In this paper, the influence of soil liquefaction on the vertical pressure of submarine pipeline was investigated under the wave loading through the wave flume test. The experiment was set with the same waves on the l...In this paper, the influence of soil liquefaction on the vertical pressure of submarine pipeline was investigated under the wave loading through the wave flume test. The experiment was set with the same waves on the liquefied seabed and unliquefled seabed respectively, and the current pipeline vertical pressure was measured with the pressure transducers installed on the two opposite directions （i.e., straight up and straight down） at the same cross-section of the pipeline. The results showed that when the seabed was unliquefied, the two pressure curves varied periodically and overlapped completely, reaching the maximum and minimum at the same time respectively, and the resultant pressure fluctuated within a limited range. However, when the seabed was liquefied, the two pressure curves varied periodically, but they did not overlap completely. They did not reach the maximum （minimum） value at the same time either, and the resultant pressure fluctuated within a wider range. The experiment showed that the submarine stood higher resultant pressure in the vertical direction when the seabed was liquefied, which may cause the frequent sinking and fioatation of the pipeline, leading to its fatigue damage.展开更多
Observation and measurement were conducted to investigate contact angle andits hysteresis on rough surface. The experimental results indicate that the increase in solidsurface roughness enlarges advancing contact angl...Observation and measurement were conducted to investigate contact angle andits hysteresis on rough surface. The experimental results indicate that the increase in solidsurface roughness enlarges advancing contact angle and decreases receding contact angle, resultingin enhanced hysteresis. It was observed that when Young''s contact angle θ_Y 【 90°, as theroughness of solid surface increased the extent of the decrease in receding contact angle exceededthat of the increase in advancing contact angle. Based on the experimental observations, the conceptof hysteresis tension was introduced to describe the contact angle hysteresis behavior on roughsolid surface. The model provides a thoughtful understanding of the physical nature of contact anglehysteresis, in particular an instructive description of the influence of surface roughness on thehysteresis. The prediction of the model is found in quite good agreement with the experimentalobservation and measurement.展开更多
This paper develops a multi-year lag Input-Holding-Output （I-H-O） Model on education with exclusion of the idle capital to address the reasonable education structure in support of a sustainable development strategy ...This paper develops a multi-year lag Input-Holding-Output （I-H-O） Model on education with exclusion of the idle capital to address the reasonable education structure in support of a sustainable development strategy in China. First, the model considers the multiyear lag of human capital because the lag time of human capital is even longer and more important than that of fixed capital. Second, it considers the idle capital resulting from the output decline in education, for example, student decrease in primary school. The new generalized Leonitief dynamic inverse is deduced to obtain a positive solution on education when output declines as well as expands. After compiling the 2000 I-H-O table on education, the authors adopt modifications-by-step method to treat nonlinear coefficients, and calculate education scale, the requirement of human 2020. It is found that structural imbalance of human development. capital, and education expenditure from 2005 to capital is a serious problem for Chinese economic展开更多
基金supported by the grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41076021)
文摘In this paper, the influence of soil liquefaction on the vertical pressure of submarine pipeline was investigated under the wave loading through the wave flume test. The experiment was set with the same waves on the liquefied seabed and unliquefled seabed respectively, and the current pipeline vertical pressure was measured with the pressure transducers installed on the two opposite directions （i.e., straight up and straight down） at the same cross-section of the pipeline. The results showed that when the seabed was unliquefied, the two pressure curves varied periodically and overlapped completely, reaching the maximum and minimum at the same time respectively, and the resultant pressure fluctuated within a limited range. However, when the seabed was liquefied, the two pressure curves varied periodically, but they did not overlap completely. They did not reach the maximum （minimum） value at the same time either, and the resultant pressure fluctuated within a wider range. The experiment showed that the submarine stood higher resultant pressure in the vertical direction when the seabed was liquefied, which may cause the frequent sinking and fioatation of the pipeline, leading to its fatigue damage.
文摘Observation and measurement were conducted to investigate contact angle andits hysteresis on rough surface. The experimental results indicate that the increase in solidsurface roughness enlarges advancing contact angle and decreases receding contact angle, resultingin enhanced hysteresis. It was observed that when Young''s contact angle θ_Y 【 90°, as theroughness of solid surface increased the extent of the decrease in receding contact angle exceededthat of the increase in advancing contact angle. Based on the experimental observations, the conceptof hysteresis tension was introduced to describe the contact angle hysteresis behavior on roughsolid surface. The model provides a thoughtful understanding of the physical nature of contact anglehysteresis, in particular an instructive description of the influence of surface roughness on thehysteresis. The prediction of the model is found in quite good agreement with the experimentalobservation and measurement.
基金supporting by the Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60874119Innovation Funds of Chinese Academy of Sciences+6 种基金Research Fund for HurnanitiesSocial Sciences in colleges under Grant No. 06BJY102Key project in Jiangxi Soft Science Project under Grant No. [2006]188Jiangxi Research Fund for HumanitiesSocial Sciences in colleges under Grant No. 03J J01Henan Research Fund for HumanitiesSocial Sciences in colleges under Grant No. 2008-ZD-002
文摘This paper develops a multi-year lag Input-Holding-Output （I-H-O） Model on education with exclusion of the idle capital to address the reasonable education structure in support of a sustainable development strategy in China. First, the model considers the multiyear lag of human capital because the lag time of human capital is even longer and more important than that of fixed capital. Second, it considers the idle capital resulting from the output decline in education, for example, student decrease in primary school. The new generalized Leonitief dynamic inverse is deduced to obtain a positive solution on education when output declines as well as expands. After compiling the 2000 I-H-O table on education, the authors adopt modifications-by-step method to treat nonlinear coefficients, and calculate education scale, the requirement of human 2020. It is found that structural imbalance of human development. capital, and education expenditure from 2005 to capital is a serious problem for Chinese economic
