江苏省脊髓灰质炎液体疫苗免疫成功率及其效价监测分析

为了了解江苏省实施口服脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)液体疫苗的效果,随机选择南通市和淮安市两处采样进行免疫成功率监测,南通采集免前免后合格血清样品各53份;淮安采集免前免后合格血清样品各60份,液体疫苗4批。检测其脊灰抗体和疫苗效价。结果表明液体疫苗阳转率相当高,与往年的脊灰糖丸疫苗结果相符,初免儿童对脊灰能形成有效的免疫屏障,可以控制和阻断脊灰炎野病毒的传播。

三价脊髓灰质炎活疫苗糖丸与液体疫苗的免疫效果比较

三价脊髓灰质炎活疫苗糖丸与液体疫苗的免疫效果比较张思敏，于梅，楼丽波，符展明宁波市卫生防疫站（３１５０１０浙江宁波）本文报道了三价脊髓灰质炎活疫苗（ＴＯＰＶ）糖丸对１岁以下儿童服苗后的效果观察及同国外液体型ＴＯＰＶ的免疫效果比较。采用两种不同剂型疫苗...

PedvaxHIB液体疫苗接种反应观察

PedvaxHIB疫苗可有效地预防婴幼儿因感染B型流感嗜血杆菌(简称HIB)所致脑膜炎、肺炎、会厌炎等多种侵袭性疾病.2002年2～3月,我们开展了HIB疫苗接种工作,并对接种儿童进行随访观察,现将观察结果报告如下.

口服脊髓灰质炎液体疫苗项目的经济评价

OPV 液体疫苗项目的高标准,所引致的制品成本上升又必然对我国的计划免疫带来一定程度的影响,因此对 OPV 液体疫苗项目进行经济评价,是管理决策科学化的需要,研究的结果可以为卫生部门的决策提供参考依据。

分析猪用疫苗的接种技术及注意事项

为了保证市场猪肉产品安全,针对猪只养殖期间的猪用疫苗接种展开分析。介绍猪只免疫接种的要求和接种疫苗技术操作要点,并且从疫苗接种环境、疫苗接种准备、疫苗接种后处理、疫苗接种规范性四方面,总结接种猪用疫苗的注意事项,保证猪用疫苗接种效果,降低猪只患病可能性,以期能够为猪只养殖与检疫工作提供参考。

国产液体无佐剂狂犬病疫苗免疫应答动态观察

目的评价国产液体无佐剂非洲绿猴肾(Vero)细胞狂犬病疫苗的免疫原性。方法 选择既往无明确狂犬病疫苗接种史和犬伤史,符合研究方案制定的入选标准和排除标准,对暴露于狂犬病患者采用常规5针注射。观察对象于首针接种前,首针接种后7、14、28、45 d,全程后180 d采集血样检测抗狂犬病中和抗体。结果符合入选标准和排除标准的观察对象120名常规接种5针液体无佐剂Vero细胞狂犬病疫苗。观察对象接种前狂犬病抗体均为阴性,接种首针后7 d狂犬病抗体阳转率为10.83%,接种首针后14 d阳转率达到100%,接种首针后28 d、45 d和全程后6个月的阳性率均为100%。接种首针后7 d狂犬病抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)仅为0.08 IU/ml,接种首针后14 d狂犬病抗体的GMT达到1.02 IU/ml,较首针接种后7 d增长12.75倍。接种首针后28、45 d狂犬病抗体的GMT分别达到4.93 IU/ml、9.71 IU/ml,较首针后14 d分别增长4.83倍、9.52倍。全程接种后6个月狂犬病抗体的GMT仍达到6.25 IU/ml。结论国产液体无佐剂Vero细胞狂犬病疫苗具有良好的免疫原性,6个月内再被暴露于狂犬病动物者可以不需要接种狂犬病疫苗。

两种脊髓灰质炎疫苗免疫效果比较观察

我省于１９９３年首次接受外援脊髓灰质炎液体疫苗（下称液体疫苗），为了评价其免疫效果，给使用提供科学依据，我站于１９９３年在本省部分地（市）抽取１７４名２～１２月龄未接种过脊髓灰质炎疫苗的健康婴儿，用液体疫苗和脊髓灰质炎糖丸疫苗（下称糖丸疫苗）进行基础...

干粉疫苗——动物的福星

动物也有生老病死,畜兽禽鱼也须祛病保健,以获"天年"。倘若患传染病等疑难绝症,这在以往无疑于宣告死期临头,而且常常是一死一大片。人为动物之灵,二者相互依存,息息相关。每当动物传染生病或疾疫缠身时,它们痛苦的呻吟或绝望的哀叫,也使人心伤神悲,甚至一掬同情之泪。但是,自从人类发明预防动物传染病的注射剂以来,大大减少了动物的病痛和死亡,这不仅造福动物。

液体与冻干狂犬病疫苗临床反应与免疫原性观察

目的研究液体与冻干狂犬病疫苗的临床反应和免疫原性。方法对300例暴露于狂犬病的病人进行常规5针注射,其中100例使用国产Vero细胞液体狂犬病疫苗,100例用国产Vero细胞冻干狂犬病疫苗,100例用进口Vero细胞冻干狂犬病疫苗,观察每针注射后的局部反应和全身反应;在免疫后14d和42d(全程注射后14d)用间接免疫荧光法检测抗体水平。结果国产液体疫苗、国产冻干疫苗和进口冻干疫苗局部反应发生率分别是28.6%、3.6%、3.2%。全身反应发生率分别是4.4%、1.2%、0.8%。免疫14d后国产液体疫苗、国产冻干疫苗、进口冻干疫苗的抗体阳转率分别是82%、96%,98%。免疫42d后抗体阳转率分别93.68%、98.98%、98.99%。结论冻干狂犬病疫苗的临床反应和免疫原性优于液体狂犬病疫苗。

液体与冻干狂犬病疫苗副反应与效果观察

目的研究国产液体与冻干狂犬病疫苗的副反应和免疫原性。方法对850例暴露狂犬病病人进行常规5针注射,分别是345例使用Vero细胞液体狂犬病疫苗,505例使用Vero细胞冻干狂犬病疫苗,观察每针注射后的局部副反应和全身副反应,在免疫后14d～42d(全程注射后14d)用间接免疫荧光法检测抗体水平。结果液体与冻干狂犬病疫苗局部副反应分别为14.2%、6.0%,全身副反应发生率分别为4.9%、2.4%,免疫14d后抗体阳性率分别是62.5%、89.9%,免疫42d后抗体阳性率分别为97.7%、98.6%。结论国产冻干狂犬病疫苗的副反应和免疫原性优于液体狂犬病疫苗。

液体与冻干狂犬病疫苗副反应与效果观察

目的研究国产液体与冻干狂犬病疫苗的副反应和免疫原性。方法对850例暴露狂犬病病人进行常规5针注射,分别是345例使用Vero细胞液体狂犬病疫苗,505例使用Vero细胞冻干狂犬病疫苗,观察每针注射后的局部副反应和全身副反应,在免疫后14d和42d(全程注射后14d)用间接免疫荧光法检测抗体水平。结果液体与冻干狂犬病疫苗局部副反应分别为14.2%、6.0%,全身副反应发生率分别为4.9%、2.4%,免疫14d后抗体阳性率分别是62.5%、89.9%,免疫42d后抗体阳性率分别为97.7%、98.6%。结论国产冻干狂犬病疫苗的副反应和免疫原性优于液体狂犬病疫苗。

Chiron Vaccines和Panacea公司组建联合企业

Chiron Vaccines和印度Panacea生物技术公司组成联合企业，以在印度提供突破性联合疫苗产品。联合公司预期填补技术空白以在印度生产儿科用全液体疫苗，最初将上市大约四种产品，包括一个DTP-Hib疫苗。

Relationship between T-lymphocyte cytokine levels and sero-response to hepatitis B vaccines

AIM: To investigate the cellular defects by analyzing the (Th1/Th2) cytokine levels in vaccine responders and non-responders. METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) from responders and non-responders were stimulated with or with out recombinant HBsAg or PHA. Broad spectrum of cytokines viz (Th1) IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF-α, IL-12 and (Th2) IL-10, IL-4 were measured after in vitro stimulation with recombinant HBsAg and were compared with respective antibody titers. RESULTS: A significant decrease (P = 0.001) in Th1 and Th2 cytokines namely, IL-2, INF-γ, TNF-α and IL-10in non-responders was observed. The level of IL-4 was not significant between the three groups. Furthermore, despite a strong Th1 and Th2 cytokine response, the level of IL-12 was elevated in high-responders compared to other groups (P = 0.001) and demonstrated a positive correlation with anti-HBs titers and Th1 cytokine response. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that unrespon-siveness to recombinant hepatitis B vaccines (rHB) is multifactorial, including specific failure of antigen presentation or the lack of both T helper Th1 and Th2 response.

Potent T cell Responses Induced by Single DNA Vaccine Boosted with Recombinant Vaccinia Vaccine

Plasmid DNA, an effective vaccine vector, can induce both cellular and humoral immune responses. However, plasmid DNA raises issues concerning potential genomic integration after injection. This issue should be considered in preclinical studies. Tiantan vaccinia virus (TV) has been most widely utilized in eradicating smallpox in China. This virus has also been considered as a successful vaccine vector against a few infectious diseases. Potent T cell responses through T-cell receptor (TCR) could be induced by three injections of the DNA prime vaccine followed by a single injection of recombinant vaccinia vaccine. To develop a safer immunization strategy, a single DNA prime followed by a single recombinant Tiantan vaccinia (rTV) AIDS vaccine was used to immunize mice. Our data demonstrated that one DNA prime/rTV boost regimen induced mature TCR activation with high functional avidity, preferential T cell Vβ receptor usage and high sensitivity to anti-CD3 antibody stimulation. No differences in T cell responses were observed among one, two or three DNA prime/rTV boost regimens. This study shows that one DNA prime/rTV boost regimen is sufficient to induce potent T cell responses against HIV.

脊髓灰质炎Ⅲ型液体活疫苗人体接种反应和免疫效果观察

对卫生部北京生物制品研究所制备的脊髓灰质炎Ⅲ型液体疫苗（４５７－ⅢＰＦＩＺＥＲ－ＳｏＲｔ１），进行了人体接种反应和免疫效果观察。用加样枪口腔深部滴入疫苗后第６、８、１０、１２、１４天，有３０３％、６０６％、３０３％、１２１２％、９１０％接种儿出现全身弱反应，未见到中、强反应。未有发生皮疹、腹痛和腹泻者。免疫一个月后用中和试验查中和抗体，９６５５％（２８／２９）婴儿中和抗体升至１：１２８～１：１０２４，ＧＭＲＴ为４１２９０±３４７。结果表明，一次该疫苗免疫后Ⅲ型中和抗体的阳转率，和国内常规三价脊灰活疫苗３次免疫的一致。

HPV 6b L1VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES ELICIT HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN MICE

Objective.To test whether intramuscular,intranasal,intrarectal and intravagina l administration of HPV6b L 1 virus-like particlescould induce immune response in mice and to as sess whether intra-muscular and mucosal vaccination against HPV is feasible.Me thods.HPV6b L1proteins self-assembled into VLPs in Sf-9cell in vitro.Mic e were immunized on day0and21with50ìg HPV6b L1VLPs intramuscularly,int ranasally,intrarectally and intravagi-nally respectively.Sera were collected for testing IgG titer after a further7days and3months respec-tively.Results .After immunizations,all mice developed significant anti-HPV6b L1antibody titers in serum by7days after the second immunization.The titer of the serum I gG antibody against HPV6b L1VLPs in the intramuscularly immunized group was h igher than that in the intranasally,intrarectally and intravaginally immunized groups respectively,indicating that both muscular and mucosal administration of HPV6b L1VLPs can stimulate a systemic HPV-specific antibody response.Sera of the mice in the in-tramuscularly immunized group still maintained a high tit er of the serum IgG antibody against HPV6b L1VLPs 3months after the immunizat ion.Conclusion.The results demonstrated that the HPV6b L1VLPs maintain stro ng antigenicity.Immu-nization with HPV6b L1VLPs via intramuscular and mucos al routes,without adjuvant ,can elicit spe-cific antibody in sera.These fin dings suggest that the VLPs are able to induce protective antibodies.

Modulation of cellular and humoral immune responses to anHIV-1 DNA vaccine by interleukin-12 and interleukin-18 DNA immunization

Objective: To investigate the effect of interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interleukin-18 (IL-18)DNA immunization on immune response induced by HIV-1 DNA vaccine and to explore new strategies for therapeutic HIV DNA vaccine. Methods: The recombinant expression vector pCI-neoGAG was constructed by inserting HIV Gag gene into the eukaryotic expression vector pCI-neo. Balb/c mice were immunized with pCI-neoGAG alone or co-immunized with the DNA encoding for IL-12 or IL-18.Anti-HIV antibody and IFN-γ were tested by ELISA,and splenocytes were isolated for detecting antigen-specific lymphoproliferative responses and specific CTL response by MTT assay and LDH assay respectively. Results: The anti-HIV antibody titers of mice co-immunized with pCI-neoGAG and the DNA encoding for IL-12 or IL-18 were lower than that of mice immunized with pCI-neoGAG alone(P<0.01). In contrast, the IFN-γ level of mice co-immunized with pCI-neoGAG and the DNA encoding for IL-12 or IL-18 was higher than that of mice immunized with pCI-neoGAG alone (P<0.01).Furthermore, compared with mice injected with pCI-neoGAG alone, the specific CTL cytotoxity activity and antigen-specific lymphoproliferative responses of mice immunized with pCI-neoGAG and the DNA encoding for IL-12 or IL-18 were significantly enhanced respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion: The DNA encoding for IL-12 or IL-18 together with HIV DNA vaccine may enhance specific Th-1 responses and cellular immune response elicited in mice. Hence, the DNA encoding for IL-12 or IL-18 are promising immune adjuvants for HIV-1 DNA vaccine.