十二味液化散的质量控制

目的:建立十二味液化散的质量标:隹。方法:用薄层色谱法对制剂中的黄柏和丹参进行鉴别;采用高效液相色谱法对丹参中丹参酮ⅡA进行含量测定。结果:薄层鉴别色谱中.均能检出黄柏、丹参,且阴性无干扰;丹参酮ⅡA在0.108 8～0.652 8μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率为99.98%(n=5),RSD为0.1%。结论:该方法有良好的重复性及稳定性,且操作简便,能有效的控制该制剂的质量。

十二味液化散质量标准的研究

目的:建立十二味液化散的质量控制标准。方法:采用薄层色谱法对制剂中主要药材赤芍、丹参、黄柏、陈皮进行定性鉴别,采用HPLC测定丹参中丹参酮ⅡA的含量。结果:鉴别方法专属性强,定量方法简便、准确。丹参酮ⅡA在5.440μg￣32.640μg范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999663),平均回收率为99.99%(n=5),RSD=0.3。结论:本质量标准所用方法准确可靠,可行性及重现性良好,能有效地控制该制剂的质量。

Solution combustion synthesis of Ni-Y_2O_3 nanocomposite powder

Ni-Y2O3 nanocomposite powder with uniform distribution of fine oxide particles in the metal matrix was successfully fabricated via solution combustion process followed by hydrogen reduction. The combustion behavior was investigated by DTA-TG analysis. The influence of urea to nickel nitrate（U/Ni） ratio on the combustion behavior and morphology evolution of the combusted powder was investigated. The morphological characteristics and phase transformation of the combusted powder and the reduced powder were characterized by FESEM, TEM and XRD. The HRTEM image of Ni-Y2O3 nanocomposite powder indicated that Y2O3 particles with average particle size of about 10 nm dispersed uniformly in the nickel matrix.

Preparation and Characterization of Hybrid Aqueous Dispersions Composed of Silica Sol and Poly(styrene-co-acrylate)

A stable silica sol with 3-5 nm in diameter, which can form homogeneous film without crack, was prepared and characterized. Then, the inorganic-organic hybrid aqueous dispersion composed of such a silica sol and an emulsion of styrene （St） and acrylate （Ac） copolymer was prepared and the hybrid effect between the silica sol and poly（St-co-Ac） was observed by Fourier transform infra-red （FT-IR） spectroscope. The toughness of the film prepared by this kind of hybrid aqueous dispersion was excellent, as it was enhanced appreciably by commixing with a small amount of poly（St-co-Ac） emulsion. Some amino-polysiloxane modified hybrid aqueous dispersions were also prepared and the properties of the modified dispersions and their films were investigated. The experimental results showed that the film prepared with such an amino-polysiloxane modified hybrid dispersion exhibited excellent hydrophobicity and low surface energy after heat treatment for 1.5 h, during which the formation of the graft copolymer was observed. The surface energy of this film decreases as a result of the enrichment of siloxane segments on the film surface.

Transient liquid phase bonding of Al 2024 to Ti-6Al-4V alloy using Cu-Zn interlayer

Transient liquid phase bonding of two dissimilar alloys Al 2024 and Ti?6Al?4V using Cu?22%Zn interlayer was carried out at 510 °C under vacuum of 0.01 Pa for various bonding time. In order to characterize the microstructure evolution in the joint zone, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were applied. The results show that joint formation is attributed to the solid-state diffusion of Cu and Zn into Ti?6Al?4V and Al 2024 alloys followed by eutectic formation and isothermal solidification along the Cu?Zn/Al 2024 interface. The hardness of the joints at the interface increases with an increase in bonding time which can be attributed to formation of intermetallic compounds such as Al2Cu, TiCu3, Al4.2Cu3.2Zn0.7, Al0.71Zn0.29, Ti2Cu, TiAl3 and TiZn16 in the joint zone. Moreover, shear strength of the joint reaches the highest value of 37 MPa at bonding time of 60 min.

Axial Liquid Dispersion in Gas-Liquid-Solid Circulating Fluidized Bed

The effects of liquid viscosities, solid circulating rates, liquid and gas velocities and phase holdups on the axial dispersion coefficient, Dax, were investigated in a gas-liquid-solid circulating fluidized bed (GLSCFB).Liquid viscosity promotes the axial liquid backmixing when solid particles and gas bubbles are present. Increases in gas velocities and solid circulating rates lead to higher Dax. The effects of liquid velocity on Dax are associated with liquid viscosity. Compared with conventional expanded beds, the GLSCFBs hold less axial liquid dispersion,approaching ideal plug-flow reactors.

Kinetics for Describing the Creaming of Protein-Stabilized O/W Emulsions by Multiple Light Scattering

In the present work, new kinetics to describe the creaming stability of oil-in-water emulsions determined by backscattering measurements （BS） is proposed. The emulsions assayed exhibited a different backscattering profiles regarding creaming destabilization hyperbolic and sigmoid one. Hyperbolic behavior can be described by a second order kinetics, where k_h could be equaled to a rate constant that describes the creaming process and its values would indicate the stability of emulsions. While for the sigmoid BS pattern, kinetics with two terms, is adequate to describe the creaming process in contrast to kinetics previously reported in the literature. The kh value has the same meaning as before, and ks indicates the delaying effect on the creaming rate.

Pickering interfacial biocatalysis with enhanced diffusion processes for CO_(2) mineralization

Utilization of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))has become a crucial and anticipated solution to address environmental and ecological issues.Enzymes such as carbonic anhydrase(CA)can efficiently convert CO_(2) into various platform chemicals under ambient conditions,which offers a promising way for CO_(2) utilization.Herein,we constructed a Pickering interfacial biocatalytic system(PIBS)stabilized by CA‐embedded MOFs(ZIF‐8 and ZIF‐L)for CO_(2) mineralization.Through structure engineering of MOFs and incorporation of Pickering emulsion,the internal and external diffusion processes of CO_(2) during the enzymatic mineralization were greatly intensified.When CO_(2) was ventilated at a flow rate of 50 mL min^(–1) for 1 h,the pH value of PIBS dropped from~8.00 to~6.50,while the average pH value of free system only dropped to~7.15,indicating that the initial reaction rate of CO_(2) mineralization of PIBS is nearly twice that of the free system.After the 8^(th) cycle reaction,PIBS can still produce more than 9.8 mg of CaCO_(3) in 5 min,realizing efficient and continuous mineralization of CO_(2).

Reproduction of the Sedimentary Disturbance Phenomenon of the Diexi Ancient Landslide-Dammed Lake under Earthquake

Valuable geological and environmental information can be obtained from the 200 m thick lacustrine sediments in the Diexi lake(an ancient landslide-dammed lake) of the Minjiang River. The shaking table test method was employed to study the disturbance phenomena which occurred in the Diexi lake sediments. The results show that the disturbance phenomena were caused by liquefaction-induced flows in the unconsolidated lacustrine sediments, due to triggering by earthquakes. The deformations only occurred in unconsolidated sediment layers and not in consolidated layers. This means that a consolidated layer cannot be liquefied and disturbed again by an earthquake for a second time. The disturbance on one layer corresponds to only one earthquake. The temporal occurrence of earthquakes could be determined by disturbance layers generated at different ages. In total, 10 disturbed layers were found in the lacustrine sediments of the Diexi lake. The experiments showed that there were more than 10 earthquakes between 30 ka B.P. and 15 ka B.P. in the Diexi lake area based on the dating of the disturbed sediment layers.

Efficient Separation of Butyric Acid by an Aqueous Two-phase System with Calcium Chloride

One of the bottlenecks for bioproduction of butyric acid as bulk chemical is the difficulty in separating butyric acid from the fermentation broth,compared with the petroleum-based chemical synthesis method.In the present work,a novel separation methodology was developed based on an aqueous two-phase system with inor-ganic salts.Calcium chloride was screened out for effective separation of butyric acid from butyric acid-water-salt systems.Within appropriate concentration range of butyric acid and salt,butyric acid was enriched in the upper phase and most of calcium ions remained in the lower phase.This"salting out"effect is very efficient to separate butyric acid from the simulated butyrate fermentation broth,which consists of butyric acid and acetic acid with concentration ratio of 4︰1,so that the final ratio of butyric acid/acetic acid in the upper phase is improved to 9.87. The aqueous two-phase system was used to separate butyric acid from the actual fermentation broth with satisfac-tory result.

Effect of Dispersity and Porous Structure of TiO2 Nanopowders on Photocatalytic Destruction of Azodyes in Aqueous Solutions

Photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanopowders of anatase modification with various particle sizes and specific surface areas has been studied in the process of photocatalytic decolorization of aqueous solutions of methylene blue and direct blue 2C azodyes. By means of scanning electron microscopy and low-temperature N2 adsorption method, it was found that TiO2 nanopowders have the particles size of 5-120 nm with the specific surface area of 15-120 m2·g^-1. The used TiO2 samples are characterized by mesoporous structures with average pore size of 4.3-14.9 nm. The photocatalytic activity of TiO2 was evaluated via decolorization of azodyes solutions. It was shown that the efficiency of decolorization symbatically changes with the dye adsorption value on TiO2 surface and the degree of decolorization rises when the surface area of TiO2 nanopowders increases. It was found that TiO2 photocatalytic activity essentially depends on adsorption interactions between the dye molecules and catalytic active centers on TiO2 surface, and these interactions, in turn, are greatly affected by pH of the solution.

Test and prediction of chloride diffusion in recycled aggregate concrete

Recycled aggregate concrete （RAC） specimens with different recycled zoarse aggregate replacement ratios by mass （R） are fully immersed in a 10% chloride solution for 235 days. Both free chloride concentration （CI） and total chloride concentration （Ct） are then measured employing a rapid chloride test （RCT） system. The Fick＇s second diffusion law is verified by the test data and used to predict chloride concentration distribution at different immersion periods. Addilionally, pore structures of the new and old mortar in RAC are tested by mercury intrusion porosimetrV （MIP）. It is found that bind- ing chloride concentration （Cb） linearly increases with Cf. In natural aggregate concrete （NAC）, Cf is obviously smaller than that in the RAC in the same testing environment and this is different from the test results of Ct and Cb. Furthermore, the effects of R on the chloride concentration of RAC become severe for specimens subjected to long immersion periods, which can be explained in terms of the pore structures of the new mortar and old adhesive mortar in RAC.