定环孢霉素A血清或血浆水平能使我们选择疗效较好而毒性最小的最佳用药剂量。

棕榈科植物果实的中果皮油的组分分析

棕榈科植物果实的中果皮油的组分分析在法属圭亚那，对６种棕桐科植物Ｆｌｅｓｓｅｎｌａｂａｔａ［ｌａ、Ａｓｔｒｎ。ａｒｙ；；ｒ－ｎｖ；；ｌ。。，。。；；＿ｔｅｒｐｅｏｌｅｒａｃｅａ、Ｄｅｎｏｃａｒｐｕｓｂａｃａｂａ、Ｅｌａｅｌｓｏｌｅｌｔｅｒａ（ｓｙｎ．...

liver and the defects of cholesterol and bile acids biosynthesis: rare disorders many diagnostic pitfalls

In recent decades, biotechnology produced a growth of knowledge on the causes and mechanisms of metabolic diseases that have formed the basis for their study, diagnosis and treatment. Unfortunately, it is well known that the clinical features of metabolic diseases can manifest themselves with very different characteristics and escape early detection. Also, it is well known that the prognosis of many metabolic diseases is excellent if diagnosed and treated early. In this editorial we briefly summarized two groups of inherited metabolic diseases, the defects of cholesterol biosynthesis and those of bile acids. Both groups show variable clinical manifestations but some clinical signs and symptoms are common in both the defects of cholesterol and bile acids. The differential diagnosis can be made analyzing sterol profiles in blood and/or bile acids in blood and urine by chromatographic techniques(GC-MS and LC-MS/MS). Several defects of both biosynthetic pathways are treatable so early diagnosis is crucial. Unfortunately their diagnosis is made too late, due either to the clinical heterogeneity of the syndromes(severe, mild and very mild) that to the scarcity of scientific dissemination of these rare diseases. Therefore, the delay in diagnosis leads the patient to the medical observation when the disease has produced irreversible damages to the body. Here, we highlighted simple clinical and laboratory descriptions that can potentially make you to suspect a defect in cholesterol biosynthesis and/or bile acids, as well, we suggest appropriate request of the laboratory tests that along with common clinical features can help to diagnose these defects.

Determination of Steroid Hormone Residues in Fish Tissues Using Gel Permeation Chromatography and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

A highly sensitive method was developed for the simultaneous determination of 8 steroid hormones in high-fat fish tissues using ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).The 8 steroid hormones were extracted from the tissues with diethyl ether.Differing from other common purification methods,the extract solutions were cleaned by gel permeation chromatography(GPC) using ethyl acetate-cyclohexane solution(1:1,v/v) as the mobile phase.The separation of target compounds was carried out by a BEH C18 column and a gradient elution consisting of acetonitrile and 0.2% aqueous formic acid(v/v).The compounds were detected under the multiple reaction monitoring(MRM) mode and quantified with external standard method.This method was validated with respect to linearity,specificity,accuracy and precision.A linearity with correlation coefficient larger than 0.995 was achieved in the range of 0.5 to 50 ng m L^(-1).The average recoveries at the spiked levels of 1.0,5.0,and 10.0 μg kg^(–1) varied between 81.7% and 90.8%,with the relative standard deviations(n=5) ranged from 3.50% to 10.0%.The limit of quantification(LOQ) for 8 steroid hormones ranged from 0.2 to 1.5 μg kg^(-1).It was concluded that this method can be successfully applied for the determination of 8 steroid hormones in complicated matrices including high-fat fish tissues.

Purification and Characterization of a Versatile Peroxidase from Edible Mushroom Pleurotus eryngii

A versatile peroxidase (VP-Peco60-7 ) was generated and purified from the liquid culture of Pleurotus eryngii. The purification procedure included ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, and gel chromatography. The molecular weight and isoelectric point (pI) of VP-Peco60-7 were determined to be approxi-mately 40 kDa and 4.1, respectively. By N-terminal sequence determination and peptide mapping analysis, VP-Peco60-7 was found to be similar to the versatile peroxidase isoenzyme VPL1, which was previously isolated from liquid cultures of the same species. However, the molecular weight and pI of VP-Peco60-7 were different from those of versatile peroxidases of liquid cultures, implying that the VP-Peco60-7 in this study is of a novel type. With 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) as a substrate, the maximal enzyme activity was obtained at 50 °C and pH 3.0. The catalysis of ABTS by VP-Peco60-7 was expressed by the Michaelis-Menten equa-tion. At 50 °C and pH 3.0, the maximum velocity (V max ) was 188.68 U·mg-1 and the michaelis constant (K m ) was 203.09 μmol·L-1 .

Simultaneous Prediction of Retention Times and Peak Shapes of Sulfonamides in Reversed-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

In this paper, we propose a novelmethod based on the plate theory to simultaneously predict retention times and peak shapes under gradient elutions and different flow rates by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The proposed method yielded excellent retention prediction results in experiments with 16 common sulfonamides under 18 gradient conditions and four different flow rates, including 0.7, 1.0, 1.3, and 1.5 mL/min. The mean absolute deviation was 0.70%, which indicates accurate prediction. Moreover, the proposed method predicts the change wellin peak shapes caused by the expansion or compression ofpeaks under different gradient conditions.

Effects of Different Compounding of Formulae on Content of Gardenoside in Yin Chen Hao Decoction

In order to observe the effects of the ground and intact Zhi Zi (Fructus Gardeniae) and different combinations of the ingredients and refined single Chinese drug granules in Yin Chen Hao Decoction compound prescription on the contents of gardenoside (an effective component of the prescription), the contents of gardenoside were determined with reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), with acetonitrile-water (15:85) as mobile phase, at wave length 238nm. The results indicated that the gardenoside-decocted-out rates in the decoctions prepared by different combinations of the ingredients with the ground Zhi Zi (Fructus Gardeniae) all were higher significantly than those in the decoction with intact Zhi Zi (Fructus Gardeniae), and generally, different combinations of the ingredients in the decoction had only little effect on the gardenoside-decocted-out rate.

Evaluation of the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Rubus parvifolius L.

The hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of the n-butanol extract of Rubus parvifolius L. （RPL）, a widely used medicinal plant, were evaluated. Results demonstrated that RPL extract possessed pronounced hepatoprotective effects against carbon tetrachloride （CCI4）-induced hepatic injury in mice, which was at least partially attributed to its strong antioxidant capacity. Treatment with RPL extract markedly attenuated the increases in serum alanine ami- notransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） levels caused by CCI4 intoxication. It also significantly prevented the decrease in superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity and the increase in malondialdehyde （MDA） content of liver tissue. Meanwhile, histopathological changes of hepatic damage were also remarkably ameliorated. Phytochemical analysis based on high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry （HPLC-MS/MS） revealed the presence of various phenolic compounds, including caffeic acid conjugates, ellagic acid glycosides, and flavonol glycosides, which might be responsible for the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of RPL.