[ Objective] The aim was to study the protein polymorphism in the blood of Tibetan Mastiff, and provide some theoretical basis for resource protection and reasonable development and utilization of Tibetan Mastiff vari...[ Objective] The aim was to study the protein polymorphism in the blood of Tibetan Mastiff, and provide some theoretical basis for resource protection and reasonable development and utilization of Tibetan Mastiff varieties. [ Method] A total of 103 blood samples were taken from four populations of Hequ Tibetan Mastiff, Qinhai Tibetan Mastiff, Tibetan Spaniel and native dogs of Qinghai. Seven blood protein Iocus(Tf, Po, Sα2, Hb, AIb, Pr and Amy)were investigated by using vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with discontinuous buffer system. Then the genetic variation during different populations was analyzed. [ Result] Genetic variations were observed in Tf, Sα2 and Po in four populations, others were not polymorphic. There were three alleles at the locus of Tf and Po, two alleles at the loci of Sα2. Effective number of alleles and Nei's average expected heterozygosity were 1. 532 4 and 0.230 3 relatively, all higher in Tibetan Mastiff than other populations. [ Conclusion] Protein locus in blood of Tibetan Mastiff existed in genetic variation.展开更多
The efficiency of a new cryoprotectant,GP,for the preservation of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(A.ferrooxidans) strain DC in liquid nitrogen was investigated.The optimal concentration of this new cryoprotectant for...The efficiency of a new cryoprotectant,GP,for the preservation of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(A.ferrooxidans) strain DC in liquid nitrogen was investigated.The optimal concentration of this new cryoprotectant for the maximal viable cell recovery and the highest ferrous ion oxidation activity was determined.The results show that 30%(volume fraction) GP is optimal for the cryopreservation with 84.4% of cells surviving,completely oxidizing ferrous ions within 120 h,and growing to a final density of 5.8×107 cell/mL after 6 d in the culture.Furthermore,the optimal residual GP concentration for viable cell recovery after culture of thawed cells in 9K medium for 6 d is 0.6%(volume fraction).At this concentration,strain DC completely oxidizes ferrous ions within 108 h and grows to a final cell density of 6.8×107 mL-1.Thus,GP is a simple,effective cryoprotectant for the preservation of A.ferrooxidans strain DC in liquid nitrogen.展开更多
The research, based on pol ens of Zygocactus truncates during ful-bloom period, selected suitable culture medium and temperature for pol en germination and explored the effects of storage temperatures and pol en col e...The research, based on pol ens of Zygocactus truncates during ful-bloom period, selected suitable culture medium and temperature for pol en germination and explored the effects of storage temperatures and pol en col ection methods on pol en vitality of Zygocactus truncates and the results showed that the culture medium containing 200 g/L saccharose, 20 mg/L boric acid, and 20 mg/L calcium chloride is suitable for pol en germination of Zygocactus truncates; when the temperature kept below 20 ℃, pol en germination period last short, and germination rate kept higher;pol en germination performed better with filaments, and pol en tube grew wel .展开更多
In this paper,we investigated the effects of temperature,oxygen,antioxidants,and corn germ oil on the stability of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis under different storage conditions,and changes in the composi...In this paper,we investigated the effects of temperature,oxygen,antioxidants,and corn germ oil on the stability of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis under different storage conditions,and changes in the composition of astaxanthin esters during storage using high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometry.Oxygen and high temperatures(22–25°C) significantly reduced the stability of astaxanthin esters.Corn germ oil and antioxidants(ascorbic acid and vitamin E)failed to protect astaxanthin from oxidation,and actually significantly increased the instability of astaxanthin.A change in the relative composition of astaxanthin esters was observed after 96 weeks of long-term storage.During storage,the relative amounts of free astaxanthin and astaxanthin monoesters declined,while the relative amount of astaxanthin diesters increased.Thus,the ratio of astaxanthin diester to monoester increased,and this ratio could be used to indicate if astaxanthin esters have been properly preserved.If the ratio is greater than 0.2,it suggests that the decrease in astaxanthin content could be higher than 20%.Our results show that storing algal powder from H.pluvialis or other natural astaxanthin products under vacuum and in the dark below 4°C is the most economical and applicable storage method for the large-scale production of astaxanthin from H.pluvialis.This storage method can produce an astaxanthin preservation rate of at least 80%after 96 weeks of storage.展开更多
There occur abundant cherts in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata in southern Tibet. Some of them possess characteristic hydrothermal structures such as layered, laminated, massive and breccia structures. Ratios of Al/...There occur abundant cherts in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata in southern Tibet. Some of them possess characteristic hydrothermal structures such as layered, laminated, massive and breccia structures. Ratios of Al/(Al+Fe+Mn), Co/Ni, Fe/Ti and TiO2-A1203 demonstrate that their origin is related to hydrothermal sedimentation. The chert formations have close relationship with Sb, Au and poly-metallic mineralization, and the ore-forming fluid show strong correlation with fossil hydrothermal water. There occur abundant cherts in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata in southern Tibet. Some of them possess characteristic hydrothermal structures such as layered, laminated, massive and breccia structures. Ratios of A1/(AI+Fe+Mn), Co/Ni, Fe/Ti and TiO2-A1203 demonstrate that their origin is related to hydrothermal sedimentation. The chert formations have close relationship with Sb, Au and poly-metallic mineralization, and the ore-forming fluid show strong correlation with fossil hvdrothermal water.展开更多
Syrian Rue (Peganum harmala L.) is grown in semi-arid conditions. Its origin is Central Asia and has several medicinal uses especially in seeds. Study of genetic diversity for this plant is important for researches ...Syrian Rue (Peganum harmala L.) is grown in semi-arid conditions. Its origin is Central Asia and has several medicinal uses especially in seeds. Study of genetic diversity for this plant is important for researches in future. The electrophoresis of seed storage protein is a method to investigate SDS-PAGE and to classify plant varieties because these proteins are highly preserved. This study was conducted to determine the seed storage profiles of 20 Peganum harmala accessions that have been collected in some regions in lran. Extracted proteins were analyzed by Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) as a biochemical marker. For this purpose, the samples were first crushed and seed protein was extracted by extraction buffer then total soluble proteins were resolved on 15% SDS polyacrylamide gels. The gels showed 20 bands that were high polymorphism among the accessions. The noticeable differences for example were observed in area with 38 KDa. The result of analysis showed that the accessions were classified in three groups (13, 3 and 4 accessions in the first, second and third groups respectively).展开更多
There are large scale chert formations of different ages exposed widely in southern Tibet, along Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone. The typical chert specimens were sampled from Pengcuolin, Xialu and Zongzhuo profiles. Multi...There are large scale chert formations of different ages exposed widely in southern Tibet, along Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone. The typical chert specimens were sampled from Pengcuolin, Xialu and Zongzhuo profiles. Multivariate statistical analysis is applied for effectively extracting the geochemical information of the chert, and the raw data are processed by R-factor analysis. The first, second and third factors representing terrigenous, authigenic and hydrothermal constituents are extracted from the analysis results. From Pengcuolin, Xialu to Zongzhuo chert profiles, the variance ratios of continental and authigenetic factors become higher ( 51. 1% →62.9 % →91.6 % ), while hydrothermal factor rapidly decrease ( 40. 9 % →32.2 % →0 ). This tend- eney also present in the analysis for traee elements, indicating that Pengeuolin chert is hydrothermal origin, The Zongzhuo chert belong to normal sedimentation and the Xialu chert exhibit normal deposition interacted with hydrothermal sedimentation. The facts provide significant implications for understanding the diagenetic and palaeomineralization information of southern Tibet.展开更多
The concern on formation damage control of high permeability sandstone reservoir has been growing in oil industry in recent years. The invasion of particles and the filtrate of drilling fluid are proven as one of the ...The concern on formation damage control of high permeability sandstone reservoir has been growing in oil industry in recent years. The invasion of particles and the filtrate of drilling fluid are proven as one of the key factors accounting for reservoir damage. Based on the ideal packing theory, the practical software has been developed to optimize the blending proportion of several bridging agents, and the core flooding tests were conducted to evaluate return permeability of core samples contaminated with different drilling fluids. Experimental results show that the ideal packing approach can reduce the dynamic filtration rate, improve the return permeability and drawdown the breakthrough pressure, indicating that this kind of drilling fluids can meet the demands of formation damage control for high permeability sandstone reservoirs. Some applying procedures for formation damage control are also proposed in this paper.展开更多
Taking Terminalia chebula Retz. as the control product, the polyphenolic contents of the processed products in Tibetian, Rubia cordifolia L. processed Terminalia chebula Retz. and Euphorbia fischeriana Steud processed...Taking Terminalia chebula Retz. as the control product, the polyphenolic contents of the processed products in Tibetian, Rubia cordifolia L. processed Terminalia chebula Retz. and Euphorbia fischeriana Steud processed Terminalia chebula Retz. were analyzed by HPLC. Polyphenolic contents increased from 4.54% to 5.69% and 7.46%, respectively, which may lead to the change in their pharmacological effects.展开更多
To study the change of the content of chebulinic acid in Terminalia chebula Retz. by different processing methods in Tibet. We taking chebulinic acid as an indicator, the contents in Terminalia chebula Retz. and its p...To study the change of the content of chebulinic acid in Terminalia chebula Retz. by different processing methods in Tibet. We taking chebulinic acid as an indicator, the contents in Terminalia chebula Retz. and its processed products were analyzed by using HPLC. Also, the change rule was explored. Compared with Terminalia chebula Retz., the contents of chebulinic acid have decreased after processing, declining 50.18% for the Rubia cordifolia L. processed product, while 11.2% reduce for the Euphorbia fischeriana Steud processed product. After the specific preparation process in Tibet, the contents of chebulinic acid have reduced significantly, which may lead to different pharmacological effects.展开更多
The western Sichuan hydrothermal area is located at the northeastern margin of the eastern syntaxis of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is also the eastern end of the Mediterranean-Himalayan geothermal activity zone. ...The western Sichuan hydrothermal area is located at the northeastern margin of the eastern syntaxis of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is also the eastern end of the Mediterranean-Himalayan geothermal activity zone. There are 248 warm or hot springs in this area, and 11 have temperatures beyond the local boiling temperature. Most of these hot springs are distributed along the Jinshajiang, Dege-Xiangcheng, Ganzi-Litang, and Xianshuihe faults, forming a NW-SE hydrothermal belt. A geothermal analysis of this high-temperature hydrothermal area is an important basis for understanding the deep geodynamic process of the eastern syntaxis of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In addition, this study offers an a priori view to utilize geothermal resources, which is important in both scientific research and application. We use gravity, magnetic, seismic, and helium isotope data to analyze the crust-mantle heat flow ratio and deep geothermal structure. The results show that the background terrestrial heat flow descends from southwest to northeast. The crustal heat ratio is not more than 60%. The high temperature hydrothermal active is related to crustal dynamics processes. Along the Batang-Litang-Kangding line, the Moho depth increases eastward, which is consistent with the changing Qc/Qm(crustal/mantle heat flow) ratio trend. The geoid in the hydrothermal zone is 4–6 km higher than the surroundings, forming a local "platform". The NW-SE striking local tensile stress zone and uplift structure in the upper and middle crust corresponds with the surface hydrothermal active zone. There is an average Curie Point Depth(CPD) of 19.5–22.5 km in Batang, Litang, and Kangding. The local shear-wave(S-wave) velocity is relatively low in the middle and lower crust. The S-wave shows a low velocity trap(Vs<3.2 km s.1) at 15–30 km, which is considered a high-temperature partial melting magma, the crustal source of the hydrothermal active zone. We conclude that the hydrothermal system in this area can be divided into Batang-type and Kangding-type, both of which rely on a crustal heating cycle of atmospheric precipitation and surface water along the fracture zone. The heat is derived from the middle and lower crust: groundwater penetrates the deep faults bringing geothermal energy back to the surface and forming high-temperature springs.展开更多
基金Supported by Foundation of Gansu Technology Committee (GKC-97-27-5)Youth Foundation of Tianshui Normal University (X4-25)~~
文摘[ Objective] The aim was to study the protein polymorphism in the blood of Tibetan Mastiff, and provide some theoretical basis for resource protection and reasonable development and utilization of Tibetan Mastiff varieties. [ Method] A total of 103 blood samples were taken from four populations of Hequ Tibetan Mastiff, Qinhai Tibetan Mastiff, Tibetan Spaniel and native dogs of Qinghai. Seven blood protein Iocus(Tf, Po, Sα2, Hb, AIb, Pr and Amy)were investigated by using vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with discontinuous buffer system. Then the genetic variation during different populations was analyzed. [ Result] Genetic variations were observed in Tf, Sα2 and Po in four populations, others were not polymorphic. There were three alleles at the locus of Tf and Po, two alleles at the loci of Sα2. Effective number of alleles and Nei's average expected heterozygosity were 1. 532 4 and 0.230 3 relatively, all higher in Tibetan Mastiff than other populations. [ Conclusion] Protein locus in blood of Tibetan Mastiff existed in genetic variation.
基金Project(2005DKA21208) supported by the R&D Infrastructure and Facility Development Program from the Ministry of Science and Technology of ChinaProject(2010CB630901) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘The efficiency of a new cryoprotectant,GP,for the preservation of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans(A.ferrooxidans) strain DC in liquid nitrogen was investigated.The optimal concentration of this new cryoprotectant for the maximal viable cell recovery and the highest ferrous ion oxidation activity was determined.The results show that 30%(volume fraction) GP is optimal for the cryopreservation with 84.4% of cells surviving,completely oxidizing ferrous ions within 120 h,and growing to a final density of 5.8×107 cell/mL after 6 d in the culture.Furthermore,the optimal residual GP concentration for viable cell recovery after culture of thawed cells in 9K medium for 6 d is 0.6%(volume fraction).At this concentration,strain DC completely oxidizes ferrous ions within 108 h and grows to a final cell density of 6.8×107 mL-1.Thus,GP is a simple,effective cryoprotectant for the preservation of A.ferrooxidans strain DC in liquid nitrogen.
文摘The research, based on pol ens of Zygocactus truncates during ful-bloom period, selected suitable culture medium and temperature for pol en germination and explored the effects of storage temperatures and pol en col ection methods on pol en vitality of Zygocactus truncates and the results showed that the culture medium containing 200 g/L saccharose, 20 mg/L boric acid, and 20 mg/L calcium chloride is suitable for pol en germination of Zygocactus truncates; when the temperature kept below 20 ℃, pol en germination period last short, and germination rate kept higher;pol en germination performed better with filaments, and pol en tube grew wel .
基金Supported by the Yunnan Provincial Sciences and Technology Department,China(No.2007AD009)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31272680)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2013AA065805)
文摘In this paper,we investigated the effects of temperature,oxygen,antioxidants,and corn germ oil on the stability of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis under different storage conditions,and changes in the composition of astaxanthin esters during storage using high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometry.Oxygen and high temperatures(22–25°C) significantly reduced the stability of astaxanthin esters.Corn germ oil and antioxidants(ascorbic acid and vitamin E)failed to protect astaxanthin from oxidation,and actually significantly increased the instability of astaxanthin.A change in the relative composition of astaxanthin esters was observed after 96 weeks of long-term storage.During storage,the relative amounts of free astaxanthin and astaxanthin monoesters declined,while the relative amount of astaxanthin diesters increased.Thus,the ratio of astaxanthin diester to monoester increased,and this ratio could be used to indicate if astaxanthin esters have been properly preserved.If the ratio is greater than 0.2,it suggests that the decrease in astaxanthin content could be higher than 20%.Our results show that storing algal powder from H.pluvialis or other natural astaxanthin products under vacuum and in the dark below 4°C is the most economical and applicable storage method for the large-scale production of astaxanthin from H.pluvialis.This storage method can produce an astaxanthin preservation rate of at least 80%after 96 weeks of storage.
基金Ministry of Science and Technology 973 Program(Grant No.2002CB412600-VI)NSFC(Grant No.40073010)the Ph.D.Training Base Fund the National Education Ministry of China(Grant Nos.20040558050,20000099815)
文摘There occur abundant cherts in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata in southern Tibet. Some of them possess characteristic hydrothermal structures such as layered, laminated, massive and breccia structures. Ratios of Al/(Al+Fe+Mn), Co/Ni, Fe/Ti and TiO2-A1203 demonstrate that their origin is related to hydrothermal sedimentation. The chert formations have close relationship with Sb, Au and poly-metallic mineralization, and the ore-forming fluid show strong correlation with fossil hydrothermal water. There occur abundant cherts in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata in southern Tibet. Some of them possess characteristic hydrothermal structures such as layered, laminated, massive and breccia structures. Ratios of A1/(AI+Fe+Mn), Co/Ni, Fe/Ti and TiO2-A1203 demonstrate that their origin is related to hydrothermal sedimentation. The chert formations have close relationship with Sb, Au and poly-metallic mineralization, and the ore-forming fluid show strong correlation with fossil hvdrothermal water.
文摘Syrian Rue (Peganum harmala L.) is grown in semi-arid conditions. Its origin is Central Asia and has several medicinal uses especially in seeds. Study of genetic diversity for this plant is important for researches in future. The electrophoresis of seed storage protein is a method to investigate SDS-PAGE and to classify plant varieties because these proteins are highly preserved. This study was conducted to determine the seed storage profiles of 20 Peganum harmala accessions that have been collected in some regions in lran. Extracted proteins were analyzed by Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) as a biochemical marker. For this purpose, the samples were first crushed and seed protein was extracted by extraction buffer then total soluble proteins were resolved on 15% SDS polyacrylamide gels. The gels showed 20 bands that were high polymorphism among the accessions. The noticeable differences for example were observed in area with 38 KDa. The result of analysis showed that the accessions were classified in three groups (13, 3 and 4 accessions in the first, second and third groups respectively).
基金Supported by the National Key Basic Research Program ( No.2006CB4035008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( No.40573019)
文摘There are large scale chert formations of different ages exposed widely in southern Tibet, along Yarlung-Zangbo suture zone. The typical chert specimens were sampled from Pengcuolin, Xialu and Zongzhuo profiles. Multivariate statistical analysis is applied for effectively extracting the geochemical information of the chert, and the raw data are processed by R-factor analysis. The first, second and third factors representing terrigenous, authigenic and hydrothermal constituents are extracted from the analysis results. From Pengcuolin, Xialu to Zongzhuo chert profiles, the variance ratios of continental and authigenetic factors become higher ( 51. 1% →62.9 % →91.6 % ), while hydrothermal factor rapidly decrease ( 40. 9 % →32.2 % →0 ). This tend- eney also present in the analysis for traee elements, indicating that Pengeuolin chert is hydrothermal origin, The Zongzhuo chert belong to normal sedimentation and the Xialu chert exhibit normal deposition interacted with hydrothermal sedimentation. The facts provide significant implications for understanding the diagenetic and palaeomineralization information of southern Tibet.
文摘The concern on formation damage control of high permeability sandstone reservoir has been growing in oil industry in recent years. The invasion of particles and the filtrate of drilling fluid are proven as one of the key factors accounting for reservoir damage. Based on the ideal packing theory, the practical software has been developed to optimize the blending proportion of several bridging agents, and the core flooding tests were conducted to evaluate return permeability of core samples contaminated with different drilling fluids. Experimental results show that the ideal packing approach can reduce the dynamic filtration rate, improve the return permeability and drawdown the breakthrough pressure, indicating that this kind of drilling fluids can meet the demands of formation damage control for high permeability sandstone reservoirs. Some applying procedures for formation damage control are also proposed in this paper.
基金The Research Platform for the Project of the Application Basic Plan in Sichuan Province(Grant No.2014JY0113)the Project of Department of Science in Sichuan Province(Grant No.14ZA0003)
文摘Taking Terminalia chebula Retz. as the control product, the polyphenolic contents of the processed products in Tibetian, Rubia cordifolia L. processed Terminalia chebula Retz. and Euphorbia fischeriana Steud processed Terminalia chebula Retz. were analyzed by HPLC. Polyphenolic contents increased from 4.54% to 5.69% and 7.46%, respectively, which may lead to the change in their pharmacological effects.
基金The Research Platform for the Project of the Application Basic Plan in Sichuan Province(Grant No.2014JY0113)the Project of Department of Science in Sichuan Province(Grant No.14ZA0003)
文摘To study the change of the content of chebulinic acid in Terminalia chebula Retz. by different processing methods in Tibet. We taking chebulinic acid as an indicator, the contents in Terminalia chebula Retz. and its processed products were analyzed by using HPLC. Also, the change rule was explored. Compared with Terminalia chebula Retz., the contents of chebulinic acid have decreased after processing, declining 50.18% for the Rubia cordifolia L. processed product, while 11.2% reduce for the Euphorbia fischeriana Steud processed product. After the specific preparation process in Tibet, the contents of chebulinic acid have reduced significantly, which may lead to different pharmacological effects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41574074, 41174085, 41430319)the Innovation Team Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KZZD-EW-TZ-19)the Strategic Pilot Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA1103010102)
文摘The western Sichuan hydrothermal area is located at the northeastern margin of the eastern syntaxis of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is also the eastern end of the Mediterranean-Himalayan geothermal activity zone. There are 248 warm or hot springs in this area, and 11 have temperatures beyond the local boiling temperature. Most of these hot springs are distributed along the Jinshajiang, Dege-Xiangcheng, Ganzi-Litang, and Xianshuihe faults, forming a NW-SE hydrothermal belt. A geothermal analysis of this high-temperature hydrothermal area is an important basis for understanding the deep geodynamic process of the eastern syntaxis of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In addition, this study offers an a priori view to utilize geothermal resources, which is important in both scientific research and application. We use gravity, magnetic, seismic, and helium isotope data to analyze the crust-mantle heat flow ratio and deep geothermal structure. The results show that the background terrestrial heat flow descends from southwest to northeast. The crustal heat ratio is not more than 60%. The high temperature hydrothermal active is related to crustal dynamics processes. Along the Batang-Litang-Kangding line, the Moho depth increases eastward, which is consistent with the changing Qc/Qm(crustal/mantle heat flow) ratio trend. The geoid in the hydrothermal zone is 4–6 km higher than the surroundings, forming a local "platform". The NW-SE striking local tensile stress zone and uplift structure in the upper and middle crust corresponds with the surface hydrothermal active zone. There is an average Curie Point Depth(CPD) of 19.5–22.5 km in Batang, Litang, and Kangding. The local shear-wave(S-wave) velocity is relatively low in the middle and lower crust. The S-wave shows a low velocity trap(Vs<3.2 km s.1) at 15–30 km, which is considered a high-temperature partial melting magma, the crustal source of the hydrothermal active zone. We conclude that the hydrothermal system in this area can be divided into Batang-type and Kangding-type, both of which rely on a crustal heating cycle of atmospheric precipitation and surface water along the fracture zone. The heat is derived from the middle and lower crust: groundwater penetrates the deep faults bringing geothermal energy back to the surface and forming high-temperature springs.