血塞通注射液对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者血液流变学等相关因素的影响

目的观察血塞通注射液对慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)患者血液流变学等相关因素的影响。方法 70例AECOPD合并血液流变学指标异常患者,随机分成治疗组和对照组各35例,两组患者均予常规的抗感染、祛痰、解痉、平喘、纠正水电解质紊乱、氧疗等综合治疗。治疗组在上述治疗的基础上加用血塞通注射液0.4 g+5%葡萄糖溶液250 mL中静脉滴注,每日1次。共14 d。观察两组患者治疗前后血液流变学指标的变化并同时进行呼吸困难评分,6分钟步行距离测定。结果治疗组的血液流变学各项观察指标均较治疗前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),呼吸困难评分,6分钟步行距离指标有所改善,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论血塞通注射液可降低血黏度,改善微循环,有利于病情改善。

评价护肤品的触觉特性——一种描述性分析技术

要理解洗液、雪花膏和所有化妆品在手中和在皮肤上的接触感觉,就需要有一个有效的和可靠的感官评价方法,以便区别和描述其质量特点。皮肤感觉谱(分级)描述分析方法可将各种护肤品的触觉性分成清楚明了的要点,这些要点是基于可靠的物理学性能并且是运用物理参比进行的。对每个产品按严格的操作规程和精确定义的术语来区别和描述质的特性和相对强度,可提供严格控制的调查。

大位移延伸井钻井液关键技术探讨

埕北21-平1井是胜利油田为探索大位移井施工经验钻的一口先导井,完钻井深为4837.4 m,水平位移为3167.4 m。钻井施工中使用BPS-硅聚润滑防卡钻井液,该钻井液良好的流变性能、悬浮携岩特性、润滑性和稳定井眼的能力是该井钻探成功的关键。实践和理论分析证明,大位移延伸井必须选用抑制性强、流变性易调节的钻井液;在小排量、低返速的限制条件下,通过对动切力、塑性粘度、静切力、动塑比、ψ3和ψ6读数等钻井液流变参数的优化,完全可以解决大位移延伸井的井眼清洁问题;通过调节水基钻井液润滑性能,完全可以满足大位移延伸井施工对摩阻、扭矩的技术要求。

蚓激酶的临床应用进展

综述了蚓激酶的近期临床应用进展 ,多用于心脑血管疾病 ;由于蚓激酶可改善血液流变学 ,降低血小板聚集率 ,故还可用于与血液流变学改变相关的疾病中 ,如美尼尔病。

精子—宫颈粘液接触试验对不孕症的临床应用

宫颈粘液是由子宫颈管内隐窝里的粘液腺细胞所分泌的,其量和质以及微液流学性能均受卵巢激素的控制,伴随月经周期而改变。由于宫颈粘液具有这种特殊的生理功能,多年来被选为预测排卵和掌握生育及避孕的理想指标。

疏血通治疗急性脑梗死的疗效分析

目的 观察疏血通对急性脑梗死的疗效。方法 将 12 0例脑梗死患者随机分为两组 ,治疗组 ( 60例 )应用疏血通 ;对照组 ( 60例 )应用复方丹参注射液 ,两组疗程均 10d。通过神经功能缺失评分的变化 ,观察两组疗效和血液流变学变化。结果 治疗组有效率 91.7% ,对照组为 78.3 % ,两组比较有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;治疗组治疗前后血液流变学指标有显著改善 (均P <0 .0 1)。

益气稳心汤治疗老年冠脉粥样硬化性心脏病临床疗效观察

目的：观察老年冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者应用益气稳心汤治疗的临床效果。方法：采用随机数字表法将我院心血管内科2010年1月-2012年4月收治的100例老年冠心病患者分为研究组和对照组各50例,对照组采用冠心病常规疗法,研究组在对照组的基础上加用中药益气稳心汤,2周围1个疗程,比较2个疗程后两组患者的血脂水平、心电图变化、血液流变学指标、临床疗效差异。结果：治疗后两组患者的TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、心绞痛发作次数、心绞痛持续时间、ST段下移、T波平均下移、全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度指标较治疗前均显著的好转（P〈0.05）;治疗后研究组的心绞痛发作次数、心绞痛持续时间、ST段下移、T波平均下移、全血高切黏度、全血低切黏度指标均显著好转（P〈0.05）。研究组的显效率54%高于对照组的36%,无效率6%低于对照组的18%,研究组疗效分布显著优于对照（P〈0.05）;研究组的总有效率94%高于对照组的82%但差异不显著（P〉0.05）。结论：老年冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者应用益气稳心汤治疗对缓解心绞痛、改善血液黏度、提高临床疗效有一定的作用。

Effects of Lingzhi (Ganoderma lucidum) on Hemorrheology Parameters and Symptoms of Hypertensive Patients with Hyperlipidemia and Sequelae of Cerebral Thrombosis

The effects of Lingzhi(Ganoderma lucidum)on hemorrheology parameters and symptoms of hypertensive patients with hyperlipidemia,sequelae of cerebral thrombosis and coronary heart disease are studied.The Lingzhi extract was given to 33 patients(15 male,18 female,65±8 years old)in dosage of 110mg qid po for 2 weeks.The blood viscosity was im- proved after treatment.The results showed that whole blood viscosity(at high shear rate and low shear rate)and plasma viscosity were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Lingzhi showed the effect of reducing blood pressure simultaneously.Several symptoms were also improved. However,there were no significant changes in haematocrit and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P>0.05).In a few cases there occurred adverse reactions of palpitation and restlessness.

尼尔雌醇对绝经妇女血液流变学及内分泌的影响

为了解雌激素替代治疗对绝经后妇女血液系统的影响,本文测定了21例绝经后妇女服用尼尔雌醇前后三个不同时期的血脂及血液流变学参数,同时检测了用药前后血清 FSH、LH、E_1和 T 水平.结果提示:雌激素可能有利于绝经后妇女防止动脉粥样硬化,并可使紊乱的内分泌环境相对协调稳定.

急性缺血性中风辨证与头颅CT相关指标的研究

分析了 16 9例急性缺血性中风患者 ,中医辨证与头颅 CT、血脂、血液流变关系。结果 ,缺血性中风中90 .5 3%为中经络 ,9.47%为中脏腑。风痰瘀血 ,痹阻脉络型以红细胞电泳减慢为主 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,肝阳暴亢、风火上扰型以血浆比粘度增高为主 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,痰热腑实、风痰上扰型以 TG增高 (P<0 .0 1) ,HDL- C下降 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,全血比粘度、红细胞压积增高为主 (P<0 .0 5 )。中脏腑 ,TC、TG、L DL- C均增高 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,HDL- C下降(P<0 .0 5 ) ,全血比粘度、红细胞压积增高更具有显著性 (P<0 .0 1)。提示辨病指导下的辨证分型确有其特有的病理改变 ,为缺血性中风辨证论治提供了客观依据。

Use of color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of anomalous connection in pancreatobiliary disease

AIM: To estimate the detectability of anomalous connection in pancreatobiliary disease (ACPBD) cases, measuring gallbladder wall blood flow (GWBF).METHODS: In the retrospective study, we enrolled 42subjects with gallbladder wall thickening. GWBF velocity was determined as an average value of the peak velocity of color signals on the gallbladder wall, three times in each case. Based on the findings on endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), the 42 subjects were divided into 11 cases with ACPBD and 31 cases without ACPBD. In the prospective study, the subjects were 92 cases with gallbladder wall thickening. Using the cut-off level of the flow velocity obtained in the retrospective study, the usefulness of measuring GWBF velocity in diagnosing ACPBD was evaluated.RESULTS: In the retrospective study, imaging of GWBF was obtained in 40 of the 42 subjects. The mean GWBF velocity of the ACPBD cases was 29.4±3.9 cm/s(mean±SD), which was significantly different (P＜0.0001;95% CI 5.48-13.2) from that of the without ACPBD cases(20.1±5.9 cm/s). Based on this result, we prepared a receiver operating characteristic curve, and the cut-off level appropriate for diagnosing ACPBD was estimated to be 25 cm/s. In the prospective study, GWBF was detected in 86 of the 92 subjects. Based on the EUS or ERCP findings, the 92 subjects were divided into 15 cases with ACPBD and 77 cases without ACPBD. When a cut-off level of 25 cm/s was employed, ACPBD could be diagnosed with a sensitivity of 87.0% (13/15) and a specificity of87.3% (62/71).CONCLUSION: Measurement of GWBF velocity, which is less invasive and provides objective values, is very useful for diagnosing ACPBD prior to the development of malignant tumors in cases with gallbladder wall thickening.

Changes of gastric and intestinal blood flow, serum phospholipase A_2 and interleukin-1β in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis

AIM:To explore the relationship between gastric and intestinal microcirculatory impairment and inflammatory mediators released in rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP). METHODS: A total of 64 rats were randomized into control group and ANP group. ANP model was induced by injection of 5% sodium taurocholate under the pancreatic membrane. Radioactive biomicrosphere technique was used to measure the gastric and intestinal tissue blood flow at 2 and 12 h after the induction of ANP, meanwhile serum phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activities and interleukin-1β levels were determined. Pathologic changes in pancreas, gastric and intestinal mucosae were studied. RESULTS: The gastric blood flow in ANP group (0.62±0.06 and 0.35±0.05) mL/(min·g) was significantly lower than that in control group (0.86±0.11 and 0.85±0.06) mL/(min·g) (P<0.01) at 2 and 12 h after induction of ANP. The intestinal blood flow in ANP group (0.80±0.07 and 0.50±0.06) mlV(min·g) was significantly lower than that in control group (1.56±0.18 and 1.61±0.11) mL/(min·g) (P<0.01). Serum PLA2 activities (94.29±9.96 and 103.71± 14.40) U/L and IL-1β levels (0.78±0.13 and 0.83±0.20)μg/L in ANP group were higher than those in control group (65.27±10.52 and 66.63±9.81) U/L, (0.32±0.06 and 0.33±0.07)μg/L (P<0.01). At 2 and 12 h after introduction of the model, typical pathologic changes were found in ANP. Compared with control group, the gastric and intestinal mucosal pathologic changes were aggravated significantly (P<0.01) at 12 h after induction of ANP. Gastric and intestinal mucosal necrosis, multiple ulcer and hemorrhage occurred. CONCLUSION: Decrease of gastric and intestinal blood flow and increase of inflammatory mediators occur simultaneously early in ANP, both of them are important pathogenic factors for gastric and intestinal mucosal injury in ANP.

Chemical Composition of Root and Stem Saps in Relation to Cadmium Resistance and Accumulation in Brassica parachinensis

Sap mixtures of the xylem, phloem, and vacuoles from low and high Cd accumulator varieties of Brassica parachinensis L. H. Bailey were analyzed under Cd stress to understand the biochemical mechanisms of Cd accumulation in plants. Low Cd accumulator ('Teqing-60') and high Cd accumulator ('Chixin-2') plants were grown in Cd-treated soil in pots in a greenhouse. Percentage of cell wall-bound Cd was estimated. pH level and the concentrations of amino acids, organic acids, anions, and cations in both stem and root saps were determined for the calculation of Cd speciations using the computer program GEOCHEM. The results showed that 'Teqing-60' had a significantly higher (P≤0.05) percentage of Cd bound to cell walls in roots and a significantly higher (P≤0.05) pH in the root sap. 'Teqing-60' also contained a higher concentration of total amino acids in both roots and stems compared with the high Cd accumulator variety 'Chixin-2'. However, between the two accumulators, for stems and for roots, there were no significant differences in non-amino organic acids. GEOCHEM calculations showed that Cd in the root sap of 'Teqing-60' mainly combined with amino acids, especially alanine. Compared with 'Chixin-2', in the root sap of 'Teqing-60', much lower levels of Cd as free ions or bound to simple ligands were found, indicating that less 'Teqing-60' is transferred to stems and leaves. Cadmium activity in the shoot sap of 'Teqing-60' was much lower than that in 'Chixin-2'; therefore, 'Teqing-60' exhibited higher Cd resistance. However, direct determination of the Cd complexes from xylem and phloem sap is needed to verify these results.

Non-invasive ventilation improves hemorheology status in hypoxemic patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI

Background Hypoxemia sometimes occurs in the emergency room in the patients with acute myocardial infarction （AMI） after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）, even in those with administration of conventional high-flow oxygen inhalation. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of non-invasive ventilation （NIV） in improving blood oxygen content and hemorheology in patients with AMI and hypoxemia. Methods This prospective study enrolled 50 consecutive eligible patients with AMI （aged 72.3 ± 9.5 years）, who had undergone PCI and been administered high-flow oxygen but still had hypoxemia. Blood was taken before NIV and at 0.5, 1, and 2 h after NIV. Blood gases, hemorheological variables including erythrocyte deformability, erythrocyte aggregation, erythrocyte osmotic fragility, membrane fluidity, and oxidative stress level were measured. Results Blood PaO2 increased to normal by 1 h after NIV. Assessed hemorheological variables had all improved and plasma malondialdehyde concentration decreased significantly after 2 h of NIV. Conclusions Our data suggest that NIV can help to improve blood oxygen content, hemorheological status, and minimize plasma lipid peroxidation injury in hypoxemic patients with AMI who have undergone PCI.

Simulation and Analysis on the Two-Phase Flow Fields in a Rotating-Stream-Tray Absorber by Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

The flow field of gas and liquid in a φ150mm rotating-stream-tray (RST) scrubber is simulated by using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) method. The sismulation is based on the two-equation RNG κ-ε turbulence model, Eulerian multiphase model, and a real-shape 3D model with a huge number of meshes. The simulation results include detailed information about velocity, pressure, volume fraction and so on. Some features of the flow field are obtained: liquid is atomized in a thin annular zone; a high velocity air zone prevents water drops at the bottom from flying towards the wall; the pressure varies sharply at the end of blades and so on. The results will be helpful for structure optimization and engineering design.

针灸结合西医常规疗法对脑卒中后运动性失语患者语言功能及血液流变学的影响

目的探讨针灸结合西医常规疗法对脑卒中后运动性失语患者语言功能与血液流变学的影响。方法将符合入选标准的脑卒中后运动性失语患者160例，按随机数字表法分为2组，每组80例。对照组采用西医常规疗法配合语言康复训练，并控制血压、血糖及血脂等至正常水平；针联组在对照组基础上配合解语方针灸治疗。2组均治疗4周。采用LBY-N6A白清洗旋转式黏度计检测全血黏度及血浆黏度，采用温氏分血管法检测红细胞压积，评估患者治疗前后语言功能及神经功能缺损评分，评价临床疗效。结果针联组总有效率为88．8％（71／80）、对照组为70．0％（56／80），2组比较差异有统计学意义（X2=8．590，P=0．003）。治疗后，针联组神经功能评分[（5．5±1．6）分比（7．5±1．5）分，t=6．893]低于对照组（P〈0．01）；针联组书写能力[（4J4．7±2．5）分比（39．1±2．4）分，t=2．198]、复述能力[（47．1±4．4）分比（35．9±3．6）分，t=4．433]、阅读能力[（77．2±7．6）分比（65．2±6．9）分，t=3．677]及听理解能力[（45．2±2．4）分比（38．9±2．5）分，t=2．150]评分均高于对照组（P〈0．05）。针联组全血黏度高切[（2．67±1．03）mPa·S比（4．12±1．13）mPa·S，t=4．197]、全血黏度低切[（13．9±2．0）mPa·S比（20．1±2．1）mPa·S，t=3．011]低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论针灸结合常规疗法可改善脑卒中后运动性失语患者的语言功能，降低血液黏稠度，提高患者的生活质量。

The changes of nitric oxide and hemorheology in steroid-induced avas-cular necrosis of femoral head

Objective: To explore the pathogenesis of avascular necrosis of femoral head (ANFH), the early diagnosis index and the treatment effective index of ANFH in clinical practice. Methods: Twenty-four Japanese rabbits were divided into 2 groups: model group and control group. ANFH models were produced by intramuscular injection of large dosage of steroid to rabbits for 8 weeks. On the 4 th, 8 th week after the injection, two rabbits each time from each group were taken to observe the structure of femoral head by light microscope and scanning electron microscope. Four other stomach-empty rabbits from each group were also used to test the contents of Nitric Oxide (NO), contents of the hemorheology indexes. Results: Compared with the control group, the rabbits in the model group exhibited osteoporosis of femoral head and more bone lacuna and more fat cells through light microscope. Through scanning electron microscope observation bone trabecula were broken and sunk, and collagen fibers on the surface of bone matrix became loosen and broken, more osteocyte had pyknosis, adipocyte in the medullary cavity were enlarged and subchondral arterioles and capillaries of the femoral head were pressed by adipocyte. Compared with the control group, the model rabbits contained less NO and obvious increase of the plasma viscosity (PV), low blood viscosity (LBV), erythrocyte hematocrit (HCT), indices of erythrocyte rigidity (TK) and indices of erythrocyte aggregation (AI), plasma fibrin level (PFL) (P<0. 01) and an increase of erythrocyte electrophoresis rate (ERT) (P< 0.05). High blood viscosity (HBV), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were unchanged. Conclusion: The steroid-induced ANFH might be related to less NO and the abnormal hemorheology; and NO and hemorheology should be considered as an early diagnosis index for ANFH in clinical practice.